土地价格与企业创新——来自微观数据的证据

近年来,中国土地出让价格迅速攀升,对企业行为产生了重要的影响。本文利用土地交易的微观数据,采用工具变量的方法研究了土地价格上涨对于工业企业创新的影响。研究发现土地价格上涨会减少企业申请专利的数量。其原因在于地价上涨缩紧了企业的资金约束,并影响了企业的资源配置,造成企业减少研发投入。异质性研究表明,高地价对位于产业园区的企业、国有企业的不利影响更小,但是对创新型试点城市中的企业的抑制作用更强。     

区域性专利信息管理与利用研究——以湖南省为例

通过对湖南省知识产权优势企业专利信息利用情况的调查,分析了湖南省专利信息利用存在的问题,提出了区域专利信息利用发展规划的目标定位和重点任务,为提升区域专利信息利用绩效提供了参考。     

Patterns of technology life cycles: stochastic analysis based on patent citations

Patent analysis has been considered as an effective means of estimating phases of a technology life cycle. However, previous studies have not considered the dynamic and idiosyncratic aspects of a technology’s progression since they were based on deterministic methods, mainly fitting s- or double s-shaped curves to patent application counts. Moreover, previous methods cannot be executed at the individual patent level. We propose a stochastic technology life cycle analysis to trace the phases of a technology’s progression based on patent citations and identify the patterns of technology life cycles at the individual patent level. At the heart of the proposed approach are a hidden Markov model to estimate the probability of a system being at a certain hidden state from observation and cluster analysis to group a set of objects according to their similarities. A case study of patents about laser technology in lithography is presented.     

运用知识产权制度促进品牌建设与保护研究

知识产权制度是企业进行品牌建设的重要支撑和法律保障,在市场经济条件下,运用好知识产权制度是企业发展的必然趋势,也是企业进行品牌保护的重要手段。本文通过研究知识产权制度在品牌的定位、培育、维护三个阶段中所起到的作用,结合企业在现实中遇到的知识产权问题,对知识产权制度和品牌建设与保护的关系进行相关的探讨。     

新上市专利药的定价方法

目的为完善我国新上市专利药品价格管理提供参考,特研究新上市专利药品定价方法。方法总结我国现阶段专利药品价格管理方式,讨论不足之处。结果与讨论提出药物经济学定价的方法。     

美、日企业专利战略及其对我国企业的启示与借鉴

美日企业在专利战略运用上存在相当多的经验。它们在专利战略的推行上从国家政策上均给予了充分保障,如美国将专利等知识产权问题与对外贸易挂钩,控制他国市场;通过一系列政策法规调整,维护技术的垄断优势。日本通过专利政策立法为专利战略实施提供法律环境。在企业层面上两国积累了丰富的经验,值得我国借鉴。     

More is better: evidence that joint patenting leads to quality innovation

Joint ownership of a patent is most often viewed by firms as a second-best option compared to single, monopoly ownership. However, the results of this article suggest that there may be reason for businesses and policymakers to incentivize joint patenting behaviour. This is because, joint patent ownership is found to positively impact the quality of an innovation (as measured by forward patent citations). In addition, the degree of quality increases with the number of patent owners. Since past research confirms the important links between patent quality and ongoing innovation, and between innovation and growth, those factors that impact patent quality are deserving of attention. Economic research on joint patenting is currently limited, but we hope to shed light on the importance of expanding dialogue on this topic.     

基于专利分析的产业共性技术识别概念框架

在重新定义产业共性技术的基础上,初步构建了经由综合文本挖掘、德温特手工代码共现、专利引用3个环节而确立的产业共性技术识别概念框架。该框架从3个评估视角———技术基础性、技术应用范围及技术社会效益,对产业共性技术的3个特性进行逐步识别,最终筛选出产业共性技术。     

The patterns of patents in China

Innovations are a key driver of long-term economic growth. There has been an explosion of patent filings in China in the past three decades. But empirical studies on the pattern of innovations at the firm level are rather scant primarily due to lack of firm-specific patent data. We have made concerted efforts to match Chinese patent data with a large firm-level database. The matched dataset enables us to examine the patterns of patents at the firm level. Our analysis has revealed several interesting patterns: (1) domestic firms have become increasingly more innovative in terms of patent application; (2) private firms, rather than state-owned enterprises, have been the engine of innovation; (3) rising wages have propelled labor-intensive sectors to become more innovative; and (4) in response to increasing sex ratio imbalances, firms in female-intensive industries have exhibited more innovations than those in male-intensive industries.     

Micro evidence on international patenting

Globalization, high growth rates in high-tech industries, growing emerging markets and harmonization of patent institutions across countries have stimulated patenting in foreign markets. We use a simple model of international patenting, where the decision to patent in a foreign country depends on country characteristics and the quality of the patented invention. With access to a detailed database on individual patents owned by small Swedish firms and inventors, we are able to estimate some of these relationships and test their validity. Our results indicate that the propensity to apply for international patent protection increases with indicators of the quality of the invention, technological rivalry and market size in the host market.