企业碳交易的有效性——基于中国A股上市公司的实证研究

从上市公司的角度,分析了我国CDM项目交易的有效性,即将衡量碳交易有效性的标准设定为能够使企业股票产生价值溢价,实证检验了碳交易对我国A股上市公司股市表现的影响。检验结果显示,上市公司发布CDM项目注册公告当日,能给上市公司带来显著为正的异常收益率;对事件窗及事件发生后15个交易日的检验显示,公告没有使股市产生显著为正的累计异常收益率。对沪市和深市的对比检验表明,上市公司发布公告当日,两市的反应存在较大的差别。     

增强高校“两课”教学实效性的对策思考

当前,高校＂两课＂教学失效现象日益凸显。针对＂两课＂教学现状,应探究其失效原因,秉承教育观念和教学思想不断改革与创新的精神,提出进一步改进高校＂两课＂教学的有力措施,以增强高校＂两课＂教学的实效性,使其真正发挥出应有的教育功能。     

安徽省水利投入有效性分析

介绍DEA模型的相关理论基础,并应用DEA模型分析水利投入的有效性。以安徽省为例,应用DEA模型分析水利投入对经济增长的拉动作用。结果表明,安徽省水利行业规模效益基本上处于不变或递减状态;一半左右年份的效率达到了投入产出的最好效果,另一半左右年份的投入产出效率趋于DEA有效。     

Cost implications of improving food safety in the Dutch dairy chain

This paper examines control measures for improving food safetyin the dairy chain, using an integer linear programming model.The chain includes feed (compound feed production and delivery),farm (dairy farm) and dairy processing (transport and processingof raw milk, delivery of pasteurised milk) blocks. Results showthat 65 per cent of the maximum possible food safety improvementcan be achieved at relatively low extra cost per ton of milk(4.27), fairly evenly distributed across the blocks. Highersafety levels can be attained by increasing the farm block'scontribution, but at much higher extra cost (44.37 for the maximumattainable).     

企业提高人员招聘有效性的对策——以苏州某制药企业为例

招聘是企业人力资源管理中最基础性的工作,是企业人力资源管理的起点.有效的招聘对策是组织高效招聘工作的关键.文章结合某制药企业的具体实践,介绍了目前企业招聘工作中存在的一些问题,并针对性地提出了提高人员招聘有效性的具体对策.     

基于机制构造的管理者持股实施的实证研究

现代企业导入作为激励机制形式的管理层持股(MBO),是所有者与经营管理者之间解决不同利益目标函数和道德风险的有效途径.作为中国企业产权改革的制度创新的产物,MBO在我国具有不同于成熟市场经济国家所具有的表征,因此在构建企业机制层面的意义远大于手段含义,目前急切需要在MBO实施机制上完善规制措施.     

如何在校企合作中培养高职学生的创业素质

校企合作是高职院校人才培养的重要途径之一,提高人才培养质量是校企合作的根本目的。高职院校的创业教育在于培养学生的创业精神和综合素质,提高校企合作对创业教育实效性成为当前高职院校开展创业教育面临的课题。高职院校应建立校企合作长效机制,引进企业优势资源开发创业教育,深化校企合作,推动校外创新型实训基地建设,确实提高学生的创业素质,拓宽就业渠道。     

语文课堂教学任务的反思与重构——西部地区中学语文课堂教学低效现象研究

课堂教学任务是为达到课堂教学目标对课堂教学活动内容所做的系统性规定与要求。长期以来语文课堂教学存在的"任务错位"现象,是导致语文课堂教学效率低下的主要原因。要改变这种状况,就要科学认识语文课堂教学任务的构成要素及其关系,重构语文课堂教学任务要素系统。语文课堂教学任务要素包括境、情、知、思、读、写、听、说、悟。这九种任务要素又可以分为三个层次。其中"境、情、知、思"是基础层任务要素,"读、写、听、说"是操作层任务要素,"悟"是发展层任务要素。     

神经传导通路教学中运用案例教学的探析

神经传导通路是人体解剖学中神经系统最好的总结、串联部分,传统的教学法无法适应时代对学生的培养要求,借用这个机会,合理地使用案例式教学,可以大大提高教学质量。同时举一反三,也是一个年轻教师尝试案例教学法教学,提高自身素质的一个很好的切入点。     

A short-term cost-effectiveness study comparing robot-assisted laparoscopic and open retropubic radical prostatectomy

Abstract

Objective:

To evaluate cost effectiveness and cost utility comparing robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) versus retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP).

Methods:

In a retrospective cohort study a total of 231 men between the age of 50 and 69 years and with clinically localised prostate cancer underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) at the Department of Urology, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2007, were included.

The RALP and RRP patients were matched 1:2 on the basis of age and the D’Amico Risk Classification of Prostate Cancer; 77 RALP and 154 RRP.

An economic evaluation was made to estimate direct costs of the first postoperative year and an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per successful surgical treatment and per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY). A successful RP was defined as: no residual cancer (PSA <0.2?ng/ml, preserved urinary continence and erectile function. A one-way sensitivity analysis was made to investigate the impact of changing one variable at a time.

Results:

The ICER per extra successful treatment was €64,343 using RALP. For indirect costs, the ICER per extra successful treatment was €13,514 using RALP. The difference in effectiveness between RALP and RRP procedures was 7% in favour of RALP. In the present study no QALY was gained 1 year after RALP, however this result is uncertain due to a high degree of missing data. The sensitivity analysis did not change the results noticeably.

Limitations:

The study was limited by the design resulting in a low percentage of information on the effect of medication for erectile dysfunction and only short-term quality of life was measured at 1 year postoperatively.

Conclusion:

RALP was more effective and more costly. A way to improve the cost effectiveness may be to perform RALP at fewer high volume urology centres and utilise the full potential of each robot.