关联理论在杨译《儒林外史》中的显映

关联理论认为翻译是一种语用概念,译者要进行动态的推理,找到最佳关联性,获得语境效果,从而实现准确翻译。杨译《儒林外史》广泛使用了关联理论。     

克服语境抗译性在扭转翻译过度变形中的应用

翻译过程中译作发生变形或错位是无法避免的,本文从转移上下文语境、构建情景语境和转换社会文化语境三个方面出发,探讨如何克服语境抗译性来扭转翻译过度变形。     

语境对语篇功能的多元制约效应

系统功能语言学的语境理论认为,语篇中语境因素对语篇功能有多元制约作用.从情景语境(话语范围、话语基调和话语方式)与文化语境的角度来看,不同语境因素对语篇功能的三个方面(主位结构、信息结构和衔接)分别产生影响.语篇中语境和语言的语篇功能是一种多元对应关系.     

Beyond R&D activities: the determinants of firms’ absorptive capacity explaining the access to scientific institutes in low–medium-tech contexts

A firm's search strategy is to use innovation inputs from external sources such as suppliers, clients, competitors, universities and research transfer offices (RTOs) to complement their in-house knowledge. Thus, a firm needs to be capable of identifying and valuing the potential value of certain external knowledge, i.e. absorptive capacity. Most of the studies regarding search patterns are reduced mostly to medium–high- and high-tech industries in which only the level of investment in R&D activities as determinant of a firm's search strategy is considered. In addition, when the flows of external knowledge arise from firm–university interactions, the evidence is still inconclusive, specifically for SMEs and low–medium-tech environments. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to explore the pattern of a firm's search strategy through its absorptive capacity to acquire external flows of knowledge from universities and RTOs. The paper draws especially on the role of non-R&D innovation activities in low–medium-tech sectors. Seven hundred and forty three innovative firms from the Spanish Ministry of Industry are analysed. Results suggest that human resources and other non-R&D activities are the core drivers explaining the cooperation agreements to access external knowledge from universities and RTOs. Surprisingly, R&D expenditures do not contribute to the explanation. This paper presents important implications for policy-makers beyond the classic R&D policies.     

领导行为中的情绪感染研究述评

近年来,情绪感染理论在领导行为研究领域得到了很大重视和发展。情绪感染理论的引入为企业管理研究提供了独特的视角。领导行为中情绪感染的影响因素包括交往双方的个人差异和个人以外的情景因素两个方面。交往双方在情绪表现力和情绪敏感度两个方面的个人差异均有可能对情绪感染产生影响。领导行为中情绪感染研究的研究方法有情绪唤起水平与传递的处理、领导者—追随者关系的确定以及数据资料采集方法三个方面。今后国内学者可以从深化个体差异和情景因素对领导行为中情绪感染过程的影响研究,领导行为中的情绪感染研究需要综合各种研究方法,着眼于领导理论的发展来开展未来研究等方面深入探讨领导行为中的情绪感染。     

CEO Succession Mechanisms,Organizational Context,and Performance: A Socio‐Emotional Wealth Perspective on Family‐Controlled Firms

This article extends the literature on CEO succession and financial performance by addressing corporate owners' mixed motives and desires to protect their interest in being in business. We draw on a Socio‐Emotional Wealth (SEW) perspective to investigate how the choice of one of three succession mechanisms – relay succession, ‘horse races’ among internal CEO candidates, and hiring from outside – may effectively balance trade‐offs between corporate owners' non‐financial SEW motives and the firm's financial performance. We find that implementing one of these succession mechanisms reduces the negative impact that typically characterizes CEO transitions in family firms. We also show that family presence on the board of directors offsets the benefits of having selected these balancing succession mechanisms, in either placing too much emphasis on SEW, or creating negative dynamics that make the chosen succession mechanisms less effective.     

产学研合作到协同创新的研究脉络与进展——基于文献计量分析

利用文献计量学的统计分析方法,揭示了产学研合作研究向协同创新研究的演进脉络,探讨了协同创新研究的进展和方向。根据产学研合作和协同创新主题下文献关键词的知识图谱及相关分析结果,发现主体间关系从合作转向协同、组织方式从创新网络转向创新生态系统、产学研与协同创新结合成为一个具有特定涵义和现实背景的研究领域。最后指出进一步的研究方向和趋势:深入分析产学研合作和协同创新的知识增值过程;分析协同创新过程的动态演化模式和动态机理;加强对以基于异质知识的知识增值为核心的产学研协同创新有效性的认识。     

Entrepreneurial activity in the informal economy: a missing piece of the entrepreneurship jigsaw puzzle

This paper takes stock of the current debate around the informal sector and informal entrepreneurship. Informal entrepreneurship represents a worldwide characteristic of entrepreneurial activity, the main distinguishing feature of which is that it is operating outside the law. Since what is legal can vary considerably between countries, studies of entrepreneurship which exclude informal activity must be considered partial. Moreover, it can be argued that the distinction between formal and informal is not black and white but rather shades of grey. Although informal economic activity is often more prominent in developing countries and transition economies, it is by no means confined to them. There are parts of the UK, for example, where local economies are dependent upon informal employment and for many goods and services. More generally, much of the home-based economic activities, such as cleaning, painting and decorating and other services, are typically provided, at least partially, in the informal sector. As a consequence, it is difficult to argue against including informal activity as part of the study of entrepreneurship, and particularly where the entrepreneurial potential of an economy is being assessed.     

The determinants of pay settlements: the influence of the national context

This article studies the influence of national context and collective bargaining on the factors taken into account when adjusting wages. Using data from Spanish and British manufacturing establishments, we examine the relative importance of the cost of living, the ability to recruit or retain employees, the financial performance of the organisation and the industrial relations climate on wage adjustments of manual workers at the establishment level. Our findings show that there are significant differences on the importance given to these factors in both countries. In part, these are related to differences in the incidence of collective bargaining.     

Factors helping the HR function gain greater acceptance for its proposals and innovations: evidence from Spain†

On the basis of the sense-making and sense-giving literature, this study addresses factors helping the HR function gain greater acceptance by employees for its proposals and innovations. Using an original sample of 298 employees from nine firms in Spain, we find that HR department credibility is only one of the factors that influence employees' acceptance. Other essential elements are top management and supervisor support. We also investigate the consequences that differential levels of support from supervisors and top managers can have for the acceptance of HR innovations, and we find that supervisor support carries more weight than that of top managers. Finally, we explore variations in the importance of the HR function credibility as an acceptance enabler under different organizational innovation climates. The results suggest that HR credibility plays an essential role independently of climate.