浅析视错觉手段在平面设计中的运用技巧

现代设计已经步入了一个崭新的时代,视错觉技法以其智慧性、趣味性和简洁性而越来越受到设计者的青睐,它在平面设计中的应用对于增强作品的内涵、加深观者的印象有着重要作用。本文对视错视图形表现手法进行了基本分类,初步分析了视错觉的类型及其在设计领域的应用。     

基于“PC＋软件”的数字语音实验室构建及维护技术

随着计算机技术和网络技术的飞速发展，语音实验室已经向数字化、网络化、自主化、开放式发展，成为“一室多用”的纯软件数字语音实验室。其优势是有专业化的师生课堂交互系统，能提供听、说、读、写全方位训练，性价比高。“PC＋软件”数字语音实验室的构建要遵循先进性、实用性、可靠性、经济性、灵活性、扩充性、智能化和规范性原则，在星型网络拓扑结构基础上，建立课堂教学平台、个性化自主学习平台、考试平台、备课平台和管理平台，采用一键Ghost做好服务器和教师机的备份、病毒防范和学生机的维护3种方案进行日常管理和维护。     

供水管道安装技术

本工程为钢管供水管道工程,文章针对管道铺设、安装的具体情况作出技术总结,以供类似工程参考。     

碾压式贫混凝土基层在佛开高速改扩建工程中的应用

针对碾压式贫混凝土基层路用的特点及施工性能,在总结有关成功施工经验的基础上,详细介绍了碾压式贫混凝土配合比设计及施工工艺,可为同类工程提供借鉴。     

Effectiveness of Q-learning as a tool for calibrating agent-based supply network models

This paper examines effectiveness of Q-learning as a tool for specifying agent attributes and behaviours in agent-based supply network models. Agent-based modelling (ABM) has been increasingly employed to study supply chain and supply network problems. A challenging task in building agent-based supply network models is to properly specify agent attributes and behaviours. Machine learning techniques, such as Q-learning, can be a useful tool for this purpose. Q-learning is a reinforcement learning technique that has been shown to be an effective adaptation and searching mechanism in distributed settings. In this study, Q-learning is employed by supply network agents to search for ‘optimal’ values for a parameter in their operating policies simultaneously and independently. Methods are designed to identify the ‘optimal’ parameter values against which effectiveness of the learning is evaluated. Robustness of the learning's effectiveness is also examined through consideration of different model settings and scenarios. Results show that Q-learning is very effective in finding the ‘optimal’ parameter values in all model settings and scenarios considered.     

A Framework for Valuing Web Site Personalization

ABSTRACT

Web related initiatives are a viable method for many companies seeking to enhance their customer focus. Web personalization is a technique that can be used by firms to develop and foster relationships with their customers. Web personalization may not be suitable for all types of businesses. Web personalization is used to generate individualized content for each visitor. Personalization techniques include content filtering, collaborative filtering, and a rules-based engine approach. The scope and technique chosen for the personalization initiative determine the resources required for successful implementation. This paper presents a framework to help firms ascertain the value of web personalization. The components of the framework include the ability to classify the popular features of the website, the degree the product is considered personal, the competitiveness of the market, and the value customers place on personalization. A survey was conducted and results of the survey are presented to help determine factors that influence an individual's value for personalization. The factors we found that influence the value an individual places on personalization include: sites that belong to an established brick and mortar company, sites that let visitors download music, and sites that offer the possibility of winning something. The first two factors were found to positively impact the value an individual places on personalization, while the ability to win something was found to have a negative impact on personalization. We also found that education played a part in determining whether an individual values personalization. Other characteristics such as age group and gender were found not to influence an individual's value for personalization.     

高职高专《桥涵工程技术》课程的建设开发

依据青海交职院高职高专国家百所骨干院校建设项目,结合高等职业教育发展趋势和目前教学中普遍存在的问题,针对《桥涵工程技术》课程建设,从能力目标、建设理念、课程设计等方面进行探讨,得到了该课程建设的具体思路和内容。     

How does tourist monitoring alter fish behavior in underwater trails?

Nature based tourism is becoming more popular because it is perceived as a solution to the conflict between conservation and economic exploitation. Nevertheless, it is known to cause several effects. This paper reports findings whereby monitored tourism avoids triggering adverse effects for social cichlid fish species, Crenicichla lepidota. Measures used included aggression toward territorial intruders and the number of nests built in pristine reference areas for monitored and in non-monitored tourist areas. We observed suppressed aggressive behavior and suppressed nesting only in the non-monitored area. We conclude that by monitoring visits, and using techniques including avoiding stepping on the river bed, reducing the number of visitors, prohibiting fish feeding and protecting riparian vegetation, it is possible to avoid the enduring damage caused by nature tourism.     

National park visitors' car-use intention: A norm-neutralization model

Reducing private car use is an efficient way to promote the sustainable development of national parks. However, many visitors persist in using their cars, even when they are aware of the environmental damage it causes. This study proposed a norm-neutralization model to investigate why national park visitors persist in car-based trips by partially integrating the theory of planned behavior, the norm-activation model, and neutralization theory. The results indicated that neutralization techniques can effectively reduce the effects of social norms and attitudes on car-based trip intention in a conflicting-norm context. The strongest predictors of behavior intention were attitudes toward the behavior while neutralization techniques were the second strongest. The effect of pro-driving norms showed a significant reduction when neutralization techniques were added, but pro-environmental norms did not have a significant effect on behavior intention. Practical and theoretical implications, as well as directions for future research, are discussed.     

Social involvement in environmental governance: The relevance of quality assurance processes in forest planning

Socio-environmental policy issues are characterized by inherent scientific uncertainty, ignorance and frequently by social discrepancies. Lack of recognition of the complexity and uncertainty of environmental issues has given rise to problems that have cast doubt on the adequacy of the science for policy model and traditionally employed evidence-based policy, thus leading to a crisis in science. In this context, there is a need for quality assurance procedures to assess policies and measures resulting from decision-making in environmental governance issues.Involving quality assurance in decision-making processes recognizes the different types of uncertainty related to an issue and the limits of problem-solving analysis. This approach requires participatory methodological frameworks in which stakeholders analyze the robustness of the assessment process used as well as the validity of assessment results. The approach considers governance as being a relative term depending on the historical, social, economic, political, environmental and cultural context in which it is developed.A participatory methodology is applied to an assessment of forest track alternatives on the island of Tenerife (Canary Islands). In this study, a social sensitivity analysis explores the social validity of this assessment through the concept of quality understood as ‘fitness for use’. Such a methodology facilitates processes of dialogue and consensus needed in decision-making in conflictive situations. As a result this methodology should serve as a reference for other places with similar situations.