Is the growth of regionalism as significant as the headlines suggest? Lessons from agricultural trade

The proliferation of regional trade agreements (RTAs) has motivated a significant number of ex post econometric studies investigating their agricultural trade impacts. The general conclusion is that RTAs increase members’ trade by as much as 150%, on average. In this article, we demonstrate that previous empirical work likely misrepresents the impact of RTAs because of considerable heterogeneity in the depth of economic integration pursued by these agreements. Contrary to previous studies, the results reveal that RTAs are not universally trade creating, and some agreements appear to provide very little benefit. “Deep integration agreements,” on the other hand, are largely responsible for the impressive agricultural trade flow increases reported in the literature. Testing the hierarchy of RTAs largely confirms the theory: the benefits of regionalism are an increasing function of the depth of economic integration.     

从国际发展趋势看我国消费税改革

消费税是世界各国普遍征收的税种，发达国家的税制比较完善，课税范围更广、更合理。我国现代的消费税法起步较晚。通过研究消费税的国际发展趋势，学习和借鉴先进经验，适当调整我国消费税法，不断发展和完善，使其与国际接轨。     

九江市城镇体系发展与布局研究

从九江市城镇体系形成，发展的历史过程及条件入手，分析了其现状特征。并从区域经济角度提出了本区城镇体系在新形热下的发展与突间布局构想。     

浅谈STP超薄高效保温板防火性能

外墙保温防火成为近几年社会各界普遍关心的社会问题,国家相关部门为此也颁布了相应的通知,文章是就防火性能比较优越的STP超薄高效保温板的防火性能结合实际工程施工经验进行归纳总结,从STP超薄高效保温板的基本情况、防火原理、应用范围、自身特点等方面进行了研究。     

中国证券业的范围经济研究

基于广义超越对数函数,本文考察了2006-2011年间国内76家综合型证券公司业务经营的范围经济效应。研究结果显示,国内证券公司经营过程中普遍存在范围经济效应,并且大型证券公司的范围经济效应比中小型证券公司高。为此,本文提出证券监管部门应该鼓励证券公司进行业务创新,减少对证券公司业务开展的限制;鼓励证券公司之间的兼并。证券公司应该加快金融创新的步伐,不断开发新的产品,完善内部管理机制。     

中国政府采购范围制度及其制度协调

我国<政府采购法>在采购资金、采购主体及采购对象范围制度方面,由于相关概念界定不清.导致实际操作中出现了很多困惑.本文认为,应根据我国国情,借鉴发达国家政府采购范围制度经验.调整政府采购资金范围,对财政性资金、混合型资金、地方债务及捐赠资金进行明确界定;合理划分政府采购主体范围.将国家机关、非营利事业单位、非法人团体组织列为一级采购主体,将营利性事业单位、法入团体组织、公共企业及委托一级主体的中介机构列为二级采购主体;对政府采购对象范围进行明确界定,以避免实际操作中出现歧义;对政府采购资金、主体、对象范围相互交叉的现象作出制度安排,并在<政府采购法实施条例>中进行规范.     

ECONOMIES OF SCALE AND SCOPE IN POSTAL OUTLETS UNDER CONSIDERATION OF UNOBSERVED HETEROGENEITY

ABSTRACT: We analyze economies of scale and scope in Swiss Post's post offices and franchised postal agencies under consideration of different underlying production technologies and unobserved factors using a latent class model. The results confirm the existence of unobserved heterogeneity and of increasing economies of scale and scope in the Swiss Post's outlet network.     

Market Structures with Multi-product Firms: Welfare Analysis and Policy Implications

In the real world firms operate in more than one market and consequently can exploit scope economies and/or demand complementarities. Introducing multi-product firms in the picture makes the standard assumption that more competition is always beneficial for social welfare less clear-cut. In this paper we show that a concentrated structure can be socially preferable in the presence of scope economies, whereas a fragmented structure has to be preferred when products are close substitutes. We also identify either analytically or numerically the socially optimal market structure when aggregate output (and then consumer surplus) or total welfare are used as ranking criteria. The analysis is useful for discussing which market structure should be favored by policy makers aimed at introducing competition in sectors which were previously monopolized by state-owned firms. To that respect, our findings point out that not only the level (number of firms) but also the form (type of firms) of competition matters.     

审计侵权责任中第三人范围认定的经济学分析

对注册会计师侵权责任中的第三人范围认定的经济学分析表明,一味强调扩大注册会计师民事法窜责任的边界,并不是解决注册会计师审计侵权民事责任的最优方法.应将审计侵权民事责任置于公司治理结构的框架下,合理设定注册会计师审计侵权责任的预防水平,寻求最小的预期社会成本,在注册会计师、被审计单位及公众投资者等利害关系人之间实现利益平衡.     

传统自然垄断理论与现代自然垄断理论的比较及其启示

自然垄断产业具有特殊性质,在国民经济中具有举足轻重的作用。传统自然垄断理论和现代自然垄断理论对自然垄断产业有着不同的看法,两者判断自然垄断的标准分别是规模经济和成本弱增性。自然垄断理论的演进过程表明自然垄断产业的运作方式已经发生了改变。为了适应中国自然垄断产业的进一步发展,政府必须转变职能并实行政企分开,积极引入民间资本以推动自然垄断行业发展。