近10年日本宏观经济的理论分析与展望

近10年日本经济停滞不前，一方面对外经济状况不佳：日元对美元汇率技术下跌。且不断加剧；出口增长放缓，贸易顺差连续下滑，另一方面国内宏观经济状况严峻；失业率不断上升，内需不振；通货紧缩逐步加深；工业增长持续低迷，工业生产与效益下降，究其原因，用内外均衡模型理论分析得出，日本经济没有达到均衡的0点，内外均衡遭到了破坏，而展望今后的日本经济和日元走势，基于日本财政状况的恶化及货币政策的失效，估计还不会导致资本的大量外流。也不会对资本流动产生重要的影响，而结构改革也将可能引致日元升值。     

如何看待中韩贸易中韩国顺差现象

上世纪90年代中国经济的高速增长和中韩建交为双边贸易提供了新的增长契机。中国加入世贸组织后,双边贸易规模进一步加大。由于韩国对中国的货物贸易顺差呈逐年扩大之势,两国闻的贸易摩擦不断升级。为此,我国应改善产业结构,促进资本和技术密集型产业发展;打造我国品牌经济;成立中韩经济合作委员会。     

基于案例学习的知识管理系统

简单了介绍知识管理的特点以及知识管理系统具有的功能,说明将基于案例的推理技术(CBR)和其它机器学习技术结合起来应用于知识管理系统的必要性和有效性,并在此基础上提出一种基于案例学习的知识管理系统的实现框架。     

On the conceptual foundations of financial reporting

Standard setters advocate a balance sheet approach to financial reporting, which views assets and liabilities as primary, and income as just the derivative change in net assets. This paper argues that income is conceptually and practically better described as ‘adjusted net cash flows,’ where the adjustments are the accounting accruals. One proof of that is seen in the existence of whole accounting systems like tax accounting and national income accounting, which emphasize the determination of income but have no balance sheets. The paper also argues that an income-based approach to financial reporting is by nature better suited to reflect the success of advancing cash to earn more cash, which defines what for-profit entities do. There are two main features of the income-based approach. One is attention on the cash flows as the natural foundation for financial reporting because they are precisely determined, and provide a clear link to firm valuation. The other is attention on the accounting accruals, which serve to adjust the raw cash flows to better show the current success of investing cash to ultimately earn more cash. Specifically, the paper argues for revenue recognition which is close to current practice, and for expense recognition which is aligned with the matching principle.     

The role of corrosive internalisation and denial of responsibility in stabilising inequality in South Africa

ABSTRACT

This paper examines how capabilities inequality is stabilised through its consequences on those at both ends of the distribution. It outlines the development of the balance model, which is argued to help highlight these consequences. Specifically, how adverse environments associated with lack of access to resources and poor treatment can lead to internal consequences which further corrode capabilities. At the same time, denial of this corrosion or its importance is critical for those who benefit from the inequality. To avoid moral constraints being triggered it is important, necessary even, for them to see those who suffer as outside of their moral universe, or their suffering to be in no way associated with their advantage. Corrosion and denial work to stabilise the system. For those in the middle of the distribution, they may work to do so in combination. Appreciating these internalised consequences is key to addressing inequality in South Africa.     

FX Intervention in the New Keynesian Model

We develop an open-economy New Keynesian Model with foreign exchange (FX) intervention in the presence of a financial accelerator and shocks to risk appetite in international capital markets. We obtain closed-form solutions for optimal monetary and FX intervention policies assuming the central bank cannot commit to future policies, and we compare the solution to that under policy commitment. We show how FX intervention can help reduce the volatility of the exchange rate, of inflation, and of the output gap, thus mitigating welfare losses associated with shocks in the international capital markets. We also show that, when the financial accelerator is strong, there is a risk of indeterminacy (self-fulfilling currency and inflation movements) although FX intervention can reduce this risk and thus reinforce the credibility of the inflation targeting regime. Model simulations match well the impact of a VIX shock obtained by local projections on a panel of inflation targeting emerging markets.     

矿产开发产生的负债与核算

鉴于负债的确认和核算是自然资源资产负债表编制的重点和难点,文章以国内外矿产资源资产负债的存在及其表现为线索进行分析与探讨,研究矿产资源开发产生负债运行机理和负债核算范围及内容等,揭示出矿产资源在其负外部性作用下形成负债的机理,并根据负外部性效应将矿产资源开发产生的负债划分为耗竭性负债、生态环境负债和安全负债,同时将耗竭性负债、生态环境负债和安全负债的核算范围与现有法律法规相衔接,提高负债核算的可操作性和可推广性,为自然资源资产负债表编制和维护国家所有者权益提供技术支撑。     

Retrospect of the Chinese Exchange Rate Regime after Reform： Stylized Facts during the Period from 2005 to 2010

In the present paper, we estimate the de facto RMB exchange rate regime, the currency basket, the floating band and the foreign exchange market pressure before and after the reform of the Chinese exchange rate regime in 2005. We find the following stylized facts： the value of the RAIB became stable after the reform; the weight of the US dollar remained high in the basket, while other currencies remained statistically significant; and the floating band gradually increased to lO percent during 2005-2008, and then greatly narrowed from the late summer of 2008 under the assumption of a yearly resetting interval. We find that the foreign exchange market pressure increased from 2005 to 2008. A possible reason is that the weight of the US dollar in the basket was slightly lower than the share of the US dollar in total transactions on the Chinese foreign exchange market. Therefore, it is reasonable for China to adopt a dollar peg exchange rate regime.     

数控机床技术消化吸收限制因子分析研究

目前在我国数控机床引进技术消化吸收方面存在不足,主要限制因子有资金限制因子、人员限制因子、实施限制因子等。这些限制因子可分为主观和客观两类。     

公路施工企业机械设备管理模式探析

文章对公路施工企业机械设备管理面临的问题、管理模式及重要性等内容进行了具体的探析。