基于多维剥夺的城市社区公共设施空间分布及类型特征研究

随着中国经济社会结构加速转变,社区日益成为社会治理的着力点。虽然中国的社区建设已经取得了一些实质性的成绩,但在其建设过程中存在设施配置的差异化,打造共建共治共享的社会治理格局是当前城市建设的重中之重。以乌鲁木齐市为研究对象,基于乌鲁木齐市城市社区设施社会经济统计数据、网络兴趣点（POI）数据和路网数据,分析城市各区县社区设施数量特征,通过构建单一维度剥夺指数和多维剥夺指数,探讨城市社区设施的空间剥夺程度及类型划分。结果表明：①数量上看,乌鲁木齐市社区公共设施分布不均衡,新市区最多,在6类不同设施中,购物及商业服务设施数量最多;②单维度剥夺指数的结果分析表明,6类设施对应的单维剥夺指数整体从城市中心向外围空间递增,但不同剥夺维度呈现不同空间格局,具有明显的空间异质性特征;③多维剥夺指数在空间上的分布主要呈现“中心低、外围高”的格局,城市西南部的剥夺指数稍大于东北部区域,当延伸到绕城高速附近时,多维剥夺值明显上升;④运用地理探测器中的分异及因子探测和交互作用探测,购物及商业服务对多维剥夺指数空间分异的解释力最强,将多维剥夺程度高的社区划分为4种类型,即教育交通剥夺型、体育服务剥夺型、教育医疗剥夺型和体育教育剥夺型。通过对社区设施空间格局及其剥夺的分析,为解决社区设施空间剥夺问题提出对策和建议。     

重点国有林区多维贫困的测度

基于2013年重点国有林区民生监测项目的调研数据,运用A-F多维贫困测量方法,从教育、健康和生活水平3个维度共8个指标对重点国有林区的多维贫困进行测量,并对指标和地区进行分解。测量结果表明:重点国有林区有35.7%的职工住户家庭存在至少3个指标的贫困。指数分解结果表明:卫生设施、饮用水和生活燃料3个指标对重点国有林区多维贫困指数的贡献率最大;四大国有森工林区都存在不同程度的多维贫困,其中内蒙古森工林区的多维贫困状况最为严重。研究认为,应从多个维度改善重点国有林区的贫困状况,加大对教育、健康、卫生设施、住房等多方面的扶贫力度。     

职业语文：高校语文教育的多维度延伸

职业语文将职业活动与语言应用有机融合在一起，这样语文教育将由传统的“知识传授、能力训练”两个维度延伸为“认识事物、与人共处、处理信息与展开思维”四个维度。强调突出了理解、解释在语言能力生成机制中的作用，强调在具体的语境中进行对话，建构思想，为学生的语言能力生成提供合理的、可靠的文化背景。     

LATTICE OPTION PRICING BY MULTIDIMENSIONAL INTERPOLATION

This paper proposes a method for pricing high-dimensional American options based on modern methods of multidimensional interpolation. The method allows using sparse grids and thus mitigates the curse of dimensionality. A framework of the pricing algorithm and the corresponding interpolation methods are discussed, and a theorem is demonstrated, which suggests that the pricing method is less vulnerable to the curse of dimensionality. The method is illustrated by an application to rainbow options and compared to least squares Monte Carlo and other benchmarks.     

