小微机构以互联网方式接入金融信用信息基础数据库问题探讨——以吉林省为例

为支持小微机构健康、快速发展,中国人民银行长春中心支行按照省级平台一口接入的模式,积极组织小微机构有序开展接入金融信用信息基础数据库工作,但由于小微机构认识程度不够、业务管理不规范、接入费用高等因素,严重影响了接入进度。近期中国人民银行征信中心推出了互联网接入方式,并进行试点运行。以吉林省为例,分析接入模式转换时需要解决的问题,并提出相关政策建议。     

日本旅游经济发展对扬州文旅事业的借鉴研究

文旅事业作为“朝阳产业”,正逐步成为我国经济结构转型期一个新的增长点。文旅事业也是旅游文化名城扬州“十四五”期间重点发展的产业之一。本研究对近年来扬州文旅事业情况进行了分析,梳理了日本旅游经济发展现状与特点,结合五大方面:着手步行城市建设;创新本土民族节庆活动;开发乡村特色休闲旅游;降低入园门槛,给景点门票做减法;开发地方特色的“限定”类文创产品,来介绍近邻日本在实施“观光立国”政策中值得我们借鉴的有益之处,以期为扬州文旅事业的发展提供帮助。     

Self serving reference points in double auctions

We present a novel approach for modelling self serving bias by way of reference dependence. Bias is modelled as a systematic individual level deviation of the endogenous reference point from the expected price of a good in a two person k-double auction. We find that bias decreases the efficiency of the model, and that efficiency is decreasing in both the level of bias and reference dependence.     

公平偏好下基于投资者主导的流域生态补偿激励契约设计

十四五规划强调要进一步健全生态补偿机制,实现生态文明建设新进步.为促进流域生态补偿激励机制的进一步优化,基于个体公平偏好的视角,构建基于流域生态补偿投资者为主导的动态博弈模型,探讨生态系统服务提供者和投资者共同组成的激励契约优化设计问题.研究发现:相较于投资者无公平偏好的情形,在其具有公平偏好时,补偿双方的整体效用均随补偿系数的增加而有所降低;当流域生态补偿双方均具有公平偏好时,双方的整体效用会随着补偿成本补贴系数的增加而增加;流域生态补偿投资者的公平偏好是确保自身效用最大化的一种手段.     

Effectiveness of harvest strategies in achieving multiple management objectives in a multispecies fishery

Fisheries management is characterised by multiple objectives, some of which may be complementary, while others may require trade‐offs between outcomes. Balancing these objectives is made more complex in the case of multispecies and multigear fisheries. In this paper, we develop a bioeconomic model that captures the key elements of such a fishery to test a range of potential harvest strategies to provide insights into how economic target reference points could lead to both desirable and undesirable management outcomes (e.g. discards). The model is developed as a long‐run optimisation model to identify target reference points to achieve multispecies maximum economic yield, and a dynamic recursive optimisation model, which includes more realistic representation of fishers’ behaviour, such as discards and trading of under‐caught species quotas. The potential economic, social and ecological impacts are evaluated using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The results suggest that the use of proxy target reference points can result in short‐term economic benefits at the cost of slower stock recovery and higher discarding. Limiting the number of species subject to quota controls may also prove beneficial in multispecies fisheries, while ensuring quota markets are efficient is likely to produce benefits irrespective of the harvest strategy adopted.     

Performance Effects of Setting a High Reference Point for Peer‐Performance Comparison

We conduct a field experiment, based on a registered report accepted by the Journal of Accounting Research, to test performance effects of setting a high reference point for peer‐performance comparison. Relative to providing the median as a reference point for online students to compare themselves to, providing the top quartile: damps performance for those below the median, boosts performance for those between the median and top quartile, and, in the case of outcome but not process comparison, boosts performance for those above the top quartile. We do not find that either reference point yields a greater average performance effect. However, providing the more effective reference point in each partition of initial performance yields a 40% greater performance effect than providing either reference point uniformly. Students access the online courses intermittently over the span of a year. Our effects derive from small portions of our treatment groups—5% in the case of process comparison and 26% in the case of outcome comparison—who accessed treatment and who were, on average, more active leading up to and during our intervention.     

电路及电子电路中相位关系的研讨——兼对PAL制解码器原理电路中三个90°相移电路的分析

本文从最基本的电路及电子电路概念出发,由浅入深地阐述了电路及电子电路中相位的分析方法。就电子电路而言,诸如放大、振荡、移相、反馈等,所涉及的除幅度问题外,难以处理的也常是相位问题。文中以 PAL 制解码器原理电路中三个90°相移电路为典型,作了简要地分析。     

基于数据交换的信用信息共享平台构建

对信用信息开放共享过程中存在的信息孤岛、技术壁垒、项目周期长和成本高等问题进行分析,提出一个基于数据交换的应用建设模型。该模型能够快速响应用户的需求,快速地开发和部署应用系统,并降低项目成本;能够实现各个应用系统的数据共享,并建立起各级的信用信息数据库,从而推动我国社会信用体系建设。     

Multiple reference effects in service evaluations: Roles of alternative attractiveness and self-image congruity

Customer satisfaction and service evaluation research has examined the reference effect but largely adopted an expectancy-disconfirmation paradigm that focuses on referents centered on the product or service in question. This study examines two additional reference effects, alternative attractiveness and self-image congruity, and their interaction. The framework of multiple reference effects in service evaluations integrates insights from regret theory, the investment model of interpersonal relationships, and self-image congruity theory. An empirical study of a hairstyling service confirms that comparisons involving other-object and self-based reference points contribute significantly to consumer service evaluations. Self-image congruity has the most significant impact on both customer satisfaction and commitment judgments. In general, the negative effect of alternative attractiveness on both customer satisfaction and commitment becomes weaker as the level of self-image congruity increases; as long as consumers find a good fit between their self-image and the service image, they are less likely to consider alternative services. However, for consumers with high self-image congruity with the focal service, the presence of an attractive alternative may induce them to exhibit an enhancement bias or “play up” effect (i.e., report higher satisfaction with the focal service).     

上游补贴规则:国际反补贴法的重大发展——基于美国商务部实践的考察

上游补贴概念的提出,赋予了补贴更加宽泛的定义和判断标准,将反补贴的价值理念拓展至产品的生产要素领域,从而扩大了反补贴调查的适用范围。而美国商务部在实践中所演绎出的一整套补贴利益传递分析方法,则为抵消上游补贴对自由竞争造成的损害确立了可供操作的、相对严格的规则框架,是对国际反补贴法的重大发展。我国亟需深入研究和借鉴美国上游补贴的立法和实践。