工程造价市场信息分析及其在线系统开发

了解和熟悉某地区的市场信息对工程造价咨询公司在该地区开拓市场及造价工程师在该地区从事业务十分重要。本旨在探讨如何利用当代信息技术开发一个高性能的信息系统，它能为造价工程师提供及时的、全面和准确的市场信息(以上海地区为例)。系统开发所用的方法是一种改进的生命周期法。按照该方法，首先对工造价市场进行系统分析。然后，基于系统分析的结果，对市场信息进行分类，并在分类的基础上用超本技术建立信息模型。最后，基于模型开发信息系统。     

Trade-off Model of Debt Maturity Structure

In this paper, we suggest the trade-off model to explain the choice of debt maturity. This model is based on balancing between risk and reward of using shorter-term loans. Shorter-term loans have cost advantage over, but incur higher refinancing and interest rate risk than longer-term loans. Using the Compustat data, we show that the principal components of financial attributes are financial flexibility and financial strength. Therefore, only firms with greater financial flexibility and financial strength can use proportionately more short-term loans. We also document that financially strong firms take advantage of lower interest rates of short-term debt. They use proportionately more short-term loans when the term premium is high. The results of our study also provide evidence supporting the agency cost hypothesis, which is strongly supported by current literature.     

Does the cost of capital differ across countries? An agency perspective*

In this keynote speech, I ask the question: Does the cost of capital differ for firms located in different countries? I argue that there are two ways to look at the cost of capital. First, there is the neoclassical perspective, which assumes that there are no agency problems. In integrated markets, the neoclassical cost of capital is the same in every country. Second, there is the agency perspective. Agency costs increase the cost of capital understood as the expected rate of return necessary for an investment to leave the value of the firm unaffected. Adjusting the cost of capital for agency costs, I argue that it differs across countries because of differences in corporate governance. I then provide a comparison of the agency-adjusted cost of capital between Japan and the US.     

绿色GDP核算研究的误区及其澄清

我国在绿色GDP核算研究中存在着将实际环保费用作为“重复计算因素”从现行GDP中扣除的误区。无论从核算技术的角度上,还是从经济模型的推导上,都证明在绿色GDP核算中不应扣除实际的环保费用,而应扣除的是“潜在的”环保费用。     

论股权配给作用于宏观经济波动的机理

当宏观经济进入衰退阶段时,由于融资企业的股权配给,融资企业投资的边际破产成本上升,这将导致融资企业的投资下降,在投资乘数原理和加速数原理的相互作用下,会使宏观经济衰退更加严重,宏观经济陷入经济衰退与股权配给相互作用的恶性循环中,宏观经济衰退的程度会进一步加大。当宏观经济进入繁荣阶段时,具有与上述相类似的过程,会导致宏观经济持续过度繁荣。因此,股权配给是宏观经济波动的加速器。我国的现实是,从微观上看,上市公司具有强烈的股权融资偏好;从宏观上看,政府进行股权配给。两者的共同作用,使股权配给具有平抑宏观经济波动的功能。     

个人教育投资的均衡分析

人力资本投资的关键形式是教育投资。文章认为,个人教育投资的均衡条件是边际成本等于边际收益。因为个人教育投资的边际成本递增,边际收益递减,所以必须采取多种措施刺激个人教育投资的积极性,才能促进我国教育事业的大发展。     

电网企业优化购电成本方法研究与实证分析

通过购电成本结构分析,指出了当前发电计划编制及执行中存在的问题和当前发电计划编制对电网购电费的影响。重点研究了有关降低电网购电成本的方法及实证,并为政府价格相关部门提出创建节能型社会的政策建议。     

Behavioral assumptions and theory development: the case of transaction cost economics

From a critical realist perspective, I discuss the role played by behavioral assumptions in organization theories, and use transaction cost economics as an illustrative example. Core behavioral assumptions often constitute the foundation of the mechanismic explanations of a theory, and thus should play a pivotal role in theory development. I distinguish between assumption‐based and assumption‐omitted theory testing, and show that empirical research in transaction cost economics has been dominated by assumption‐omitted testing. To establish a solid foundation for a new theory, management researchers should pay more attention to assumption‐based testing. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

浅议油田设备采购管理

阐述了油田设备采购的重要性，分析了油田设备采购的特点、现状以及存在的问题，提出了加强和完善设备采购管理的措施。指出，在招标采购中，一是要制定好详细的设备技术参数，二是制定好招标文件，三是制定好评标办法及标准。     

论采油企业成本管理控制长效机制的建立

为了完成生产经营任务，采油企业内某些单位客观上还存在一些短期行为。从最终影响来看，采取短期行为，可能使得采油成本在短期内趋于下降，但会导致后期成本急剧上升，不利于企业的可持续发展。因此，需要运用法律、行政、制度、政策等多种手段，建立成本管理控制长效机制，以克服各种短期行为的发生，从而实现采油企业成本的长期效能。