期限错配如何影响商业银行的稳健性——基于商业银行微观数据的实证分析

本文从理论层面梳理了我国商业银行期限错配与经营稳健性之间的内在传导机制。在此基础上,以2011—2018年间我国202家商业银行的非平衡面板数据为样本,实证分析了期限错配对银行稳健性的影响,并按照银行性质不同进行了异质性研究。研究发现:(1)期限错配显著弱化了银行经营的稳健性;(2)将影响程度进行分样本比较,全国性股份制银行高于城市商业银行,大型国有商业银行和农村商业银行结果不显著;(3)进一步分析期限错配影响银行稳健性的传导渠道,发现流动性风险在两者之间具有显著的中介效应,在样本分类比较中,全国性股份制银行流动性风险的相对贡献为10.3%,低于城市商业银行的22.6%,说明相较于城市商业银行,全国性股份制银行的融资渠道多、融资能力强,因而流动性风险对其稳健性的影响有限。     

Validating a consumer-based service brand equity (CBSBE) model in the airline industry

Over time, scholars have argued that consumer-based brand equity (CBBE) models are less suitable for service-dominant brands, mainly because the role of customer experience with services is often disregarded. Also, the absence of two essential components, brand consistency and perceived value, signals a lack of depth in creating service brand equity. To address these gaps, we examine service-branding theory by conceptualizing and validating a consumer-based service brand equity (CBSBE) model in Sarker et al. (2019) in the context of airlines. Airline service direct experience and brand consistency are highly important aspects for strengthening brand equity components of services. Subsequently, maximizing perceived value, followed by creating favorable brand meaning are the nucleus of branding services. Using the most advanced PLS-SEM techniques, our CBSBE model is highly robust in explaining the theoretical notion of creating service brand equity. Thus, achieving a pleasant and desirable experience and maintaining consistency across direct service touchpoints would be an effective strategy for service organizations.     

Testing whetherF is more IFR thanG

A distributionF is said to be “more IFR” than another distributionG ifG ⁻¹ F is convex. WhenF(0) =G(0) = 0, the problem of testingH ₀ :F(x) =G (θx) for someθ > 0 andx ⩾ 0, against the alternativeH _A:F is more IFR thanG, is considered in this paper. Both cases, whenG is completely specified (one-sample case) and when it is not specified but a random sample form it is available (two-sample case) are considered. The proposed tests are based onU-statistics. The asymptotic relative efficiency of the tests are compared with several other tests and the test statistics remain asymptotically normal under certain dependency assumptions. Research supported in part by a grant from the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research.     

经营投资问责与国有企业风险防范——基于股价崩盘风险视角的实证研究

以股价崩盘风险为研究视角,采用交错双重差分模型考察经营投资问责制度对国有企业风险防范的影响。研究结果表明,经营投资问责制度实施之后,国有企业的股价崩盘风险显著降低,而提高投资决策稳健性、降低代理成本和改善信息不透明度是经营投资问责制度发挥作用的重要机制。拓展性研究发现,经营投资问责对股价崩盘风险的抑制作用在高管激励更强、法治环境更好和行政层级更高的企业中更明显。进一步的经济后果分析发现,经营投资问责缓解股价崩盘风险后显著提升了国有资本保值增值率。研究结论不仅为经营投资问责制度的有效性提供了新的证据,还为健全国有企业问责体系、防范化解金融风险提供了重要的政策启示。     

货币政策对企业劳动投资效率的影响研究

基于2010—2020年我国A股上市公司的相关数据,对货币政策与企业劳动投资效率之间的关系进行探讨。研究发现,在货币政策紧缩时,企业劳动投资效率会有明显的提高,会计稳健性的提高以及自由现金流量的减少是紧缩性货币政策影响企业劳动投资效率的主要作用机制。进一步研究发现,高质量的公司治理水平会抑制紧缩性货币政策对企业劳动投资效率的影响。非效率劳动投资分组检验结果表明,紧缩性货币政策对企业劳动投资效率的促进效应,更多地表现为抑制劳动投资过度。     

Invader strategies in the war of attrition with private information

Second price all-pay auctions (wars of attritions) have an evolutionarily stable equilibrium in pure strategies if valuations are private information. I show that for any level of uncertainty there exists a pure deviation strategy arbitrarily close to the equilibrium strategy such that for some valuations the equilibrium strategy has a selective disadvantage against the deviation if the population mainly plays the deviation strategy. I show that agents with those valuations would prefer to deviate even farther from the equilibrium strategy, if the population collectively uses the deviation strategy. I argue that in the Bayesian game studied here, a mass deviation can be caused by the entry of a small group of agents. The results provided in this paper imply that the equilibrium strategy is indeed unstable if one considers rare and independent mutations on the space of valuations. Numeric calculations indicate that the closer the deviation strategy to the equilibrium strategy, the more valuations are destabilizing.     

Penalized h-likelihood approach for variable selection in AFT random-effect models

Survival models allowing for random effects (e.g., frailty models) have been widely used for analyzing clustered time-to-event data. Accelerated failure time (AFT) models with random effects are useful alternatives to frailty models. Because survival times are directly modeled, interpretation of the fixed and random effects is straightforward. Moreover, the fixed effect estimates are robust against various violations of the assumed model. In this paper, we propose a penalized h-likelihood (HL) procedure for variable selection of fixed effects in the AFT random-effect models. For the purpose of variable selection, we consider three penalty functions, namely, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), smoothly clipped absolute deviation (SCAD), and HL. We demonstrate via simulation studies that the proposed variable selection procedure is robust against the misspecification of the assumed model. The proposed method is illustrated using data from a bladder cancer clinical trial.     

The relevance and relative robustness of sources of inflation bias in Pakistan

We empirically examine the relevance and relative robustness of stabilization and non-stabilization sources of inflation bias for the typical discretionary monetary policy strategy of Pakistan. First, the stabilization and non-stabilization sources of inflation bias are identified, and their proxy variables are constructed. Second, a robustness evaluation strategy is developed based on bivariate and multivariate analysis of cointegrating relationships among inflation bias indicators and potential sources thereof to determine their long-term relevance and relative robustness or fragility. The stabilization sources of inflation bias such as exploitation of the inflation output trade-off for growth stimulation and the central bank’s preference for growth stabilization are the most relevant and relatively robust sources of inflation bias vis-à-vis the non-stabilization sources. Among the non-stabilization sources, only openness is partially relevant but is fragile.     

我国信贷资金分布与宏观经济波动关系的实证研究

银行信贷将为经济短期内实现反转提供强有力的支撑,但是,信贷资金的各个部分对宏观经济有不同的效应。对信贷及其组成部分与经济周期的关系进行计量检验,得到的结论是:信贷资金的分布与经济增长率的周期性波动存在明显的内在联系;而且,中长期贷款和建筑贷款的周期性波动提前于经济增长,工业贷款和商业贷款的周期性波动与经济增长率相对一致。因此,宏观调控部门应积极引导信贷资金流向效应明显的领域。