Psychometric Properties of the Reidenbach–Robin Multidimensional Ethics Scale

The factor structure of the Multidimensional Ethics Scale (MES; Reidenbach and Robin: 1988, Journal of Business Ethics 7, 871–879; 1990, Journal of Business Ethics 9, 639–653) was examined for the 8-item short form (N = 328) and the original 30-item pool (N = 260). The objectives of the study were: to verify the dimensionality of the MES; to increase the amount of true cross-scenario variance through the use of 18 scenarios varying in moral intensity (Jones: 1991, Academy of Management Review 16, 366–395); and, to examine the items for measurement precision using item-response theory (IRT) methods. Results of confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis failed to conclusively support the hypothesized 3- (short form) or 5-factor (long form) structure; both instruments were instead dominated by a general factor. Item response theory analyses using Samejima’s (1969, Psychometrika Monograph Supplement 34, (4, Pt. 2)) graded response model revealed that many items in the 30-item pool performed very well, and suggested that a different collection of items be used to form a short-form version of the MES. Our proposed 10-item instrument includes more discriminating items than the 8-item version, and has the added advantage of including two items from each of the five ethical philosophies represented in the original 30-item pool. Joan M. McMahon is an Assistant Professor of Management in the School of Business at Christopher Newport University, teaching courses in Organizational Behavior, Leadership, and Human Resources. She has a B.A. in Speech from the State University of New York, College at Oneonta; an M.Ed. In Early Childhood Education from James Madison University; and an M.S. and Ph.D. in Industrial/Organizational Psychology from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Robert J. Harvey is an Associate Professor of Psychology at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. He has a B.A. in Psychology and an M.A. in Experimental Psychology from the University of Missouri at Kansas City, and a Ph.D. in Industrial/Organizational Psychology from Ohio State University. Dr. Harvey has authored a number of articles in the Journal of Applied Psychology, the Journal of Personality Assessment, Personnel Psychology, and others. He is the author of the chapter on job analysis in the Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology.     

Multidimensional generalized Gini indices

Summary. The axioms that characterize the generalized Gini social evaluation orderings for one-dimensional distributions are extended to the multidimensional attributes case. A social evaluation ordering is shown to have a two-stage aggregation representation if these axioms and a separability assumption are satisfied. In the first stage, the distributions of each attribute are aggregated using generalized Gini social evaluation functions. The functional form of the second-stage aggregator depends on the number of attributes and on which version of a comonotonic additivity axiom is used. The implications of these results for the corresponding multidimensional indices of relative and absolute inequality are also considered.Received: 20 August 2003, Revised: 26 May 2004, JEL Classification Numbers: D63. Correspondence to: John A. WeymarkWe are grateful to our referee for his or her comments.     

Systematic risk estimation in the presence of large and many outliers

It is well recognized that the effect of extreme points on systematic risk estimates is not adequately captured through least squares estimation. This article uses the reweighted least median squares (RWLMS) approach, first proposed by Rousseeuw (1984), which accurately detects outlier presence. Using a large sample of 1350 NYSE/AMEX firms, the article demonstrates that least squares does indeed mask several potentially influential points, that this masking is very pervasive over the sample, and that it may persist even after conventional robust estimation techniques are applied. When these masked points are “unmasked” by RWLMS and zero weights assigned to such observations, the resulting RWLMS estimates of beta are on average 10%–15% smaller. However, a Bayesian treatment of such points (assigning a priori nonzero weights) is possible in both one and two factor market models.     

河南省服务业支柱产业选择研究——基于多维面板数据的因子分析

河南省服务业发展长期处于落后地位,为此,选择和培育服务业支柱产业对于引导和推动河南省服务业发展起着至关重要的作用。通过选取2006—2012年十四类服务行业数据,采用多维面板数据的因子分析方法,从产业规模、产业增长潜力、产业竞争优势、产业经济效益四个层面对河南省各服务行业发展水平进行评价,并结合河南省经济和资源实际状况,最终选择了批发和零售业、金融业、教育、住宿和餐饮业、交通运输和仓储及邮政业等行业作为河南省服务业支柱产业。     

On the power of indicators: how the choice of fuel poverty indicator affects the identification of the target population

In light of the creation of the EU Energy Poverty Observatory (EPOV) in January 2018 and the increase in debates on how fuel poverty is measured, we propose a critical analysis of fuel poverty indicators and demonstrate that choosing a given indicator is central to the identification of the fuel-poorpopulation.

First, we conducted an inter-indicator analysis to show how profiles of fuel-poor households vary depending on the indicator selected. We designed a multidimensional approach based on a multiple correspondence analysis and a hierarchical and partitioning clustering analysis to study characteristics of fuel-poor households. We highlight the difficulty of identifying a fuel-poor ‘typical profile’ and show that the composition of the population depends on the choice of the indicator.

Second, we applied an intra-indicator analysis using two objective expenditure-based indicators with thresholds. In particular, we conducted a sensitivity analysis based on a logit model including variables describing household and dwelling characteristics. We show that the profiles of fuel-poor households as well as the drivers of fuel poverty vary considerably with the chosen threshold level.Given these findings, we stress the need to review how we currently rely on conventional fuel poverty indicators to identify target groups and give some recommendations.