博弈合作下的市场决定作用和政府高效调控

政府与市场之间关系的变更、边界的调整,是一个长期和动态的博弈过程,政府与市场博弈的结果呈现四种组合模式,由于市场经济中存在着"市场失灵"与"政府失灵"现象,政府与市场之间应建构一种相互合作、相互纠补的新型关系。从我国市场经济改革变迁与演化的历史经验来看,必须科学厘清政府与市场的关系,明确政府与市场的边界;使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用,加快推进政府职能转变与创新;掌握好政府收和放的关系,更好地发挥政府有效调控功能;让政府与市场在博弈中实现优势互补,达到市场决定与政府调控的最佳契合点。     

Reflections on pilgrims' identity,role and interplay with the pilgrimage environment

This article critically analyses the evolving concepts of the identities and roles of pilgrims as well as how their interaction with the pilgrimage environment contributes to a better understanding of the religious journey in the postmodern society. The article concludes that the predominantly theoretical paradigm framing pilgrimage as a tourism phenomenon might be limited and downplays the complexity of the pilgrims' experience nowadays. Alternatively, it proposes to explore the experience in terms of the pilgrims' evolving identity and role based on two universes. The first explores the impact of exposure to different levels of mundane dimensions in everyday life; and the second unveils the possible influences of the Ego–Alter (pilgrim–pilgrimage environment) relationship on pilgrims' identities and roles. The theoretical review and discussion on these reflections develops an alternative experiential spectrum that looks at these identities and roles. This proposed spectrum is constructed by four pilgrim typecasts stretching from the ‘traditional pilgrim’ up to and including the ‘post-postmodern’ one. This spectrum allows a better understanding of the cohabitation of different pilgrim typecasts experiencing the pilgrimage environment simultaneously but with varying levels of religious engagement.     

Sequential coordination,higher-order belief dynamics and the E-stability principle

This paper explores convergence in higher-order beliefs – otherwise called eductive stability – when coordination is sequential, that is, when each agent of a given type fixes his own actions after observing the ones of earlier types in a given order. The presence of sequential types enhances expectational coordination in the case of strategic substitutability, but not in the case of strategic complementarity. In particular, eductive stability can be obtained for any degree of substitutability, provided the number of sequential types is large enough. Therefore, sequential coordination opens up to the possibility that eductive convergence occurs at the same conditions of adaptive convergence, in accordance to the E-stability principle.     

So,What Am I Supposed to Do? A Multilevel Examination of Role Clarity

Although prior research generally holds that role clarity is affected by both individual characteristics and organizational contexts, current conceptual or empirical models do not reflect the multilevel nature of these antecedents. A more complete understanding of how role clarity emanates from different organizational levels is necessary to help prevent poor job performance and other harmful consequences of ambiguous role expectations. To address this, I begin this research by investigating the effects of internal work locus of control, general self‐efficacy, and leader–member exchange on role clarity. With respect to the cross‐level effects, I focus on the roles of a manager's control style and the organization's strategy‐making pattern. Analyses of a multi‐industry, multilevel dataset collected from 724 employees and 124 managers in 25 organizations in Finland suggest that all of the individual‐level independent variables and a deliberate strategy‐making pattern improve role clarity. However, a deliberate strategy‐making pattern negatively moderates the relationship between general self‐efficacy and role clarity. Finally, even though an outcome‐based control system causes role ambiguity among employees in most functional areas, it may be an effective driver of role clarity among employees in sales jobs.     

Economics of carbon sequestration under fluctuating economic environment,forest management and technological changes: An application to forest stands in the southern United States

This study presents a model that determines the effect of current and future payments for carbon sequestration, proportion of wood that sequesters carbon in long-lived product and landfills, and amount of carbon in the wood, on the optimal current forest harvest age. Increased current and future prices of carbon would lead to a longer and shorter harvest age, respectively. Higher current prices of carbon could increase the supply of carbon at a decreasing rate due to longer harvest ages. Moderate prices of carbon would encourage landowners to maintain standing timber. Policies focused then on stimulating landowners to hold timber on forestlands may not necessarily imply higher amounts of sequestered carbon. Increased future values of carbon could imply a reduction of the current supply of carbon.     

参与式治理中的政府角色定位和能力建设研究

参与式治理作为政府未来的治理模式之一被实施和推广。参与式治理并不意味着政府的全然退出,有效的参与式治理有赖于政府角色的定位和能力的建设。温岭民主恳谈案例研究表明政府角色和能力建设在参与式治理中的重要性。参与式治理中政府的角色定位应是帮助者、服务者和合作者,政府能力建设包括制度能力建设、网络管理能力建设和政府人员胜任力建设。     

远程开放大学在终身教育中的作用与价值

构建全民终生教育体系、建设学习型社会是我国现代教育发展的宏伟目标,体现我国现代化教育理念的丰富内涵和国民教育迫切的现实需要。现代远程开放大学以其诸多优势在构建科学规范和高质高效的现代化终身教育体系中体现了其独具的价值,并发挥着越来越大的作用。     

社会性别角色与商标语言创意

现代商品生产既要满足消费者的物质需求,更要满足他们的心理需求。传统文化所塑造的性别角色差异成了商品面向不同性别消费者的文化诉求。性别角色诉求是商标语言创意的重要手段之一。     

论企业管理在中小企业发展中的作用

文章通过分述企业管理的计划管理、生产管理、物资管理、质量管理、成本管理、财务管理、人力资源管理在中小企业发展中所起的重要作用，来阐明7个要素在中小企业发展中不可或缺的地位，从而为中小企业更好、更快地发展提供思路。     

公众参与公共政策制定过程中政府与公众的角色定位

公共政策的＂公共性＂特征,政策制定科学化与民主的要求,以及＂政府失灵＂的存在,使得公众参与公共政策制定成为必要。政府与公众的互动在公共政策制定过程中十分必要。在对政府和公众的角色定位进行分析的基础上,从政府和公众两个方面探讨公共政策制定过程中公众参与的路径选择。