文化符号在产品品牌形象塑造中的应用

利用文化符号塑造产品品牌形象对企业的发展十分重要。利用文化符号塑造产品的品牌形象需要多角度、全方位地打造。形态文化符号可以塑造产品品牌的外在美,语言文化符号可以提升品牌的附加值,而具有文化内涵的传播媒介符号可以打造产品品牌的亲和力。     

顾客等待容忍度与银行排队服务系统的优化

本文通过实地调查发现,顾客最佳等待时间为8分钟,分析顾客等待心理可以提高银行顾客等待容忍度.利用相关数据进行统计检验,验证了客户到达率服从泊松分布,服务时间服从负指数分布,据此建立M/M/C单队多服务台模型.银行柜台费用优化模型需要权衡顾客成本与银行自身的运营成本,在不超过顾客能容忍的最长等待时间的前提下,银行应以最少...     

Explaining Self-Declared Social Tolerance for Human Diversity in Latin America and the Caribbean

Abstract

Social tolerance enables heterogeneous persons to find harmony in their differences. This has been shown to reduce the likelihood of inter- and intra-group conflicts, thereby creating an environment conducive for economic and social development. This paper examines socio-economic factors that influence individual differences in social tolerance in Latin America and the Caribbean. Being mindful of the fact that there are socio-cultural differences between Latin America and the Caribbean, five dimensions of social tolerance are investigated: tolerance for racial and religious dissimilarity, homosexuals, AIDS victims and immigrants. Using the 2005 World Values Survey data, we simultaneously estimate tolerance towards these groups using multivariate probit models. Education is found to positively and significantly enhance all five dimensions of social tolerance, suggesting that policies meant to enhance social tolerance should be directed towards improving educational systems. Overall, the analysis underscores heterogeneity of factors affecting self-declared tolerance of the selected social groups. Thus, analyses of social tolerance and ensuing policies should be developed specific to a particular dimension of tolerance.     

Attitude to Risk in Technology-Based Strategic Alliances for Tourism

This article examines how attitude to risk in the tourism industry impacts on the role of strategic alliances in developing technology-based knowledge. A survey of Australian travel sector businesses indicates that strategic alliances in tourism contribute only marginally to technology-based knowledge. The study further found that executives in the travel sector of tourism are risk-averse and this has implications for their perceptions regarding the contribution of alliances to technology-based knowledge. The findings imply that Australian industry policy towards tourism needs to encourage strategic alliances that have the potential to stimulate knowledge-based innovation.     

大比例尺土地变更调查引发的思考

针对当前大比例尺土地变更调查工作强度大、效率低、人工操作复杂的问题,采用个案研究和定性分析的方法,分析了土地变更调查的主要调查内容和影响大比例尺土地变更调查工作效率的关键环节;提出了对大比例尺土地变更调查地区可通过关联业务来控制日常用地管理信息的测绘精度,从而避免由测绘限差引起的影响土地变更调查效率的缝隙和碎面问题;国土资源管理部门应加强对变更软件开发的指导,从而有效降低由于技术与管理脱节而增加的变更工作量。     

Evaluating the Gauge Repeatability and Reproducibility for Different Industries

Measurement plays a significant role in Six sigma program. Usually, the gauge repeatability and reproducibility (GR&R) study needs to be conducted prior to the process capability analysis for verifying the accuracy of measuring equipments and helping organizations improve their product and service quality. Therefore, how to ensure the quality of measurement becomes an important task for quality practitioners. In performing the GR&R study, most industries are using the acceptance criteria of Precision to Tolerance(P/T) ratio as stipulated by QS9000. However, the adequacy of applying the same acceptance criteria to different manufacturing processes is very questionable. In this paper, a statistical method using the relationship between GR&R and process capability indices is proposed for evaluating the adequacy of the acceptance criteria of P/T ratio. Finally, a comparative analysis has also been performed for evaluating the accuracy of GR&R among three methods (ANOVA, Classical GR&R, and Long Form). Hopefully, the results of this research can provide a useful reference for quality practitioners in various industries.     

试论水彩画的"多元化"

主要从绘画语言、工具、材质、形式、风格等方面阐明：水彩画是极具灵活性的、极具可塑性的、以及有很强宽容性的一个画种，是一种多元化的艺术。     

Overconfidence and consumption over the life cycle

Overconfidence is a widely documented phenomenon. In this paper, we study the implications of consumer overconfidence in a life-cycle consumption/saving model. Our main analytical result is a necessary and sufficient condition under which any degree of overconfidence concerning the mean return on savings can produce a hump in the work-life consumption profile. This condition is almost always met in the data. We show by simulations that overconfidence concerning the variance of the return can have little effect on the long-run average behavior of consumption over the life cycle, and that our basic conclusion is fairly robust with various realistic modifications to the baseline model. We interpret the general applicability of our analytical framework and discuss our numerical results in the light of aggregate consumption data.     

The Effect of Perceived Value and Switching Barriers on Customer Price Tolerance in Industrial Energy Markets

Purpose: This article analyzes the effects of perceived value, satisfaction, and switching barriers on price tolerance. It also examines the moderating effect of switching barriers.

Methodology/Approach: Empirical research was conducted by collecting information from a sample of 326 major gas and electricity consumers in a newly liberalized industrial market with a high concentration of suppliers.

Findings: Switching barriers are the main antecedent to price tolerance. Price tolerance of industrial customers depends directly on switching barriers more than on satisfaction. The customer satisfaction construct is a necessary but not sufficient predictor of price tolerance. While satisfaction has an effect on price tolerance, the effect of perceived value on price tolerance is only indirect through satisfaction, even though it may produce positive direct effects when there are high switching barriers.

Originality/Value/Contribution: For the first time in a B2B framework, the moderating effects of switching barriers on the relationship between perceived value, satisfaction, and price tolerance have been analyzed.     

“形”的视觉稳定性价值初探——以几款轿车品牌标志为例

个体的视觉机制对外界的物象获取具有明显的选择性,外界物象的各种性质都会被视觉经过分析、选择之后作为识别物象的身份被保存在记忆中,而作为最具稳定性的视觉效益"形"是个体最先获取的外界信息。轿车的标志是受众对轿车产品的标识性印象,也是轿车企业身份抽象转化的结果。轿车标志内涵丰富,图形易识,视觉形象具有广泛的市场辐射等特点,在设计上都是采用具体的文字、图形作为标识,因此对轿车标志的解读将有利于对视觉"形"在市场传播中稳定性的探究与推广。