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151.
矿产开发负效应与资源生态环境补偿机制研究   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
矿产开发的负效应是指采矿活动造成的资源生态环境损失,主要表现为资源耗损、生态破坏、环境污染以及区域发展能力下降等。本文基于矿产开发的负效应,初步构建了矿产开发的资源生态环境补偿机制的基本框架。提出应采取资源补偿、生态环境补偿与矿区/区域补偿,实行防范性补偿、即时性补偿与修复性补偿,实施实体性补偿、功能性补偿与价值性补偿。不同的补偿类型,其补偿主体、客体、原则、标准、方式各不相同,但总体上都遵循立法约束、政策引导与行政监管相结合的三位一体的补偿运行模式。建议开展矿产开发的资源环境补偿机制建设试点工作;形成部门间协调管理的工作机制;加强对矿产开发生态环境补偿的监督和评估。  相似文献   
152.
    
ABSTRACT

Compensatory consumption has been an increasingly researched yet widely debated area of consumer behaviour over the last 20 years. Extant research formulates the term as overwhelmingly negative, largely due to the simplistic and fragmented conceptualisations assumed in prior work. The purpose of the current paper is to present a comprehensive review of the umbrella term of compensatory consumption, incorporating a continuum of behaviours and accounting for the pre- and post-consumption periods including both positive and negative viewpoints. In addition, expanding upon the theory of need satisfaction, the current paper introduces a novel conceptual distinction between compensation and compromise. Finally, a proposed theoretical framework is presented that differentiates between compensatory and compromisory consumption based on the extent of consumer consciousness, rationality and rationalisation. Future research directions are offered.  相似文献   
153.
失地农民补偿模式评价及机制研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
中国正处于城镇化快速发展阶段,失地农民利益补偿问题是城镇化过程中必须解决的一个关键问题。各地在城镇化过程中已经摸索出不同的补偿模式。只有一个科学合理的失地农民补偿,才能使农民享受到经济发展带来的共同成果。  相似文献   
154.
生态旅游资源开发的制度短板效应与政策取向研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
魏敏 《财贸研究》2006,17(2):37-41
生态旅游是一种基于自然环境的“回归大自然”的旅游,生态旅游资源和环境具有生态脆弱性和环境敏感性,开发不当,极易受到破坏。因而,要实现生态、经济和社会三种效益相统一的生态旅游资源开发方式,必须从制度上给予保证。文章从我国生态旅游资源开发的实际出发,指出其中存在的制度短板效应,并给出相应的对策。  相似文献   
155.
Stock based rewards are often used to motivate high‐level managers to take actions to increase the stock price of the firm. However, numerous constraints may weaken the perceived link between individual effort and stock price appreciation for many recipients. This study introduces a new construct, stock price expectancy, which we define as individuals' perceptions of influence over their firm's stock price. We examined its antecedents in a sample of 349 high‐level U.S. managers and found that employment at corporate headquarters, firm size, hierarchical level, and contact with investment analysts predicted stock price expectancy perceptions. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   
156.
    
Prior studies generally relate managers’ decisions to smooth earnings to their desire to maximize their overall compensation and to smooth their consumption. However, earnings smoothing could also be driven by the firm's expected benefits from reporting a smooth earnings stream. Our paper provides empirical support for the latter explanation of earnings smoothing. Specifically, we find that while CEO bonus on average increases with earnings smoothing, the increase is larger when the firm's cash flow volatility is higher. Further, CEO bonus is shielded from the negative effects of lower earnings arising from the need to report a smoother earnings stream.  相似文献   
157.
增加农民收入是扩大消费需求的最要途径   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目前,受国际金融危机的影响,世界经济增速大幅下滑。我国也不例外,虽然有强大的政策刺激,但经济增速不理想,依赖出口拉动经济增长的模式已经到了必须调整的阶段。对此,我国应该把扩大内需尤其是扩大以农民消费为主体的消费作为拉动经济增长的主引擎,努力探索增加农民收入,壮大其消费基础的途径。  相似文献   
158.
对于因重大误解而订立的合同 ,宜作为可变更或可撤销的合同处理 ,而不宜作为不成立之合同、无效的合同或只能单纯撤销的合同处理 ;因重大误解而撤销合同或变更合同的 ,误解人应赔偿相对人信赖利益的损失 ,此种责任属于缔约过失责任 ,但该赔偿责任受到一定的限制。  相似文献   
159.
论保险代位求偿权行使的范围限制   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
保险代位求偿权当然有其行使范围.时至今日,理论界有很多学者认为:"代位求偿权只在财产保险中适人身保险中不存在代位求偿权."但依有些学者的态度,保险代位求偿权不只适用于财产保险.我国<保险法>的有关规定(第68条)虽有力地支持了否定说,但亦留下了一些缺憾.笔者建议将<保险法>第68条修改为:"人身保险的被保险人因第三者的行为发生保险事故的,保险人向被被保险人或者受益人给付保险金后,不得享有向第三者追偿的权利.但被保险人或者受益人仍有权向第三者请求赔偿."这样,肯定说就难有立锥之地了.  相似文献   
160.
    
Research summary : We develop and test a contingency theory of the influence of top management team (TMT) performance‐contingent incentives on manager–shareholder interest alignment. Our results support our theory by showing that although TMTs engage in significantly higher levels of acquisition investment when their average incentive levels increase, investors' responses to those large investments are generally negative. More importantly, however, we further find that within‐TMT incentive heterogeneity conditions that effect, such that investors evaluate TMTs' large acquisition investments more positively as the variance in those top managers' incentive values increases. Thus, within‐TMT incentive heterogeneity appears to increase manager–shareholder interest alignment, in the context of large acquisition investments. Managerial summary : We find that as the average value of TMTs' incentives increase, relative to their total pay, they invest more in acquisitions and investors' respond negatively to the announcement of those deals. However, we further show that investors respond more positively to acquisitions announced by TMTs whose members' incentive values vary (some TMT members hold higher incentives and others hold lower). Results imply that when TMT members hold differing incentives levels, they approach investments from divergent perspectives, scrutinize those investments more heavily, and make better decisions, relative to TMTs with similar incentives. They also suggest that boards seeking tighter manager–shareholder interest alignment may benefit from introducing variance into TMT members' incentive structures, as doing so appears to create divergent preferences that can improve team decision making. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
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