Say-on-pay judgements: the two-strikes rule and the pay-performance link

We undertake an experiment to explore shareholder voting behaviour when the pay-performance link is weak or strong; and when there has (has not) been a first strike in the preceding year. We find shareholders are more supportive of a remuneration package evidencing a strong pay-performance link than a weak link. Further, shareholders are less supportive of a remuneration package when there has been a first strike in the preceding year than when there has not been a first strike. Importantly, we find that a first strike reduces the effect of the pay-performance link on voting intentions.     

Biogeography based optimization for mining rules to assess credit risk

Financial institutions, by and large, rely on the use of machine learning techniques to improve the classic credit risk assessment model for reduction of costs, delivery of faster decisions, guaranteed credit collections, and risk mitigations. As such, several data mining and machine learning approaches have been developed for computation of credit scores over the last few decades. Moreover, the existing rule-based classification algorithms tend to generate a number of rules with a large number of conditions in the antecedent part. However, these algorithms fail to demonstrate high predictive accuracy while balancing coverage and simplicity. Thus, it becomes quite a challenging task for the researchers to generate an optimal rule set with high predictive accuracy. In this paper, we present an effective rule based classification technique for the prediction of credit risk using a novel Biogeography Based Optimization (BBO) method. The novel BBO in the context of rule mining is named as locally and globally tuned biogeography based rule-miner (LGBBO-RuleMiner). This is applied for discovering optimal rule set with high predictive accuracy from the dataset containing both the categorical and continuous attributes. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared against a variety of rule-miners such as OneR (1R), PART, JRip, Decision Table, Conjunctive Rule, J48, and Random Tree, along with some meta-heuristic based rule mining techniques by considering two credit risk datasets obtained from University of California, Irvine (UCI) repository. It is found from the comparative study that the proposed rule miner in ten independent runs of ten-fold cross validation outperforms all of the aforesaid algorithms in terms of predictive accuracy, coverage, and simplicity.     

买卖型担保中流质条款效力的证成与强化

审判实践不应僵化地援引禁止流质规则来无效化买卖型担保中的流质条款，以避免将买卖型担保重新装回典型担保的制度牢笼。禁止流质规则作为强制性预防措施有一定的合理性，在其立法目的必要性日渐丧失的情况下，扩张解释或者类推适用禁止流质规则均不可取，买卖型担保中的流质条款合法有效。对债权人课以清算义务，能够强化流质条款的正当性，从而彻底扫清买卖型担保中流质条款有效化的伦理障碍。担保人应负初步举证责任，只有价值差额超过“24%年利率上限”时才能启动清算，以确保流质条款的效率优势。尽管流质条款与以物抵债具有相似性，但不得以禁止流质规则束缚非买卖型担保中的以物抵债。     

I don't want to be a rule enforcer during the COVID-19 pandemic: Frontline employees' plight

This research explores the pandemic-related experiences of frontline employees (FLEs) relative to customer rule-enforcement interactions within retail and service industries. Using a survey, incorporating closed-ended and CIT questions, we investigated, from the FLEs' perspectives, the occupational stress of rule-enforcement, company expectations of FLEs regarding rule enforcement, and the emotional impact of customer interactions on FLEs. Results indicate that several customer misbehaviors, such as not following rules and being rude, produce significant occupational stress. Further, based on our CIT assessments, many of the FLEs’ recounted rule-enforcement incidents involved negative customer reactions, translating to heightened negativity for FLEs due to emotional contagion.     

数据挖掘在静电放电防护理论中的应用

研究了应用遗传算法进行关联规则挖掘的方法,提出了对遗传算法中适应度函数的构造、数据的编码等的改进方案,将改进的自适应P_c,P_m算法应用到遗传算法中来,从而提高了算法的效率；将其应用到静电放电防护的实验中去,取得了良好效果。     

国外有关问题银行关闭政策法规比较及其对我国的启示

一旦因问题银行引发系统性的金融危机可能会给整个经济造成致命打击,因而如何准确判断问题银行并适时予以关闭成为各国银行监管当局的重要任务之一.国外有关问题银行关闭的政策法规,在具体描述上可以根据标准的清晰程度分为明确的法则决定（自动式的规范）和权衡决定（一般概括性原则）.本文在对此两种决定进行比较评述的基础上,结合东西方文化的差异及其对各国问题银行关闭政策法规的影响,提出建立完善我国问题银行关闭政策法规的相关建议.     

企业物流外包决策的经济准则

通过建立模型,比较企业物流外包前后的利润水平,提出一个判别物流外包能否增加企业利润的准则。该准则表明,并非只要服务商的成本低于外包企业,外包企业就能通过物流外包提高利润水平,而是存在一个阈值。该阈值由外包企业的生产、销售、自营物流成本等因素综合决定,只有将物流业务外包给成本低于该阈值的服务商,才能提高外包企业的利润水平。     

Optimal interest rate stabilization in a basic sticky-price model

This paper studies optimal monetary policy with the nominal interest rate as the single policy instrument. Firms set prices in a staggered way without indexation and real money balances contribute separately to households’ utility. The optimal deterministic steady state under commitment is the Friedman rule—even if the importance assigned to the utility of money is small relative to consumption and leisure. We approximate the model around the optimal steady state as the long-run policy target. Optimal monetary policy is characterized by stabilization of the nominal interest rate instead of inflation stabilization as the predominant principle.     

《非货币性资产交换》准则导向变迁及对报表审计的影响

文章以我国制定非货币性资产交换准则的历史为线索,分析不同阶段相关准则的导向特征,并结合新《非货币性资产交换》准则的导向分析,对上市公司报表中涉及非货币性资产交换事项的审计问题展开探讨。     

新《企业财务通则》取得的几个重大突破

新《企业财务通则》是政府对国有企业财务管理的基本规范,已于2007年率先在国有企业施行。文章分析了新财务通则在理顺政府与国有企业权责关系,切实赋予企业财务管理自主权、按现代企业制度要求规范企业财务管理、完善职工薪酬制度和加强财务风险管理等方面取得的重大突破。