对《形状和位置公差》新标准的理解和应用

通过对《形状和位置公差》新、旧国际的对比，综述了新、旧标准间的不同之处、便于迅速了解和应用新标准。     

武汉城市圈农民人均年纯收入差距研究

文章利用2000～2007年间武汉城市圈9城市历年统计年鉴的数据,对该城市圈各城市间农民人均年纯收入差距的演变,分别从绝对差距、相对差距、"倒U"型假说以及收敛性等角度,进行了全方位的详细分析。结果显示:绝对差距逐年扩大,而相对差距总体是缩小的,尽管期间扩大和缩小交替出现;库兹涅茨"倒U"型通过检验;δ-收敛和绝对β-收敛都通过了检验,证明了收敛性的存在;通过控制影响农民人均年纯收入差距的经济结构差异变量后,条件β-收敛显著存在,一产比重与收入的增长负相关,而二产比重则相反。     

公差原则及其应用

对ＧＢ／Ｔ４２４９－１９９６《公差原则》的图样标注、应用范围、检验等学习体会予以交流。     

Exploring new product portfolio management decisions: The role of managers' dispositional traits

Product strategy links to new product development (NPD) through new product portfolio management (NPPM). This dynamic decision process addresses the strategy implementation questions of identifying which new product ideas to pursue and their relative priorities. Despite the importance of NPPM in implementing product strategy, firms exhibit substantial performance-affecting differences. We investigate one potential source for such differences by examining the impact of managers' dispositional factors as a possible explanation. Using a case study research method, we examine differences in NPPM strategies and managers' revealed dispositional traits across three divisions of a single conglomerate firm operating in different business-to-business markets. Based on our analysis, we offer propositions relating managers' dispositions to NPPM strategy: analytic cognitive style is associated with balance, ambiguity tolerance is associated with strategic fit, and leadership style is associated with the relative weights applied to each dimension.     

地震检波器使用中应注意的几个问题

地震检波器是用于地震勘探的专用振动传感器,其性能对地震记录的品质有着重大影响。结合野外勘探对地震检波器的实际需求,探讨了检波器的假频,失真系数,允差,温度性能及可靠性等技术指标,为用户选用合适的检波器提供了更为完善的依据。     

Reconsidering the Relationship between Inflation and Relative Price Variability

It has long been popularly believed that the relationship between inflation and relative price variability (RPV) is positive and stable. Using disaggregated CPI data for the United States and Japan, however, this study finds that the relationship is neither linear nor stable over time. The overall relationship is approximately U‐shaped around a nonzero threshold inflation rate. RPV therefore changes not with the inflation rate per se, but with the deviation of inflation from the threshold inflation rate. More importantly, the relationship is by no means stable over time but instead varies significantly in a way that coincides with regime changes of inflation or monetary policy. The relationship was positive during the period of high inflation of the 1970s and the early 1980s, as has been documented by a number of previous studies, whereas it takes a U‐shape profile during the Great Moderation. The results are robust to the use of core inflation, which excludes the traditionally volatile prices of food and energy. This paper then presents a modified version of the Calvo‐type sticky price model to describe the observed empirical regularities. Simulation experiments show that the modified Calvo model fits the data well, and that the underlying relationship hinges upon the degree of price rigidity, which is systematically related to inflation regime. For countries and periods with low inflation rates, the relationship takes a U‐shape as price adjustment is more sticky. In a high‐inflation environment, when price setting becomes more flexible, the U‐shaped profile vanishes.     

Diversified behavioral portfolio as an alternative to Modern Portfolio Theory

The traditional mean–variance approach has been complemented by alternative theories that use risk measures different from standard deviation of returns or involve additional distributional features of returns like skewness and kurtosis. We propose a portfolio choice model that combines different distributional characteristics of the returns in the decision-making making process, considering preferences of investors which are modeled as non-statistical uncertainties of investors using fuzzy theory. We use 20 stocks of the S&P500 from January 2013 to December 2017. We assess the obtained portfolios’ performance, and the diversified behavioral portfolios outperform than the mean–variance portfolio. This methodological proposal can be seen as a strong managerial tool to make investment portfolio decisions.     

The influence of managers' awareness of climate change,perceived climate risk exposure and risk tolerance on the adoption of corporate responses to climate change

Uncertainties posed by climate change limit companies' ability to understand implications of global warming on business and society at large, hampering the adoption of tangible organizational responses to climate change. Understanding climate action thus requires to investigate influential factors of decision-making under uncertainty, which implies acknowledging managerial interpretations and perceptions about climate issues. Drawing insights from the literature on climate inaction and from corporate sustainability literature, the present study examines awareness of climate change and perceived exposure to climate risks as antecedents of corporate responses to climate change, drawing on a survey of managers of Italian manufacturing companies. In addition, the study tests the moderation of risk tolerance on the relation between perceived climate risk exposure and climate action, suggesting that risk attitudes are a significant factor of decision-making under climate uncertainty. The results support the hypothesis of the model and thus provide several contributions to the literature on business and climate change. Managerial implications and avenues for future research are also discussed.     

高校大学生体质健康状况分析研究

文章通过查阅资料法,对目前我国高校大学生体质健康状况分析,发现我国普通高校大学生体质健康水平总体有呈逐年下降趋势,大学生身体形态水平总体呈上升趋势,身体机能和身体素质水平总体有所下降,特别是力量素质下降最为明显。     

成本冲击、通胀容忍度与宏观经济政策

与之前比较,2010年以来此轮通胀成本冲击型特征十分明显（主要表现为国际大宗商品价格高企和国内劳动力成本上升）。在此背景下,是否应提高对通胀的容忍度以及宏观政策如何有所作为已成为热门话题。目前国内外已经有一些对通胀容忍度的探讨,但规范性的研究论文并不多见。本文在多恩布什-费雪（Dornbusch Fischer）框架基础上,结合中国实际,创新性地区分大宗商品价格和劳动力成本冲击（尤其是B S效应）对总供给以及宏观经济的不同影响机制,探讨有关通胀容忍度以及宏观政策应对问题。