工程预决算编制中的问题分析及控制和管理探讨

随着工程建设项目的逐渐增多,给经济社会发展带来了诸多的有利因素,同时也伴随着更多的工程项目施工建设中的一系列问题。全面加强工程预决算编制的有效控制和管理,能实现对工程项目的整体把握,尤其是涉及到工程建设中的项目投资状况分析、经济监督手段、招投标、经营水平等多方面的内容,形成科学性、规范性、权威性集中的工程特点和需求。本文在全面分析工程预决算编制过程中出现的主要问题和现状,从而全面提出适合工程项目建设发展的预决算编制的控制方法和管理手段,为企业在工程投资情况、项目运行状况、企业经营模式等,构建推动企业全面发展的工程预决算编制。     

Minimax regret treatment choice with covariates or with limited validity of experiments

This paper continues the investigation of minimax regret treatment choice initiated by Manski (2004). Consider a decision maker who must assign treatment to future subjects after observing outcomes experienced in a sample. A certain scoring rule is known to achieve minimax regret in simple versions of this decision problem. I investigate its sensitivity to perturbations of the decision environment in realistic directions. They are as follows. (i) Treatment outcomes may be influenced by a covariate whose effect on outcome distributions is bounded (in one of numerous probability metrics). This is interesting because introduction of a covariate with unrestricted effects leads to a pathological result. (ii) The experiment may have limited validity because of selective noncompliance or because the sampling universe is a potentially selective subset of the treatment population. Thus, even large samples may generate misleading signals. These problems are formalized via a “bounds” approach that turns the problem into one of partial identification.In both scenarios, small but positive perturbations leave the minimax regret decision rule unchanged. Thus, minimax regret analysis is not knife-edge-dependent on ignoring certain aspects of realistic decision problems. Indeed, it recommends to entirely disregard covariates whose effect is believed to be positive but small, as well as small enough amounts of missing data or selective attrition. All findings are finite sample results derived by game theoretic analysis.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备SiO2/TiO2多层膜的研究

通过对溶胶、热处理温度以及溶胶-凝胶过程中反应和存放的环境温度及湿度等参数的调整,研究了在实验室条件下制备SiO2/TiO2多层膜的方法.已制备出折射率可调的溶胶,所镀制的SiO2薄膜折射率在1.18～1.41之间可调,TiO2薄膜折射率在1.80～2.20之间可调.采用椭偏仪、红外分光光度计、紫外-可见分光光度计等对所制得的多层膜的性能进行了研究,结果表明,实验条件对SiO2/TiO2多层膜的制备非常重要.     

抽样调查中无回答误差的分析与调整

分析无回答误差产生的原因和影响,在抽样调查的过程中,结合市场调查的次序和方式采取无回答误差的预防措施。对已经产生无回答的数据,用样本替代法和加权调整法对缺失数据进行调整,这两种方法都提高了调查数据的可靠性和准确性,有效降低无回答率。     

新会计准则下公司盈余管理研究

盈余管理是企业的管理者为实现自身利益或企业的市场价值最大化目标,在会计准则允许的范围内,主要通过会计政策的选择,来调节企业盈余的行为。本文介绍了公司盈余管理的原因,剖析了新会计准则对公司盈余的限制和新会计准则下盈余管理的可能途径,并提出相关对策建议。     

市场经济国家预算编制改革的主要做法及启示

政府预算的编制改革在我国仍处于起步阶段,这一改革注定要触及围绕预算而形成的现有利益关系格局,改革进程一路艰难。"他山之石,可以功玉",市场经济国家的改革探索为我们提供了可资借鉴的经验。本文在对市场经济国家政府预算改革历程进行概括的基础上,归纳出有代表性的政府预算编制改革的主要做法,基于任何一个公共财政管理系统都应具备的一些基本共性,得出对我国政府预算改革有益的启示。     

高速耐水酪素商标胶粘剂的研制

本文介绍了一种以干酪素为主要原料研制的酪素商标胶的制备工艺及产品性能，讨论了分散剂、交联剂、淀粉用量、pH值对酪素胶的制备与性能的影响。本工艺制备的酪素胶具有好的粘贴性能，可替代进口产品。     

Modeling Methods for Discrete Choice Analysis

This paper introduces new forms, sampling and estimation approaches fordiscrete choice models. The new models include behavioral specifications oflatent class choice models, multinomial probit, hybrid logit, andnon-parametric methods. Recent contributions also include new specializedchoice based sample designs that permit greater efficiency in datacollection. Finally, the paper describes recent developments in the use ofsimulation methods for model estimation. These developments are designed toallow the applications of discrete choice models to a wider variety ofdiscrete choice problems.     

TiO2光催化氧化研究进展

本文着重介绍了光催化氧化反应的特点，TiO2的性质及光催化的原理，TiO2光催化剂的制各方法及其应用，提出目前存在的问题，对研究开发方向做了展望。