科技成果转化受限因素的动力机制分析及对策研究——基于"成长上限"系统基模的原理

根据“成长上限”系统基模的相关原理,采用系统动力学的建模方法,对科技成果转化的绩效评价体系、科研机构的科技成果转化体系、企业的科技成果转化体系等方面存在的受限因素进行动力机制分析。提出应创新科研成果绩效评价体系、建立利益与风险共担的科技成果转化合作机制、增强企业科技成果转化的社会支撑力度等,来优化科技成果转化的动力机制。     

员工满意度与敬业度的现状分析——以L公司为例

员工的敬业度是近年来人力资源管理领域研究的热点,特别是经济危机背景下如何保持员工的工作热情更是急需解决的问题。以往,公司为了保持高绩效在管理政策上往往偏向提高员工的满意度,然而L公司的调查发现满意的员工不一定带来持续的高绩效,相反在敬业度和满意度上存在四种状态组合。文章从现状出发,剖析L公司四种组合存在及内在相互转化的原因,在此基础上提出如何让员工既满意又敬业的对策。     

科学技术在自然界演化状态中的作用探析

阐明科学和技术的本质,是科学哲学和技术哲学的基本问题。本文根据自然界演化的过程对其进行梳理,在演化论的视域下,对科学技术本质进行了重新解读。根据马克思"解放观"的思想,对自然界的演化过程进行了分析,说明了对各种演化态引入的具体的科学和技术以及人类是如何利用科技把"非常态"引入到"常态"的。通过这些思考更加明确了科学技术是人类争取自由、获得解放的重要工具,认为科学技术的本质是人类从自然界的各种演化状态中解放出来,即把"非常态"引入到"常态"环境的中介和手段。通过对自然演化状态中的每一个状态加以分析,肯定了科学技术在人类社会发展中的重要作用。本文从自然界的演化过程出发,具体探讨了科学技术在自然演化态向人类生存环境引入中的作用以及人类从各种演化态中解放的具体形式,进一步丰富了人工过程论的科学技术观,深化了对科学技术本质及相关问题的认识。     

Dynamic contracting under imperfect public information and asymmetric beliefs

We develop a dynamic principal–agent model to show how imperfect public information and asymmetric beliefs about payoff-relevant parameters, agency conflicts, and the agent's implicit incentives to influence the principal's posterior beliefs through his unobservable actions interact to affect optimal dynamic contracts. We make a methodological contribution to the literature by solving the continuous-time contracting problem using a discrete-time approximation approach. We obtain a simple characterization of optimal renegotiation-proof contracts in terms of the solution to a nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE). We then exploit the properties of the ODE to derive a number of novel implications for the dynamics of long-term contracts that alter the intuition gleaned from the previous literature. Optimism has a first-order impact on incentives, investment and output that could reconcile the “private equity” puzzle. Consistent with empirical evidence, the interaction between asymmetric beliefs, risk-sharing and adverse selection costs could cause the time-paths of the agent's incentive intensities to be increasing or decreasing. Our results also suggest that the incorporation of imperfect public information and asymmetric beliefs could potentially reconcile empirical evidence of an ambiguous relation between risk and incentives, and a non-monotonic relation between firm value and incentives. Permanent and transitory components of risk have differing effects on incentives, which suggest that empirical investigations of the link between risk and incentives should appropriately account for different components of risk.     

Limit theory for panel data models with cross sectional dependence and sequential exogeneity

The paper derives a general Central Limit Theorem (CLT) and asymptotic distributions for sample moments related to panel data models with large n$n$. The results allow for the data to be cross sectionally dependent, while at the same time allowing the regressors to be only sequentially rather than strictly exogenous. The setup is sufficiently general to accommodate situations where cross sectional dependence stems from spatial interactions and/or from the presence of common factors. The latter leads to the need for random norming. The limit theorem for sample moments is derived by showing that the moment conditions can be recast such that a martingale difference array central limit theorem can be applied. We prove such a central limit theorem by first extending results for stable convergence in Hall and Heyde (1980) to non-nested martingale arrays relevant for our applications. We illustrate our result by establishing a generalized estimation theory for GMM estimators of a fixed effect panel model without imposing i.i.d. or strict exogeneity conditions. We also discuss a class of Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimators that can be analyzed using our CLT.     

铁路桥涵结构极限状态法设计检算分析

基于可靠度理论的极限状态设计法已经成为国际工程结构设计的主流方法。通过对既有桥梁、墩台、涵洞等结构采用极限状态设计法进行设计检算,并与容许应力法计算下的受力、变形等结果进行对比分析,校核极限状态法设计规范中相关参数指标的合理性,并对铁路桥涵极限状态法设计规范的修改完善提出相关建议。     

2013版清单计价规范下招标控制价中其他项目费编制研究

如何在2013版清单计价规范下准确编制其他项目费以合理确定招标控制价是困扰建设工程计价的重要问题之一。在2013版清单计价规范的框架下,以招标控制价中的其他项目费为研究对象,系统总结了暂列金额、暂估价、计日工及总承包服务费的适用范围及计算方法,对其他项目费的编制要点进行了总结及分析,并介绍了其他项目费的适用范围及计算方法在编制中的应用,从而为招标人在2013版清单计价规范下编制其他项目费提供借鉴。     

美国房利美和房地美困境浅析

美国住房贷款金融市场的动荡引发了人们对房利美和房地美这两家企业的未来担忧。     

经济结构战略性调整刍议

股票期权制是一种长期有效的新型激励机制。本文深入探讨了股票期权制的涵义、激励作用 ,进一步分析了其在我国实践过程中存在的问题 ,进而指出了应对策略。     

Momentum,market states and investor behavior

This paper shows that the momentum effect appears in the wake of both up-market and down-market states in the Spanish stock market, although in the first of these cases it is followed by return reversal. This evidence, which contradicts the predictions of Cooper et al. (2004), provides the rationale for taking into account the disposition effect among the possible explanatory factors behind the momentum effect in a behavioral theory context.