助学贷款违约的金融风险及治理

助学贷款制度是政府弥补资本市场失效、干预教育领域资源配置的重要形式。目前,其面临的关键问题是金融违约（贷款拖欠）,这一问题将直接影响到助学贷款金融制度的可持续发展。本文从借款者个人效用最大化角度出发,构建了助学贷款的金融违约模型,分析了影响金融违约的各个因素指标,在此基础上,提出了化解学生助学贷款违约金融风险的对策。     

改进我国企业人员推销管理

目前 ,我国不少企业在对推销人员管理上较为粗放 ,存在选拔不严 ,培训不力 ,监管落后 ,激励不当 ,支持不够的问题 ,严重影响企业销售工作。应加强对推销人员的选拔、培训、监管、激励和支持 ,使推销人员管理科学化。     

进口信用证开立中银行的风险规避

进口信用证是国际业务结算诸品种中收益较高的一种.但是银行在进口开证业务快速发展的同时,也应重视风险的防范与控制,使之成为效益增长点而不是风险爆发点.     

区块链技术对供应链金融信用风险的影响——基于PSM-DID方法的实证分析

区块链技术作为一项极具颠覆性的新兴技术,为供应链金融风险控制提供了创新性解决方案。基于2017—2020年供应链金融上市公司面板数据,运用倾向得分匹配-双重差分法（PSM-DID）实证分析区块链技术的应用对供应链金融信用风险的影响。研究发现,区块链技术能够显著降低供应链金融信用风险。因此,各企业可积极引入区块链技术,利用区块链的技术优势解决信用风险难题。     

华北油田冀中电网输配电线路存在的主要问题及应对措施

本文论述了华北油田冀中电网输电线路存在的老化、线路下方违章建筑物、树木顶线、杆塔缺土、施工车辆、挖掘机、吊车误碰导线跳闸等情况,并提出了应对措施。     

降低电网企业垄断程度的改革策略分析

电网一般认为是自然垄断经营的.降低电网垄断经营的主要手段之一是输配分开.输配分开是我国电力体制改革存在争议的热点问题,具有较高的改革成本和风险.分析了自然垄断行业的模拟竞争,提出模拟竞争是在自然垄断行业引入竞争的主要方式;通过总结分析国外改革情况,提出输配分开并不是电力改革的必然选择;全面分析了输配分开的改革成本和改革风险,如输配电界限的动态变化、降低电网经营的规模效益等,指出了输配分开的改革成本和改革风险;最后分析了输配分开的期望效益.     

我国经济型酒店投资风险与措施研究

我国经济的不断增长与旅游业的发展,为新酒店业态的经济型酒店发展提供了广阔的市场空间。本文对经济型酒店进行了界定,阐述了我国经济型酒店的发展现状和存在的主要问题。分析其竞争压力和投资风险,提出了我国经济型酒店防御投资风险的措施和未来的发展策略。     

新型城镇化建设政府融资风险的防范——以辽宁省为例

新型城镇化推进可以促进区域经济的快速发展,但需要政府给予大量的资金支持。在传统融资模式可能带来较大融资风险的情况下,文章系统分析了融资风险的种类、融资风险的传导机制,进而以辽宁省为例,建议从项目入手,从风险自留、风险转换、风险转移和风险控制角度,防范政府融资风险,促进新型城镇化建设顺利推进。     

Deoxynivalenol (DON) in wheat: an example of weighing the pros and cons of food stuffs

A Committee of the Health Council of the Netherlands advised on deoxynivalenol (DON), a mycotoxin occurring in cereals. TDIs of 1.0 and 0.5?µg.kg_{body weight} ^?1.day^?1 have been based on mice and pig studies in which DON reduced growth. In 1999, the 50^th and 95^th percentiles of DON intake by 1‐4‐year‐old children were, respectively, 1.3 and 2.4?µg.kg_{body weight} ^?1.day^?1. The Committee considered: (i) TDI contains safety factors, (ii) a slightly reduced weight gain is not necessarily harmful, (iii) when growth rate is highest, children consume little or no wheat, and (iv) in real life, exposure varies, causing the effect to be smaller. The Committee concluded that an exposure that only incidentally exceeds—up to about five times—0.5?µg.kg_{body weight} ^?1.day^?1 very unlikely inhibits weight gain. More severe effects on immunity, fertility and the foetus may occur at intakes higher than 2.5µg.kg_{body weight} ^?1.day^?1. Nonetheless, toxin exposure should be kept as low as possible. The Committee advised to agriculturally reduce DON content; second one may exclude wheat with high DON content for human consumption. Limits of 500 and 100?µg/kg_wheat prevent exposure exceeding 1.5 and 0.5?µg.kg_{body weight} ^?1.day^?1, respectively. As wheat products are good sources of nutrients, the Committee advised against discouraging their consumption.     

Litteraturanmeldelse

This article examines the notion of distortion of copulas, a natural extension of distortion within the univariate framework. We study three approaches to this extension: (1) distortion of the margins alone while keeping the original copula structure; (2) distortion of the margins while simultaneously altering the copula structure; and (3) synchronized distortion of the copula and its margins. When applying distortion within the multivariate framework, it is important to preserve the properties of a copula function. For the first two approaches, this is a rather straightforward result; however, for the third approach, the proof has been exquisitely constructed in Morillas (2005). These three approaches unify the different types of multivariate distortion that have scarcely scattered in the literature. Our contribution in this paper is to further consider this unifying framework: we give numerous examples to illustrate and we examine their properties particularly with some aspects of ordering multivariate risks. The extension of multivariate distortion can be practically implemented in risk management where there is a need to perform aggregation and attribution of portfolios of correlated risks. Furthermore, ancillary to the results discussed in this article, we are able to generalize the formula developed by Genest &; Rivest (2001) for computing the distribution of the probability integral transformation of a random vector and extend it to the case within the distortion framework. For purposes of illustration, we applied the distortion concept to value excess of loss reinsurance for an insurance policy where the loss amount could vary by type of loss.