煤矿开拓方案选择的层次灰关联决策

本文从井巷工程、工业场地、场外公路、主要设备、开拓方式、井筒水文地质、到火车的距离等七个方面建立了煤矿开拓方案评价的指标体系,并利用层次分析法与灰关联决策相结合的方式进行煤矿开拓方案的选择,进而给出煤矿开拓方案选择层次灰关联决策的具体步骤,最后进行实例应用。     

Service Quality Measurement and Triadic Interaction

Abstract

The authors recognise the importance of the service quality encounter and the critical roles played by three direct stakeholders: customers, front-line staff and operational managers, in the assessment of restaurant service quality. The paper therefore argues the merits of adopting a triadic perspective on restaurant service quality assessment and presents the details of a comparative analysis of stakeholder perceptions of service quality performance that was undertaken in three full-service restaurants in Manchester, U.K. The results showed that service providers tended to overrate the quality of service in full-service restaurants, if customer perceptions are used as the standard of comparison. Managers' ratings showed the least convergence with those of customers whilst there was a high degree of convergence between the perceptions of front-line service providers and customers on many of the dimensions. With the exception of the tangible dimension, there were statistically significant differences in service quality performance between the perceptions of stakeholders. Overall, the results have highlighted areas of particular concern and priority which require more in-depth research with qualitative methods; they therefore support the adoption of a triadic perspective in the assessment of restaurant service quality performance.     

Conditions and intervention strategies for the deliberate acceleration of socio-technical transitions: lessons from a comparative multi-level analysis of two historical case studies in Dutch and Danish heating

ABSTRACT

Policy-oriented transition frameworks such as Strategic Niche Management, Transition Management, and Technological Innovation Systems offer limited analytical traction on deliberately accelerated socio-technical transitions. Using the Multi-Level Perspective as guiding framework, we therefore inductively explore the political acceleration of socio-technical transitions by investigating two deliberately accelerated heating transitions: the transition from coal and oil to natural gas in the Netherlands (1948–1973), and the transition from oil to district heating in Denmark (1945–1990), to draw lessons about the conditions and intervention strategies that facilitate rapid socio-technical change. We find that both cases were characterised by weakened regimes, stabilised niche-innovations, focusing events, and consensus between policymakers and business actors. User resistance was also low in both cases, partly because of public policies. Different focusing events in each case produced problem-driven versus opportunity-driven transition pathways; the former destabilised existing regimes but generated future-oriented uncertainty, while the latter facilitated rapid closure.     

Do formal contracts and relational governance function as substitutes or complements?

Relational exchange arrangements supported by trust are commonly viewed as substitutes for complex contracts in interorganizational exchanges. Many argue that formal contracts actually undermine trust and thereby encourage the opportunistic behavior they are designed to discourage. In this paper, we develop and test an alternative perspective: that formal contracts and relational governance function as complements. Using data from a sample of information service exchanges, we find empirical support for this proposition of complementarity. Managers appear to couple their increasingly customized contracts with high levels of relational governance (and vice versa). Moreover, this interdependence underlies their ability to generate improvements in exchange performance. Our results concerning the determinants of these governance choices show their distinct origins, which further augments their complementarity in practice. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

转型背景中人力资源管理的新视角

在经济转型的时代背景下,中国企业的人力资源管理模式面临许多新的挑战,必须进行创新和变革。根据复杂多变的环境和时代要求,企业应在选人、育人、用人和留人四大系统为人力资源管理提供新的管理内容。在选人上,应呈现人才选拔过程的多元化;育人的关键是要转变员工的培训观念并促进培训效果的良好转化;在用人上,要运用心理契约,同时重视岗位轮换与工作设计;留人的重点是管理者应多关注员工心理健康并运用情感管理。     

文化翻译视角下《京华烟云》中的中国英语

当今世界,英语这门国际化语言出现了全球化和地方化的特点。带有明显东方特点的中国英语（China English）应运而生。中国英语（China English）是指带有中国文化蕴涵和文字特色的语言、文化、事物、思想意识等的词汇。中国英语在表达中国特有事物方面起到了很大的作用,传播了中国独特的文化。林语堂先生用英文创作的著名小说《京华烟云》中的中国英语就是中国文化传播的典范。由于中西文化的差异,中国特有的文化现象无法用地道的英语表达出来,因此林语堂先生在书中创造使用了大量的中国英语来阐释中国传统文化诸如婚丧礼宴,冲喜守寡,中医中药,古玩字画,赋诗作对,道家文化,饮食文化等等。纵观本小说,林语堂先生创造的中国英语主要体现在生态文化、语言文化、物质文化和社会文化等各个方面,中国英语的使用是本部小说的成功之处,有着重要的文化意义,这让更多的西方人了解了中国文化,有利于中西文化的渗透和融合。     

Marketing resources and performance of exhibitor firms in trade shows: A contingent resource perspective

In spite of the fundamental nature of trade shows as venues for working on webs of vertical and horizontal relationships, the extant trade show literature neglected relationship and network context factors. Specifically, previous studies attributed superior trade show performance to internal resource conditions and hence failed to address the moderating influence of important contexts such as relationship assets and knowledge assets. This study adopts the contingent resource perspective and extends the literature by proposing that the main effect of trade show resources on trade show performance is contingent upon the firm's internal knowledge assets and its external relationship assets. Overall, the empirical evidence supports the contingency models. One major managerial implication for exhibitor managers is the need to adjust allocation of its trade show marketing resources according to market-based assets it possesses.     

关系合约对网络组织经济效率的损害

关系合约为会损害网络组织的经济效率，因为多个关系舍约的相互嵌入可能在网络组织中形成低效率合作；同时，关系合约形成的交易封闭性，降低了网络组织的适应性效率，企业的创新动力被弱化，快速创新难以成为企业的最佳战略选择。网络组织如果过度依赖关系治理，就会抑制制度治理机制的作用，从而增加网络组织的交易成本。     

科技文化软实力生成和发展的多维视角分析

提高国家软实力需要注重科技文化的建设。科技文化软实力的生成和发展表现为在历史、当今与未来三维视域互动中的有形资产(科学理论、科技成果等)向无形资产(科学精神、软实力等)转化,无形资产又推动有形资产发展的过程。提升科技文化软实力需要将科技的创新与传统科技文化进行融合,实现传统科技文化的转型,长远来看,需要增强科技文化传播影响力,提高国民科技文化素质,提升科技文化保障水平。     

税收信用缺失原因探析

在经济活动中,作为纳税主体的个人和企业法人,经常会出现偷税漏税的行为。即税收信用缺失问题,随着社会经济的发展,税收的信用水平,将成为衡量社会文明程度的重要标志。基于此,本文尝试着对税收信用缺失的原因进行了探索分析,重点从税收信用缺失的伦理视角、法制视角、传统经济学视角和行为经济学视角四个方面,对税收信用缺失的原因进行阐述探析。