Vendor Hygienic Practices and Consumer Perception of Food Safety during the Carnival festival on the island of Tobago,West Indies

Local festivals are usually the highlights on the small island, Tobago, West Indies. The street vendors capitalized on the Carnival season where they provide a variety of foods and beverages on‐demand for masqueraders and spectators. Therefore, this study examined food safety and hygienic practices by vendors and consumer perception of such practices at the Carnival festivals in Tobago. Standard structured questionnaires and observational checklists were compiled and administered to 50 vendors and 150 consumers at five Carnival events. Each vendor was observed for frequency of practices for 15–20 min. Consumers were sampled systematically (every fifth person encountered) at each event. The vendors examined were generally female (70.0%), 41–50 years old (34.0%), possessed less than primary education (36.0%), acquired more than 5 years of experience (44.0%) and were stationary (78.0%). The most common food prepared and sold was hot dog (36.0% of all sold foods). Educated vendors practised good personal hygiene and on‐site food handling, whereas the others performed improper practices such as absence of aprons and hair covering, wearing of jewellery and handling money while serving. Also, vendors displaying valid food badges generally practised more proper personal hygiene and food handling than those without badges. The majority of the consumers examined were residents of Tobago (80.0%), female (74.7%), 21–30 years old (39.3%) and possessed secondary education (53.3%). More than half of the consumers purchased foods at Carnival events (57.3%). Most (82.7%) who did not purchase stored foods in coolers. More than half (58.0%) had seen or read Carnival food safety articles in the local newspapers and most (96.0%) were aware that illnesses can be transmitted via consumption of food. Additionally, 42 out of 74 respondents (56.8%), who indicated that they were affected by foodborne illness, sought medical help when foodborne illness was suspected. However, a mere 13 out of 74 consumers (17.6%), who indicated that they were affected by foodborne illness, lodged reports of suspected foodborne illness with the local health authority. Younger consumers (21–30 years old) mostly read food safety articles and were conscious of illness being transmitted via consumption of food. In addition, the more educated consumers (tertiary education) indicated awareness as well as formal reporting of foodborne illness. Some gaps in vendor practices included handling of money while serving (78.0%), failure to clean utensils (68.0%) and access to water (48.0%). Noteworthy, only visual observation and interviews were utilized in the study.     

大学生安全素养的培育研究

通过对大学生安全问题进行问卷调查,从食品、防火、防骗、放盗以及心理安全等方面对所呈现出的安全问题现状和特点进行了分析,论述了培养大学生安全素养的必要性和重要性,从安全技能教育、心理健康教育、学生管理等方面提出了培养大学生安全素养的途径。     

消费者对农产品质量安全的关注度及管理策略

本文在疏理国内外相关理论研究文献的基础上,通过调查获得的数据,分析不同特征的消费者对农产品安全质量的关注状况,并提出了相应的管理策略,为加强农产品的质量安全管理及市场管理提供重要的依据,也利于进一步规范农产品的生产和流通,增强国内农产品的竞争力。     

导弹信息系统的安全性分析

随着通信技术和窃密、破密技术的发展,需对指令码进行加密处理,可防伪造、防抄袭、防泄漏。本文对导弹信息系统的安全性包括安全目标、安全服务及安全机制进行分析,完成对导弹的控制。为了提高数据的可靠及信息战斗码的安全,应采用必要的手段加以防护,使导弹能够安全、可靠、正常地飞行。     

基于生态足迹的甘孜州与内蒙古草地生态安全对比研究

甘孜州与内蒙古草地资源都十分丰富,都面临畜牧业的发展与草地保护问题,其生态安全都备受广泛关注.本文利用生态足迹评价模型,计算甘孜州与内蒙古1995-2008年草地生态足迹,并对其生态安全进行了对比研究.结果表明,甘孜州与内蒙古草地都处于生态不安全的状态,但由于人口、经济、城市化水平等因素的差异,导致甘孜州与内蒙古生态安...     

从樟州渔村看我国渔业发展的几个问题

为深入基层了解渔区渔业情况,践行我部“接地气、察民情”实践活动要求,我们来到重点渔区浙江省舟山市樟州村,实地调研渔业发展和渔业管理工作。调研了解到,我国海洋渔业的可持续发展面临挑战,渔业安全生产尚存薄弱环节,渔业政策和管理措施的执行力需要加强。渔业的可持续发展,要下大力气调结构、转方式,建设现代渔业,同时要控制捕捞强度、养护渔业资源。要努力构建渔业安全生产长效机制,保障渔业生产安全。渔业政策和管理措施的有效执行,在于政策设计科学,可操作性强,宣传到位并得到理解支持,要重视执法能力的建设。     

基于重点环节把握山区农产品质量安全 ———从湖北恩施看山区农产品质量安全保障之路

我国山区面积广大,农产品生产特点鲜明.该文以恩施山区为例,在深入分析恩施州农产品质量安全监管取得的成绩和存在问题的基础上,从宏观、中观和微观3个层面对保障农产品质量安全的路径进行研究,进一步提出了保障山区农产品质量安全的路径选择和对策建议.     

The role of certificate issuer on consumers’ willingness‐to‐pay for milk traceability in China

In response to increasing concerns about domestic food safety issues, establishing tracking systems in the food industry is mandatorily required under newly launched food safety laws. However, the kinds of monitoring and certification systems that should be set up to ensure practical adoption and the effectiveness of the regulation remain unclear. This study aims to analyze consumers’ preferences for milk traceability, with particular interest in investigating how consumers’ preferences could be affected by monitoring and certification systems of the regarding system. Survey data from a choice‐based conjoint (CBC) experiment are used to achieve this objective. In the experiment, milk is defined by a set of attributes in which we assume that milk traceability can be certified by three entities: the government, an industrial association, and a third party. The CBC data are then analyzed by using the alternative‐specific form of a conditional Logit (McFadden's Choice) model. We found that urban Chinese consumers have a strong desire for traceable milk, but their preference for traceable milk is significantly related to the associated certificate issuers. Currently, the highest willingness‐to‐pay goes to government certificated traceable milk, followed by industrial association certificated and third‐party certificated milks. In the future, however, consumers are likely to give more credit to third‐party certification with rising income and knowledge.     

Consumers' Perception of Food Product Quality in Tunisia

Abstract

This paper investigates consumers' perception of food quality in Tunisia. In fact, the development of quality standards is driven by government regulations and mostly in response to export markets regulations. The role of consumers in this process is quite missing. This paper first highlights the current food safety and quality programs undertaken by the Tunisian government. Second, we use a sample of 150 consumers chosen at random at two of the largest hypermarkets in Tunisia to analyze consumers' behavior regarding quality. The paper shows strong concerns about hygiene among other quality attributes and strong awareness about quality and quality assurance schemes in general. Consumers are also motivated by habits of consuming home made products for hygiene and taste reasons. If appropriate quality systems were implemented to assure consumers about such attributes this would boost up demand for quality products.     

Consumer Concern About Food Safety and Its Impact on Their Familiarity With Food Traceability Systems in China

Consumer familiarity is critical in the promotion of food traceability systems. The authors used consumer survey data from four cities in China to conduct a quantitative investigation of consumer concern about food safety and its impact on the consumers’ familiarity with food traceability systems. Statistical analysis and a Probit model were used, and the results show a high level of consumer concern about food safety. In contrast, consumers’ familiarity with food traceability systems is very low. Consumers’ concern about food safety significantly influences their familiarity with food traceability systems. In addition, consumers’ age, work experiences related to the food industry, and habit of asking for food receipts or invoices all have significant influences on their familiarity with food traceability systems.