信用交易保证金与股价波动关系研究

通过对境外市场保证金变动对股价波动影响的实证结果进行梳理后发现,保证金的调整对市场波动产生两种相反的效果,即流动性效果和投机性效果,保证金对市场波动的影响取决于两种效果的力量对比,如果流动性效果较强,则调整保证金对股价波动无影响或加剧市场波动,反之,则会减轻市场波动。     

“Opt out” or kept out? The effect of stigma,structure, selection,and sector on the labor force participation of married women in India

Using the 61st and 68th rounds of National Sample Survey data, we investigate the role of stigma, the economy’s structure, potential selection bias, and sectoral differences in explaining the low labor force participation (LFP) of middle and secondary educated women in India relative to low‐ and high‐educated women (the “U‐shape”). Estimating LFP regressions on a sample of prime‐aged married women, we show that, controlling for background characteristics, if a woman’s husband works in a white‐collar job in a region with a high share of blue‐collar jobs, she is less likely to participate in the labor market (stigma). We also find a positive effect of an increase in an index of white‐collar job growth (structure) on married women’s LFP. These effects are present in both rural and urban sectors but are strongest in the rural sector. However, middle and secondary educated women are still found to have substantially lower LFP than low‐ and graduate‐educated women in both sectors. Indeed, over time, the U‐shape persists in the rural sector and deepens in the urban sector. Because unobservables are quite large in the urban sector, we use the method of instrumental variables and find an increasing return at middle levels but stagnation at higher levels.     

Market Efficiency Reloaded: Why Insider Trades do not Reveal Exploitable Information

Abstract. Several studies have emphasized a slow price adjustment to reported insider trades for Germany. The results presented in this paper, though, show that this is mainly caused by a subset of high arbitrage risk stocks. In fact, the abnormal return difference between the quintiles of stocks with highest and lowest idiosyncratic risk is in the range of 2.99–4.90% over a 20‐day interval. These results are robust even in the context of a joint generalized least squares approach. By developing a simple zero‐investment arbitrage trading strategy mimicking insider trades, it turns out that such a trading strategy, in most cases, generates significant positive returns as long as transaction costs are neglected. However, the outperformance disappears in all risk quintiles, if bid/ask spreads are taken into account. We conclude that the market's under‐reaction to reported insider trades can mainly be explained by the cost of risky arbitrage and is therefore not exploitable.     

Time-varying relationship of news sentiment,implied volatility and stock returns

I examine the relationship between aggregate news sentiment, S&P 500 index (SPX) returns, and changes in the implied volatility index (VIX). I find a significant negative contemporaneous relationship between changes in VIX and both news sentiment and stock returns. This relationship is asymmetric whereby changes in VIX are larger following negative news and/or stock market declines. Vector autoregression (VAR) analysis of the dynamics and cross-dependencies between variables reveals a strong positive relationship between previous and current period changes in implied volatility and stock returns, while current period and lagged news sentiment has a significant positive (negative) relationship with stock returns (changes in VIX). I develop a simple trading strategy whereby high (low) levels of implied volatility signal attractive opportunities to take short (long) positions in the underlying index, while extremely negative (positive) news sentiment signals opportunities to enter short (long) index positions. The investor fear gauge (VIX) appears to perform better than news sentiment measures in forecasting future returns.     

纠正市场失灵的对策分析

改革开放以来,随着市场经济的发展,我国出现了市场失灵的现象。真正做到有效地弥补市场失灵,还要靠政府通过发挥经济职能来做到。针对市场失灵表现的五个方面:垄断性失灵,外部效应,公共产品的提供,失业、通货膨胀和经济失衡以及收入分配问题,政府应该提高效率,有效治理失业、通胀和经济失衡,增进公平的职能调节收入分配,主要是运用收入再分配来弥补市场失灵。     

“安倍经济学”与“李克强经济学”孰优孰劣

在外界看来,安倍经济学喜迎东风,李究竟哪一种发展模式能够真正实现经济持续健康发展的神话?然而,哪一种发展模式更加适应本国国情,真正能实现国富民强?     

高职高专院校开放式实验室建设的探索

随着职业化教育的蓬勃发展,高职高专院校各方面建设也不断完善,尤其是实验室建设取得了显著成效,这极大地提升了高职高专院校的科研水平、教学水平和管理水平。因此,新时期下如何抓住机遇,创新实验室建设模式,是当前高职高专院校面临的最紧迫课题之一。本文就高职高专院校开放式实验室建设进行了一系列探索,并提出了相应的解决对策。     

我国房地产市场垄断程度研究--勒纳指数的测算

房地产市场的一个重要性质就是竞争的不完全性和垄断力量的存在.勒纳指数是衡量市场垄断程度的一个重要的指标.本文分别针对我国和各省(市、区)的面板数据、各年截面数据以及我国和各省(市、区)的时间序列数据等样本,对房地产市场的勒纳指数(即市场的垄断程度)进行了测算.结果表明,我国房地产市场的垄断程度相当严重;虽然随着市场经济进程的深入和经济的发展,房地产市场的竞争状况逐渐好转,但这一过程非常缓慢;为了确保房地产市场的长期健康发展和居民福利的提高,今后政府应将促进房地产市场竞争作一项基本的方针政策.     

土地市场扭曲如何影响制造业出口产品质量升级 ——基于土地市场交易数据和制造业企业数据的实证分析

地方政府“以地谋发展”的策略在促进各地区制造业大规模集聚和出口贸易快速增长的同时,也势必会给企业出口产品质量带来深刻影响。本文综合利用中国土地市场网城市土地交易数据、中国工业企业数据、中国海关进出口产品数据和中国城市面板数据,实证检验了土地市场扭曲对企业出口产品质量升级的影响,并对其内在机制进行了探讨。研究发现：中国城市建设用地配置存在明显的工业偏向性,进而导致工业用地价格被低估,产生工业用地应得收益大于实际价格的反向扭曲问题。这种反向扭曲可通过抑制技术进步、阻碍产业结构高级化、弱化集聚经济效应等机制显著降低制造业企业出口产品质量。土地市场扭曲对企业出口产品质量升级的影响具有明显的异质性特征。具体而言,土地市场扭曲不利于一般贸易企业与混合贸易企业出口产品质量提升,但对加工贸易企业出口产品质量提升具有促进作用。土地市场扭曲对企业出口产品质量升级的抑制作用由东到西依次递增。土地市场扭曲不利于外资企业和国有企业出口产品质量提升,对集体企业及民营企业的影响不显著。     

就业体制改革不应忽视内部劳动力市场

本文吸收了西方劳动经济学和企业理论的新成果，论述了内部劳动力市场的基本原理，重新审视了我国以往的就业体制改革思路及其成本与收益．提出发展内部劳动力市场是当前深化我国就业体制改革亟待解决的一个重要问题，并阐述了若干具体的操作思路。