Analysis of travel behavior in Arab communities in Israel: a comparison of household surveys

This paper analyzes the main characteristics of travel behavior by the Arab minority community in Israel and discusses two issues related to household travel surveys: data collection among minorities and under-reporting of mid-day trips.Household travel surveys are generally designed and conducted for the majority population and, therefore, lack a proper accounting of minorities and miss many of their less-frequent trips. An alternative approach to conducting household surveys is presented, with the aim of improving data quality for transportation planning. The survey was designed for and conducted in three Arab towns in Israel. The main improvement of the survey involves better interaction between interviewer and interviewee, which should materialize into a relaxed environment that allows for obtaining detailed, reliable results within a reasonable amount of time.The results of the survey employing the alternative approach were compared to a sub-sample of the same towns taken from a regional survey conducted by the regional planning agency at the same time. The paper presents simple statistics on the main variables for each survey. Significant differences are found in the two data sets, mostly regarding the frequency of less frequent, non-home-based trips. A plausible explanation for these differences relates to the more detailed and improved data collected in the new survey.     

靖江市污染源普查现状分析及污染控制措施

江苏省靖江市作为长江三角洲经济区的组成部分,在综合实力快速攀升的同时,造成的环境污染也不可小觑。利用污染源普查数据和社会经济统计数据,对本区域内的污染物产生、排放特点及污染现状进行了分析,指出了在工业污染得到重视的同时,生活污染和农业污染也不可忽视。它们共同作用,造成环境质量水、气、土壤(底质)中多项指标超标。并针对工业污染、生活污染和农业污染的不同排放特征提出相应的治理措施。     

The U.S. Motion Pictures Industry: An Empirical Approach

We hypothesize that the U.S. motion pictures industry is structured so that star presence increases box office receipts and (less so) admissions, but places Ricardian limits on the output of blockbusters. The few dominant studios (majors) rely on a modified star system to generate supra-normal box office by stimulating admissions at exhibitors. Rising costs (from stars and their promotion) are required for rising revenues; that is, the majors gain revenue only at higher costs. Although the industry has unique features, the empirical results are surprisingly relevant to other industries.     

模块化结构型旅游调查问卷的设计与应用

常规旅游调查问卷设计在实际调查过程中会产生使用不便的问题,也可能产生一些错误的结果。采用模块化结构型调查问卷设计可避免这些问题的产生。把计算机手段应用到模块化结构问卷调查,使用更为方便,结果更为可靠。     

Instructional Manipulation Checks: A longitudinal analysis with implications for MTurk

Instructional Manipulation Checks (IMCs) assess respondent behavior by, for example, asking participants not to answer a trick question. We find IMCs can be used to detect problematic response behavior in longitudinal surveys. This is important because a Latent Class Analysis based on IMC-failure in the two reported studies reveals that between 9% and 12% of respondents can be labelled Inattentive Stayers at the first survey-wave and between 13% and 17% at the third wave. The tendency of Inattentive Stayers to remain in the panel is particularly relevant for online panel services such as MTurk, with workers participating in many surveys over longer time-periods. We find IMC-failure to be mitigated by a warning to respondents that their attention will be checked early in the survey, but not by repeated exposure to IMCs, or a timer leaving questions on the screen longer. Respondent personality also plays a role in IMC-failure, which implies persistency of undesirable respondent behavior.     

Introducing experiment in pedestrian behaviour and risk perception study at urban level crossing

Given the high risk of severe accidents at level crossings (LCs), this study examined legal and illegal crossings by pedestrians and cyclists at a high-traffic LC in Zagreb, Croatia. Survey data and field observations were collected to identify reasons for risky behaviour. Behaviour was observed under normal conditions and in the presence of various safety measures in order to identify measures that can reduce risky behaviour. Results show that the presence of police officer at the LC was most effective at reducing illegal crossings, while the presence of cameras contributes significantly as well, especially after safety educational campaign when illegal crossing decreases for 59.23%. We can assume that in future the improvement regarding human behaviour on LC could be made with cameras on LC and more frequent educational campaigns. This is the first reported use of field survey and video surveillance methods to analyse user behaviour at LCs in Croatia.     

Perceptions of older consumers regarding food packaging as a prerequisite for its improvement: A case study of Polish market

In many societies, the scale of demographic change associated with increased longevity has the potential to influence the market for consumer goods. As a result, continuous improvement in packaging design that takes into account the needs of older people should become an important challenge for both packaging producers and product manufacturers. Due to the fact that there is limited research concerning the design of food packaging for older people, the aim of the study was to identify the expectations of this group of consumers in this respect. Milk packaging was selected as a model subject of study. Factors influencing older consumers and their buying patterns when purchasing milk have been thoroughly examined. The research was conducted among people over the age of 60 with the use of three methods: a questionnaire (600 subjects), an in‐depth interview (60 subjects) and eye tracking (30 subjects). The results of the study show that older consumers have specific preferences regarding packaging type and design. When considering milk packaging, for example, they prefer glass bottles, simple graphics and font and subdued colours. They most frequently look for information concerning the product's expiration date, its producer's name and its composition. Eye tracking revealed that the older the consumers are, the more problems with finding expiration date they have. The time required to find such information, however, strongly depends on where exactly the expiration date is printed on the packaging. The preferred place in this case is the top of the bottle. Older consumers identify product's brand with the name of the producer. Moreover, the absence of the term ‘ingredients’: on the milk packaging oftentimes causes confusion among older people, who are concerned about potential food additive content.     

先进材料领域关键技术预见的研究

坚持创新在我国现代化建设全局中的核心地位，把科技自立自强作为国家发展的战略支撑，需要通过开展技术预见科学判断和前瞻把握先进材料领域的“卡脖子”问题、关键核心技术和未来发展趋势，回答先进材料如何保障国家经济建设、国防安全和人民群众对美好生活向往的一些关键性问题。本研究旨在综合利用无监督机器学习方法、复杂网络理论以及链路预测算法，开展先进材料领域的热点和前沿识别和技术预见，探索性识别出先进材料9个子领域的56个技术方向课题。同时组织开展德尔菲调查，依靠专家智慧，综合考量未来愿景、经济发展、国防建设和民生需求，遴选出面向2035年的10项优先发展技术方向，为党和政府科学决策服务、为推动创新驱动转型和国防安全提供重要的战略支撑。     

大数据时代中国政府统计调查体系改革研究

科学、合理的调查体系设计是保障各项调查工作顺利开展并保证调查数据质量的前提。当前大数据时代的来临,客观上要求我们在统计调查体系方面进行相应改革,以充分挖掘大数据在政府统计中的利用潜力。文章从思想意识、思维方式、工作作风、调查方法、调查手段、调查内容、调查项目、调查指标以及数据发布与后续分析等内外多角度对中国政府统计调查体系提出一系列改革设想。这套体系通过解决现行调查体系存在的各类问题,将传统的调查方法与新式的电子化记录数据结合起来,整合利用各类大数据资源,目标是更加准确、及时、全面和连续地产生各类宏观时间序列数据和微观纵向数据,以此推进中国统计管理体制的改革与发展。     

让高校创业孵化园成为大学生成功创业的助推器——基于在常州本科高校大学生创业现状的调查分析

依托大学生创新创业训练计划项目,对大学生创业现状进行调查,以期高校政府协作建设好大学生创业孵化园,让有创业意愿、优质创业项目的大学生进驻高校创业孵化园,通过孵化园良好的政策支持、场地优惠、环境氛围、资金筹措、技术指导、管理服务等助推大学生创业成功。