From gaze to dialogue: host–guest relationships in Lijiang,China, as illustrated by the case of Joseph F. Rock

The gaze places host and tourist in an “authority field” which is unfavorable to the development of harmonious interpersonal relationships and cultural interactions for both sides. Mutual, equal and just host–guest relationships should be established through dialogue, which will improve tourists’ understanding and experiences, awaken the hosts’ cultural consciousness and establish a new type of cultural interaction. The paper is based on analysis of the work and life experience of Joseph Rock in southwest China during 1922–1949. It uses content analysis to examine more than one thousand photos which contain visual representations of his gaze. The changing values of tourism to the ego and culture were revealed through a change in emphasis from “I–It” to “I–You” relationships as Rock turned from gaze to dialogue.     

沟通"传统"与"此在"的对话——谈钟嵘《诗品》的继往开来性

钟嵘的文学阐释理论,直接继承了传统诗学研究的优秀成果,并结合自己所处时代,对作家以优劣分品品评,提出了一系列具有开创性的文学批评理论。文章探讨了钟嵘《诗品》是如何对“传统”和“此在”进行沟通,并以此来宏大传统的文学空间的。     

经济学中的主流与非主流:历史考察与中国情境

主流与非主流经济学的对立是历史的产物,是19世纪未以来随着经济生活在社会生活中地位的上升和职业经济学家共同体的建立而出现的.在任何情况下,非主流经济学的存在都是非常必要的,多元主义是避免理论僵化的前提条件.主流与非主流经济学家应该展开更多的对话而不是对抗.中国经济学界目前出现了三种经济学范式:马克思主义经济学、新古典经济学和演化经济学.我们必须反对中国经济学发展的西方主流化趋势,但没有必要强调其他范式要占主流地位.中国经济学的未来发展方向应该是问题导向而不是范式导向的,这是由社会实在的性质所决定的,也是马克思主义的多元主义科学精神所要求的.因此,我们必须强调以马克思主义为指导,强调解决中国问题的能力.     

Worker participation in Barbados: contemporary practice and prospects

This paper explores the impact of several factors on current participation practice and the willingness of employers to introduce participation at work. Data were obtained from a cross-section of 93 organisations, obtained from a stratified sample of 200 organisations from various industries in Barbados.

Organisational size, industrial origin and union presence were not significant determinants of current participation practice. However, a cost reduction strategy was negatively associated with current participation governing management of people. Innovation-based strategies were positively related to willingness to introduce participation regarding the management of people. Perceived participation outcomes such as job satisfaction, increased joint benefits and reduced absenteeism were associated with current participation regarding the management of people as well as willingness to extend participation in the same area.     

Relationship Marketing and the Challenge of Dialogical Interaction

SUMMARY

Our aim in this article is to challenge relationship marketing's hidden monological assumptions, and as a redress, position dialogical interaction at its core. First, we reflect on the common sense of ‘marketing communication’. Next, we clarify the concept of ‘dialogue’. We then comment on the concept of dialogue in markets, building on Karl Popper's idea of an open society, followed by scrutiny of general marketing practice to show that such dialogue is absent. We then consider the potential for marketing to be dialogical in nature. To do this we will make a necessary distinction between informational interaction, communicational interaction, and dialogical interaction. Finally, we draw the conclusion that dialogue is not so much a method of communication but an orientation to it, and consider some implications for marketing theory and practice.     

America's Most Admired Companies Social Media Industry Divide

While public relations and marketing research has analyzed how companies are using individual social media channels, minimal research has explored an organization's social media presence across several channels or identified differences among industries. Using theoretical guidelines for best practices, this study does both by analyzing the complete list of Fortune's “America's Most Admired Companies” (N = 417) on Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube. Results found there were differences across industries regarding their adoption and integration of best practices into their social media accounts. A list of 20 gold standard companies is provided.     

