基于模糊层次评判模型的旅游地集散能力评价——以昆明为例

城市的旅游集散能力直接影响着旅游流的空间分布和转移特征,影响着区域旅游的发展。对旅游集散能力进行研究可以更全面的把握区域旅游的发展状况以及提升旅游竞争力,为城市交通设施的规划建设提供参考依据和理论支持。运用模糊层次评判模型的方法,以昆明为例,对旅游集散能力进行了个体评价和对比评价,相互印证,并对影响昆明集散能力的因素进行了分析,结论是:昆明的集散能力良好,但仍可以从整合现有交通资源、合理布局交通站点、发挥枢纽机场作用上寻求提升空间。     

在开行直达列车线路上组织五定班列的研究

根据铁路定点、定车次、定线、定时、定价货运班列的开行情况,分析在开行直达列车线路上组织五定班列的必要和充分条件。由每周货物平均发送量和列车牵引质量计算出开行列数,根据有关规则以每周至少开行1列为必要条件。考虑运费和货物提前到达产生的经济效益,以开行五定班列比开行直达列车的经济效益大为充分条件。对各参数选择的影响进行分析并给出算例应用。     

定量方法在财务战略环境分析中的应用——以天津创业环保公司为例

企业财务战略环境分析是财务战略制定的起点和基础,目前对财务战略环境的研究多以定性方法探讨为主。文章从实践应用的角度出发,运用定量方法研究这一问题,并结合创业环保公司财务战略外部环境分析的案例进行定量计算和分析,探索定量数学分析在财务战略环境分析过程中的具体模式,以期起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

中国城乡居民收入变化规律的定量分析

文章通过数学方法对1980～2007年间我国城镇居民人均可支配收入（Ic）、农村居民人均纯收入（If）及收入差距相互关系进行反演,发现它们服从（L-If）／Ic=0．24＊Ln（（L-If）／If）＋0．50的规律;If／Ic以0．50为中心,向〉0．50或〈0．50的方向演化与城镇失业减轻或加重有关。在当前经济模式下,2020～2021年我国的经济发展形式可能会出现一定程度的转变,收入差距在城镇居民人均可支配收入中所占的比例会降低,城乡收入的相对差距会由扩大向缩小转变。     

Designing a Model for Competitiveness Measurement of Selected Tourism Destinations of Iran (The Model and Rankings)

Destination competitiveness is the ability to sustain or improve market position and market share of a destination over a period of time. Different markets have different expectations which increase the importance of features a destination should provide in order to achieve competitive advantage. The results of this study show that the domestic model of Iran’s destinations competitiveness comprises 9 major indices. These indices are made of 64 variables which have been derived from literature reviews and qualitative surveys. The results of running the model for all selected destinations are consistent with the destinations’ tourist statistics except for one destination (Qom).     

The Influences of Portion Size,Context and Package Characteristics on Snack Food Consumption: Evidence from a U.S. Rolling Cross-Sectional Survey

Using a rolling cross-sectional sample of over 40,000 U.S. snack food consumers during 2004–2010, we build a three-dimensional model to study how portion sizes, consumption context, and package characteristics jointly affect the amount of food consumed. As with prior research, we find that consumption does increase with larger portions. However, this effect diminishes significantly when accounting for the consumption context and packaging characteristics as consumption drivers. Most important is how the snack is presented to consumers at the point of consumption (type, size, and quantity of packages). We also find that snacking on impulse, alone, with a beverage, or while watching television increases the amount consumed, whereas socializing or snacking at home decrease consumption. We test our model over seven snack types (potato chips, crackers, cheese puffs, nuts and seeds, tortilla chips, pretzels, popcorn), and find that our results hold even for products with different cross-category granularity, palatability, and satiety.     

红外光谱法对PE食品包装膜中再生料的快速鉴别

利用红外光谱法鉴别聚乙烯包装膜中是否含有再生料,结构表明,红外光谱分析法作为定性分析,通过和样品标准光谱特征的对比,完全能够鉴别出样品中是否添有再生料。该方法除了测量速度快的优点外,还具有分析成本低、无污染,操作简单方便等特点,在所建立模型的预测范围内,能对样品进行准确、快速的定性分析。     

Official Demand for U.S. Debt: Implications for U.S. Real Rates

We estimate a structural term-structure model of U.S. real rates, where arbitrageurs accommodate demand pressures exerted by domestic and foreign official investors. Official demand affects rates by altering the aggregate price of duration risk, and thereby bond risk premiums. Although foreign central banks' demand contributed to reduce long-term real rates mainly in the years prior to the global-financial crisis, the Federal Reserve's demand lowered rates during the quantitative easing period. Overall, the two-factor model, augmented to account for changing liquidity conditions, offers a good representation of real rates during the 2001–16 period; however, we flag some caveats and possible extensions.