河北省制造业竞争力测评与实证研究

河北省制造业近年来有了非常大的发展,但也存在盲目投资、重复建设、产业竞争力资源极度分散、高技术产业含量严重偏低等问题。构建河北省制造业竞争力模型分析得出:制定河北省制造业发展规划时应加大对固定资产的投入和对外商直接投资的引进力度,加快城市化建设和提高工人报酬等。     

Estimating switching costs after introducing Fixed-Mobile Convergence in Japan

In this study, based on a conjoint-type survey analysis, the switching cost of several Japanese telecom services are empirically examined simultaneously, contingent on each carrier’s bundling strategies. The results suggest the following conclusions. The hierarchy of switching costs is mobile phone service, fixed phone service, ISP (Internet Service Provider), and broadband access service, in descending order. Even if the government prohibits the formerly state-owned monopoly NTT from forming alliances with other carriers, the legacy NTT group would still command more than half of the market share under FMC if each carrier adopts a pure bundling strategy. If mixed bundling emerges as the primary strategy in the FMC market, the resulting type of competition from the introduction of FMC does not stimulate competitive pricing.     

基于终端消费的旅游碳足迹测算——以江西省为例

低碳旅游是生态旅游的定量化研究方式之一,其核心是旅游碳足迹的测算.根据已有碳排放模型,文章建立了两大旅游碳足迹模型:综合模型(1)可测算区域时间和空间跨度的旅游碳足迹,而行业模型(4)则能进一步分析各旅游部门的碳足迹.并以江西为例实证研究,结果表明:2007年江西省旅游碳足迹总量为379.172万吨～395.83万吨,其中国内旅游碳足迹占95%以上;平均旅游碳足迹54.09千克/人次～56.46千克/人次;旅游六大部门的碳排放比例依次为旅游交通碳足迹占总量的37.84%,购物占15%,住宿占10.28%,餐饮占8.78%,游览占4.73%,娱乐占4.06%;影响旅游碳足迹总体变化的关键因子主要有碳排放系数K<,n>、能源强度系数E<,n>等因素,且其定值决定了研究的最终结果.     

湖北省两大贫困区PPT战略模式比较

在湖北大别山区和大鄂西地区,是湖北省实施PPT战略的重点地区,但由于地区经济、交通状况、资源特性等原因,两地的PPT战略模式有所不同。大别山区应发展环城市旅游休闲度假模式,而大鄂西地区应以神农架自然保护区、武当山世界文化遗产为核心发展专项旅游精品模式。文章就这两个发展模式的基本要素进行了比较研究,并提出了各自的开发思路。     

Does sport make you happy? An analysis of the well‐being derived from sports participation

This paper examines the impact of sports participation upon the subjective well‐being of individuals. Encouraging participation in sports activity is now an important public policy issue, as it is argued that there are benefits in terms of health and well‐being to individuals as well as to society through externalities. Controlling for personal and socio‐demographic characteristics affecting well‐being, this paper examines if participation in, and the frequency and duration of, 67 sports activities affects well‐being. The form in which sports participation takes place is also investigated by examining if social‐interaction sports produce more well‐being. This paper demonstrates that sports participation has a positive affect upon the subjective well‐being of the population and, moreover, estimates its monetary value. The effects are larger if one allows for social interactions.     

OUTPUT FLUCTUATIONS PERSISTENCE: DO CYCLICAL SHOCKS MATTER?

The aim of this paper is to identify the different sources of persistence of output fluctuations. We propose an unobserved components model that allows us to decompose GDP series into a trend component and a cyclical component. We let the drift of the trend component switch between different regimes according to a first‐order Markov process. To calculate an appropriate p‐value for a test of linearity we propose a bootstrap procedure, which allows for general forms of heteroscedasticity. The performance of the bootstrap is checked by means of a Monte Carlo simulation. Our study concerns the USA. We find that cyclical shocks appear to play an important role on the observed persistence of output.     

基于引力模型与0-1规划模型的省域经济区划——以江苏省为例

借助2008年统计数据,采用主成分法得到江苏各地级城市综合质量指数值;根据运输的时间成本与货币成本,计算江苏地级城市间经济距离;运用引力修正模型计算江苏地级城市间相互引力,并结合0-1规划模型划分经济区;依据经济区内县域间三次产业结构差异度与位置邻近性,划分经济亚区。研究表明：①江苏省可分为宁镇扬泰、苏锡常通、徐连宿、淮盐等4大经济区和15个经济亚区。②各城市连接的地区个数遵循Zipf定律,作为一、二级节点的南京和苏州统领全省经济空间网络,而南通、宿迁、盐城没有显著的联系对象。③江苏经济区空间分布逐渐由南北向格局转为南部呈东西向、北部呈南北向的格局。④各经济区内城市间的引力相差悬殊,南部较大,北部较小。省域尺度的经济区划,可为我国将来划分标准经济区奠定基础,也可为优化全省劳动地域分工格局提供依据。     

基于钱纳里模型的中国经济结构研究——来自1978～2009年的经验证据

自20世纪80年代以来,中国经济一直处于高速增长态势,即使2008年席卷全球经济的国际金融危机也没有阻碍其增长步伐。研究经济增长对经济结构优化的影响具有重要意义0以钱纳里的经济结构分析模型为出发点,运用中国1978～2009年的真实数据实证分析了经济增长和就业人数两大因素对经济结构的影响,并使用弹性系数指标对影响程度进行细致刻画。从实证结论中得到如下启示：一是应继续解放和发展生产力,以经济的高速增长带动经济结构升级和优化;二是保持产业结构按“二、三、一”顺序发展,加强对第三产业的投入;三是通过发展第二、三产业来解决就业压力问题;四是促进经济和谐增长,积极转变经济增长方式。     

Biological conservation in dynamic agricultural landscapes: Effectiveness of public policies and trade-offs with agricultural production

Land use change and land management intensification are major drivers of biodiversity loss, especially in agricultural landscapes, that cover a large and increasing share of the world's surface. Incentive-based agri-environmental policies are designed to influence farmers' land-use decisions in order to mitigate environmental degradation. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of agri-environmental schemes for biological conservation in a dynamic agricultural landscape under economic uncertainty. We develop a dynamic ecological economic model of agricultural land-use and spatially explicit population dynamics. We then relate policies (subsidies to grassland, taxation of agricultural intensity) to the ecological outcome (probability of persistence of a species of interest). We also analyze the associated trade-offs between agricultural production (in value) and biological conservation (in probability of persistence) at the landscape scale.     

Negative externalities on property values resulting from water impairment: The case of the Pigeon River Watershed

The objective of this research was to determine whether willingness to bear the negative externality from water quality impairment differs between those who do and those who do not receive economic benefit from the impairment source. Differences were tested using a hedonic analysis of ambient water quality in two discrete housing markets in the Pigeon River Watershed, which have been polluted by the operation of a paper mill. The results suggest that North Carolina residents residing in subwatersheds with impaired portions of the Pigeon River, who experience economic benefit from the paper mill in addition to its harmful effects on water quality, do perceive the pollution as a negative externality. In contrast, the effects of both the degraded river and its contributing streams on property values are perceived as negative externalities by watershed residents in Tennessee who experience only harmful effects from the pollution. Differences in willingness to bear the water-impairment externality were not indicated by variables representing view of and proximity to impaired water bodies. The results suggest that the perception of water quality to which property owners implicitly apply value should be considered when establishing water-quality regulations.