对话即文化——对《盐铁论》对话传播之文化意蕴的一点阐释

《盐铁论》的话语特征特别是对话传播具有一种文化的内质和历史的生成性,＂贤良文学＂与＂大夫＂对话中儒家话语与法家话语的对立及其引用先贤话语的风格特点,均从话语即文化的的深层蕴涵上表征了汉代文化生态特征。     

Economic Democracy, Social Dialogue, and Ethical Analysis: Theory and Practice

The purpose of this article is to present in a summarized form a new approach to the ethical analysis of economic policies and to illustrate its importance with a reference to recent experiences of social dialogue in Costa Rica.A general view of the Latin American scenario is presented, with the belief that some of the main problems there observed call for a type of analysis like the one here proposed. In the second place, a brief characterization of this new ethical analysis is included.Democracy suffers from the existence of asymmetries in social and economic relationships, insofar as the success of political democracy cannot be neither understood nor built up independently from economic democracy. The strengthening of democratic processes in Latin America requires a better understanding and consolidation of the relationship between political democracy and economic democracy. On the other hand, present orientation of globalization makes of the international environment an obstacle to realize democracy at a national level. Hence, two focus of interest arise for the ethical analysis of economics at the macroeconomic level: the study of the ethical conditions of participation for each country in the globalization process, and the realization of an economic democracy within each particular country.After identifying both lines of reflection, this article summarizes the theoretical basis of a proposal for the ethical analysis of economic policy making. This approach attempts to answer the challenges of economic democratization. Centered on the ethical dimension of these processes, and from the point of view of a dialogical ethics, stress is given to those aspects of the process which will guarantee the ethical character of the consequences. This is a methodological approach which tries to discover the ethical values feasible within the economic policies and, at the same time, to go in greater depth in the construction of democratic practices. Rooted in the Latin American regional reality, this academic reflection is just in its beginning and must be considered as complementary to the business ethics analysis already developed in Latin America and Spain.A reference to recent experiences of social dialogue in Costa Rica gives the theoretical presentation a support for the acceptance of its realization in practice.     

Social Contracting in a Pluralist Process of Moral Sense Making: A Dialogic Twist on the ISCT

This paper applies Wempe’s (2005, Business Ethics Quarterly 15(1), 113–135) boundary conditions that define the external and internal logics for contractarian business ethics theory, as a system of argumentation for evaluating current or prospective institutional arrangements for arriving at the “good life,” based on the principles and practices of social justice. It does so by showing that a more dynamic, process-oriented, and pluralist ‘dialogic twist’ to Donaldson and Dunfee’s (2003, ‘Social Contracts: sic et non’, in P. Heugens, H. van Oosterhout and J. Vromen (eds.), The Social Institutions of Capitalism: Evolution and Design of Social Contracts (Cheltenham, UK, Edward Elgar Publishing, Ltd.) pp. 109–126; 1999, Ties that Bind: A Social Contracts Approach to Business Ethics (Boston, MA, Harvard Business School Press); 1995, Economics and Philosophy 11(1), 85–112; 1994, Academy of Management Review 19(2), 252–284.) integrated social contracting theory (ISCT) of economic ethics will further develop this promising and influential approach to moral reasoning, ethical decision-making, and stakeholder governance. This evolutionary, interactive learning-based model of ethical norm generation via dialogic stakeholder engagement is particularly appropriate within economic communities that are experiencing value conflict and pressures for institutional change.Jerry M. Calton is Professor of Management at the University of Hawaii at Hilo. His research interests encompass multi-stakeholder learning dialogue, trust-based network governance, and the social contracting approach to ethical decision-making. His publications have appeared in the Journal of Business Ethics, Business & Society, Business Ethics Quarterly, the Journal of Corporate Citizenship, and elsewhere.     

数字孪生水利技术赋能河长制的实现路径与对策

作为生态文明体制改革的创新举措,河长制逐渐成为建设幸福河湖、助力新阶段水利高质量发展的重要内容,但在实践过程中,存在河长履职不到位、协同治理机制不力、公众参与度不高等问题,河长制实施效果欠佳。基于对既有理论研究和实践经验的系统梳理和归纳,分析孪生水利技术赋能河长制的实现路径,探讨数字孪生技术在河长制管理机制创新中的协同作用和可能面临的问题与挑战,并提出相应的对策建议。研究结果表明:数字孪生技术可以与河长制在专业知识、快速响应、协同合作、公众参与和多元联动等方面发挥协同作用,为河长制现存问题提供解决路径;应建立完善的数据管理体系、充分的研发经费投入、平衡的人机关系、开放式的数字孪生公共服务平台等,建成与河长制工作更适配的数字孪生系统,全面赋能河长制发展。