Can Findings of Qualitative Research in Education be Generalized?

Most qualitative researchers do not recommend generalization from qualitative studies, as this research is not based on random samples and statistical controls. The objective of this study is to explore the degree to which in-service teachers understand the controversial aspects of generalization in both qualitative and quantitative educational research and as to how this can facilitate problems faced by the teachers in the classroom. The study is based on 83 participants who had registered for a 10-week course on ‘Methodology of Investigation in Education’ as part of their Master’s degree program. The course is based on 11 readings drawing on a philosophy of science perspective (positivism, constructivism, Popper, Kuhn, Lakatos). Course activities included written reports, class room discussions based on participants’ presentations, and written exams. Based on the results obtained it is concluded: (1) almost 91% of the teachers agreed that external generalization in a different social context is feasible; (2) almost 63% of the participants used a fairly inconsistent approach, that is in a theoretical context agreed that qualitative research cannot be generalized and still when asked with respect to the experience of two particular teachers, agreed that generalization was possible; (3) almost 28% of the participants used a consistent approach. Some of the reasons provided by the participants as to why generalization was feasible are discussed. An analogy is drawn with respect to Piaget’s methodology, viz., it was not based on random samples or statistical treatments and still his oeuvre has been generalized (criticisms not withstanding) in both the psychology and educational literature.     

目击证人的错误记忆与刑事司法公正刍论

目击证人的证言对于刑事案件的破解和刑事诉讼活动有非常重要的意义,但需要注意的是目击者的错误记忆在多种因素作用下对案件会有不当影响,针对不同案件类型有不同的表现方式。这就需要我们对目击证人的证言在法庭鉴证、程序规则、证据链条方面更严谨细致地予以审查和判断,从而实现刑事司法的正义价值追求。     

管理会计发展的历程--行为科学的一种解释

本文从探讨管理会计研究的困惑出发,以行为会计、行为科学和经济学相关理论为基础,总结管理会计的产生、发展与变革,认为以行为科学为主题研究管理会计问题,既是历史主线,又是其发展方向,并提出了以行为科学为主导的管理会计理论框架.     

创建低碳型大学园区的思考与探索

在建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会的过程中,大学应作为发展低碳经济倡导低碳生活的一支重要力量,在充分认识创建低碳校园重要性的基础上,营造良好的低碳校园文化,落实全方位的低碳管理措施,采用先进的低碳技术和设施,从文化、管理、科技三方面打造全方位的低碳型大学园区。     

论管理的生产力属性

现代社会管理在社会生产劳动中充分体现出生产力属性。现代管理与科学技术相互渗透、相互促进,共同构成生产力要素,井决定生产力发展水平。管理是社会生产力可持续发展的重要保障。随着经济全球化和社会信息步伐加快,我国应更加重视管理在生产劳动中的地位和作用。     

Prospect theory in the wild: how good is the nonexperimental evidence for prospect theory?

ABSTRACT

Prospect theory is widely thought to be one of the best-confirmed accounts of human decision-making under risk. There are numerous claims in the literature that various kinds of nonexperimental, observational evidence provide strong support for prospect theory. We investigate the veracity of these claims using a set of philosophy of science morals and a careful delineation of models of choice under risk, focussing on the extant versions of prospect theory and their various components. We challenge the claim that prospect theory is well supported because it explains the equity premium puzzle. In addition, we analyse a major international survey thought to support prospect theory and argue that the support is questionable, both for statistical reasons and because the evidence itself is mixed. Our analyses highlight some important ideas in the philosophy of science and caution against strong claims about support for prospect theory that rely on nonexperimental, observational evidence.     

英国出台四大战略性产业应对金融危机

英国经过15年的繁荣后,成为本次金融危机中受创最严重的国家之一。为应对危机,英国将更多的希望寄托在科技创新上。纵观2009年英国的科技发展,一个重要的特点就是充分利用英国所具有的科技优势,进行经济结构调整。相继规划和出台了生命科学、低碳战略、数字英国和先进制造等四大战略性产业,用以应对金融危机。     

增强应对气候变化的能力：世界各国的战略选择

全球气候变暖是全人类共同面临的巨大挑战,维护气候安全是国际社会的共同目标。气候变化会导致自然灾害频发、经济下滑、农业减产以及气候移民等一系列问题。应对气候变化,发展低碳经济是现在时代的要求,也是全社会的责任。全球范围多发的自然灾害给人类经济生活到底会带来什么样的危害,已成为人们普遍关心的话题,无论是哪个国家和地区发生严重自然灾害都会引起国际社会强烈关注。为此,世界各国提出了自己未来的战略重点：日本提出了低碳社会行动的线路图,印度出台了一系列的国家行动计划,中国香港将重点放在建筑节能上,美国通过了《美国清洁能源安全法案》,欧盟大幅削减温室气体排放量。     

农村教育发展的财政保障

长期以来农村教育的特征，说明教育经费短缺一直是农村教育发展的突出矛盾。要对农村教育实施财政保障，须以整顿农村教师队伍为前提，在教育观念、国民经济结构、教育结构、政府预算结构及财政体制等五个方面作战略性调整，同时制止对学生的乱收费。     

科技资源配置效率视角下区域自主创新能力的制约因素和提升路径——以苏南为例

技术势力是企业获取市场竞争力的重要途径之一。利用因子分析法分析苏南的科技资源配置效率,结果显示,苏南科技资源配置规模强大,但科技资源配置效率不高,企业没有形成技术势力。原因在于企业家要素和区域一体化创新体系的欠缺,因此,提出要内重企业家培育,外重区域一体化创新体系完善,全面提升区域自主创新能力,培育技术势力。