怒江州土地利用模拟及生态系统服务价值评估——基于PLUS模型的多情景分析

[目的]为测度怒江州土地利用及生态系统服务价值。[方法]文章借助斑块生成土地利用变化模拟模型（Patch-generating Land Use Simulation Model,PLUS）及当量因子法计算3种情景下土地利用变化的生态系统服务价值（Ecosystem Services Values,ESV）,选取2013年和2019年两期遥感数据及2013—2019年NPP和粮食产量、播种面积以及粮食价格数据进行2025年土地利用变化模拟并对其生态系统服务价值进行评估。[结果]（1）采用PLUS模型对2025年怒江州土地利用变化类型模拟的效果较好,其总体精度为82.3%,FOM值为0.26,说明模型具有普适性;（2） 2019年自然情景下的ESV为764.18亿元,2025年自然发展、生态保护及耕地保护情景的ESV分别为759.42亿元、764.16亿元和762.80亿元;（3）生态价值敏感度小于1,表明怒江州ESV对生态系数缺乏弹性,结果可信;（4）在生态价值变化度中,林地和水域变化度大于1,说明林地和水域面积变化对怒江州ESV的影响大。[结论]怒江州土地利用变化度小,生态系统服务价...     

基于动机理论的线上政务服务影响因素研究——个人信息保护视角

当前个人信息保护问题使公众在使用线上政务服务的意愿与实际应用缺乏弥合,致使产生不信任行为。以个人信息保护为切入点,根据动机理论,借鉴ACSI(美国顾客满意度指数)模型,从公众驱动型动机和政府驱动型动机两方面探讨影响公众使用线上政务的原因,并采用Amos进行证测。结果表明个人信息保护是影响公众使用意愿的关键因素。为解决上述问题,构建基于区块链技术的概念框架,以促进我国线上政务服务中信息保护机制的发展,推动我国数字政务化智能化进程。     

关于城市区级政府购买社会组织公共服务的分析和思考——以上海市杨浦区为例

社会组织是社会建设的重要组成部分。如何科学、高效地管理好社会组织,成为社会管理的一个重要课题。政府购买社会组织公共服务这一举措有效推动了政府从全能型政府向有限职能和有限责任政府的转变。     

Measuring the impact of the approach to migration in the quality of web service interfaces

There is a good consensus on the strategic value of service-oriented architecture (SOA) as a way of structuring systems, and a common trend is to migrate legacy applications that use outdated technologies and architectures to SOA. We study the effects in the resulting Web Service interfaces of applying two traditional migration approaches combined with common ways of building services, namely, direct migration with code-first and indirect migration with contract-first. The migrated system was a 35-year-old COBOL system of a government agency that serves several millions of users. In addition, we provide a deep explanation of the trade-offs involved in following either combinations. Results confirm that the ‘fast and cheap’ approach to move into SOA, which is commonplace in the industry, may deliver poor service interfaces, and interface quality is also subject to the tools supporting the migration process.     

EDGAR on the internet: The welfare effects of wider information distribution in an experimental market for risky assets

Policies such as the SEC’s Fair Disclosure Rule, and technologies such as SEC EDGAR, aim to disseminate corporate disclosures to a wider audience of investors in risky assets. In this study, we adopt an experimental approach to measure whether this wider disclosure is beneficial to these investors. Price-clearing equilibrium models based on utility maximization and non-revealing and fully-revealing prices predict that in a pure exchange economy, an arbitrary trader would prefer that no investors are informed rather than all are informed; non-revealing theory further predicts that an arbitrary trader would prefer a situation in which all traders are informed rather than half the traders are informed. These predictions can be summarized as “None > All > Half”. A laboratory study was conducted to test these predictions. Where previous studies have largely focused on information dissemination and its effects on equilibrium price and insider profits, we focus instead on traders’ expected utility, as measured by their preferences for markets in which none, half, or all traders are informed. Our experimental result contradicts the prediction and indicates “Half > None > All”, i.e. subjects favor a situation where a random half is informed. The implication is that in addition to testing predictions of price equilibrium, experiments should also be used to verify analytical welfare predictions of expected utility under different policy choices. JEL Classification D82, D53, G14, L86 This work was largely completed while this author was at The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.     

金融精准扶贫的回顾与思考

金融的盈利性与扶贫的公益性之间存在着矛盾和冲突,导致了参与积极性不高和资源效率等有所损失,因而需要提高金融服务的针对性.在分析金融扶贫中存在问题的基础上,提出了相应的建议:识别贫困的成因和环节,精准采取相应的扶持措施;更多的扶贫实务交由政策性金融机构;集中扶贫的资金和资源;有针对性地推广相应的金融产品和服务.     

构建与主体功能区建设相协调的财政转移支付制度研究

本文在明确界定财政转移支付的概念及其分类的基础上,详细阐述了建立与主体功能区建设相协调的转移支付制度的必要性,然后深刻剖析现行转移支付制度在满足主体功能区上的缺陷与不足,最后结合我国实际情况,提出了构建与主体功能区建设相协调的财政转移支付制度的政策建议。     

论物流服务与中国企业的竞争力

随着科学技术的进步和经济的不断发展,以及中国加入WTO中国企业正面临着巨大的竞争压力．作为企业顾客服务的主要构成部分的物流服务已成为企业提升竞争力的关键。文章首先介绍了中国企业竞争力现状．分析了物流服务对于企业竞争力的重要影响。在此基础上．结合我国企业物流服务现状,就我国企业提升物流服务,以提升自身竞争力的对策与措施进行了初步探讨。