The influence of neighborhood environment and household travel interactions on school travel behavior: an exploration using geographically-weighted models

Professional and popular interest in active school transportation (walking and cycling) is matched by an emerging literature on this topic. This paper explores school travel behavior of 11-year old children in Toronto, Canada. In particular, the effects of the neighborhood environment and caregiver-child travel interactions on travel mode choice were studied. Results indicate that the built environment near both home and school locations was associated with the odds of walking. However, predicted built environment effects were less accurate in some neighborhoods. Availability of adults at the time of school travel likely encouraged driving. School transportation interventions that broadly consider school and neighborhood-oriented policies and enable independent mobility may increase walking rates. Presence of spatial autocorrelation in the prevalence of walking suggests that more research is required to understand inter-household similarities in behaviors that are spatially structured.     

论塑料排水管的特点及其在市政工程中的应用

随着我国城市化进程的加快,面对人口资源和环境的压力,为确保国民经济的可持续发展,我国政府在逐年加大对城市基础设施的投入。市政工程管网建设不断加快,各种排水管道的品种规格在不断的增加。塑料材料作为一种新型的化学建材得到了迅速发展,尤其是小口径结构壁管发展更快。排水管道是市政工程建设中一项重要的基础设施。在分析市政排水管道应用现状的基础上,文章探讨了市政工程中常用的塑料排水管道的类型及其优点,展望市政排水管道应用未来发展趋势。     

燃气管道防雷设计的基本原则和方法

本文首先分析了燃气管道可能遭受雷击的主要通道,然后提出了堵塞这些主要危害通道的基本思路和基本技术要求,并对燃气管道防雷设计的基本原则和方法作了详尽的论述,为燃气管道的防雷设计提供了实践依据。     

交通运输投资宏观经济效应分析——基于乘数模型的应用

文章基于乘数理论及投资乘数模型对交通运输投资宏观经济效应进行分析,设置了边际交通消费倾向,并推导出交通最终消费需求模型;运用交通消费倾向,证明了交通运输发展对推动产业结构优化的作用和缩小地区差距的功能。     

A strategic approach to improve sustainability in transportation service procurement

This paper focuses on the procurement of full truck-load transportation service with the view to ensuring sustainability in transport logistics. The carrier assignment problem (CAP) involved in truck load contract auction is studied using a complete enumeration method and heuristic approach. Performance of both methods is compared in terms of solution quality and computational time based on the results of sample problems considered. Also, the impact of combinatorial bidding on reducing empty haul in real world case is analyzed and environmental sustainability is achieved through reduction in carbon foot print.     

经济转型期交通运输企业财务管理中存在的问题及对策

文章提出了经济转型期交通运输企业在财务管理中存在的诸多问题,比如财务管理目标定位没有突出核心价值等,并有针对性地提出了对策,希望能够为经济转型期的交通运输企业提供借鉴。     

基于交通视角的新疆城市等级体系演变研究

通过主成分分析、集中度系数、非均衡系数以及改进的重力模型对新疆各城市的交通运输综合水平、复合流量的集中程度和基于复合流量的城市引力及引力节点分析,得出结论:①1985—2005年新疆城市交通运输综合水平变化明显,国道和北疆铁路沿线城市发展水平较高,发展水平较低的城市主要集中在南疆,且比较分散;②集中度系数波动明显,乌鲁木齐、克拉玛依、昌吉、阿克苏等城市对新疆客货流影响较大,而区域非均衡系数较低,呈现明显缩减的趋势;③受绿洲城镇发育程度和自然地理条件影响,各等级节点数量变化不大。乌鲁木齐、克拉玛依、昌吉、石河子在不同年份对新疆各城市的影响较为明显,节点等级较高。④基于交通视角的城市体系呈现出交通运输中心区域不断强化,二级节点城市变化明显,经过20年的演变,基本形成了以乌鲁木齐都市圈为核心,以石河子为次级中心,以喀什和米泉为三级中心,以克拉玛依、伊宁、乌苏、库尔勒为重要节点的城市体系。     

Hub location problems in transportation networks

In this paper we propose a 4-index formulation for the uncapacitated multiple allocation hub location problem tailored for urban transport and liner shipping network design. This formulation is very tight and most of the tractable instances for MIP solvers are optimally solvable at the root node. While the existing state-of-the-art MIP solvers fail to solve even small size instances of problem, our accelerated and efficient primal (Benders) decomposition solves larger ones. In addition, a very efficient greedy heuristic, proven to be capable of obtaining high quality solutions, is proposed. We also introduce fixed cost values for Australian Post (AP) dataset.     

地理因素、制度供给与区域经济差异

虽然导致国内区域之间经济发展差距拉大的原因多种多样,但是,如果进行分类研究,则不难发现,地理因素(如海拔、水资源适宜度、距离核心经济区的远近等)在区域经济增长中起基础性和长期性的作用,而制度供给(如对外开放的次序、经济区的布局等)则在区域经济增长中起关键性的作用。因此,中西部和东部地区应结合区位条件尽快制定对外开放、经济区划分进程表,并通过产业聚集、城市群建设、市场经济体制的建立和交通基础设施的建设等,促进区域经济发展。     

Exploring the use of travel information – identifying contextual market segmentation in Seoul, Korea

As the amount of information is rapidly growing, and ubiquitous urban environments are emerging, the question which kind of information to provide is a major challenge for commercial and public travel-information service providers alike. This paper reports the analyses of recent data, collected in Metropolitan Seoul, about the acquisition of travel information. The study applies CHAID analysis to find homogeneous segments in travel information acquisition. Findings indicate that contextual variables are crucial to explain information acquisition behaviour, depending on decision context. The implication is that both socioeconomic and contextual variables are important to better understand the acquisition (and provision) of travel information. The results have important implications for managers and policy-makers, in particular in the way they respond to dynamic, contextual market segmentation.