广西新建本科院校的办学定位与发展思路探析

新建本科院校是我国高等教育体制改革的产物.新建本科院校的定位应是立足本地,为地方经济服务,培养应用型人才.随着广西经济社会的发展,广西新建本科院校将为培养大量对口专业的应用型人才、促进我国与东盟国家经济共同发展与友好往来做出贡献,在区域经济的发展与合作中大有作为.     

1979年以来浙江省行政区划调整变更的过程及作用--兼论中国未来行政区划改革走向

1979年改革开放以来,浙江省的行政区划调整变更频繁,突出表现在城市化地区和“市”建制的设置上,变化的原因多出于经济方面,出于政府主导型的城市化进程的需要。总的来看,这一时期行政区划的调整对浙江省经济、社会和政治文明的发展和进步,对城市化进程的推进,都起到了一定的促进作用;但其中仍然存在一些问题。文章在全面梳理1979年以来浙江省行政区划调整变化过程的基础上,分析其起到的作用及其局限;并对中国未来的行政区划走向进行分析,提出一些改革的政策建议。认为：应从上层和基层、宏观和微观、长远和近期诸方面同时推进,一方面积极推进国家整体的行政区划改革,在时机成熟时修改宪法、法律,确立符合国情和适应市场经济要求的、有利于建设民主政治和市民社会的行政区划体系和政府管理体制;另一方面,在不与现行法规冲突的情况下,关注小城镇行政区划体制的创新和城市、乡村基层(准)政区即城市社区、乡村社区的建设及居民、村民自治的推进。     

Unleashing the Power of Networks: Shareholder Activism,Sustainable Development and Corporate Environmental Policy

In recent years, a new trend has emerged in which shareholder activists have formed networks to empower shareholders and magnify shareholder voices. This study explores the structural patterns and effectiveness of shareholder activism networks and shows how those networks affect corporate sustainability policies. We draw upon stakeholder influence theory, stakeholder network management theory and recent studies on activism networks to examine a shareholder activism network formed around environmental issues. The study found that (1) the structure of shareholder activist networks is largely driven by organizational attributes such as organization type, organizations’ human resources, media visibility and history; and (2) activist organizations with high centralities and eigenvector centralities enjoy more efficient results. This study contributes to our understanding of the business responses to shareholder demands on improving environmental performance and paves the way for future research on sustainable development through partnerships with shareholder networks. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

市场导向对物业服务企业绩效的影响——基于组织学习的中介效应研究

以北京、山东、湖南、广东四省市的物业服务企业为样本,借鉴成熟的市场导向量表和组织学习量表设计调查问卷,就物业服务企业市场导向对绩效的影响进行实证研究,结果表明,市场导向对企业绩效有正向的直接作用,同时通过组织学习对企业绩效产生间接的正向作用,即组织学习为不完全中间变量。研究证明,我国物业服务企业实施市场导向战略能够有效提升企业绩效,基于环境和行业发展的独特性,在实施市场导向战略时尤其要注重开展组织学习。     

The Value of CEO Mobility: Contextual Factors That Shape the Impact of Prior CEO Experience on Market Performance and CEO Compensation

This study examines the value that prior CEO experience has for the companies that hire such CEOs—as reflected in the firms’ subsequent market‐based performance—as well as its value for the CEO that possesses this experience—as reflected in his or her initial compensation. While we suggest that shareholders tend not to benefit from firms hiring experienced CEOs, we also argue that particular firm and industry contextual factors that shaped the prior CEO experience help ameliorate this detrimental effect. Regardless, we also suggest that prior CEO experience generally stands to benefit the CEOs, in that it brings them a compensation premium over those CEOs without such prior experience. We tested our hypotheses on a sample of 654 US CEO succession events that occurred between 2001 and 2004 and found broad support for our hypotheses. We close with a discussion of the implications of our findings for future research as well as what they mean for firms hiring experienced CEOs and for CEO careers more generally. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

The relationship between high performance work systems and employee proactive behaviour: role breadth self‐efficacy and flexible role orientation as mediating mechanisms

Drawing on the contextual perspective, this study provides novel empirical evidence on how the organisational context (specifically, the firm's human resource strategy) has an effect on employee proactivity. We use matched data from managers and employees in 102 Spanish professional service firms to examine how high performance work systems contribute to enhance employee proactive behaviours through two motivational variables: role breadth self‐efficacy and flexible role orientation. Results of a multilevel study demonstrate that role breadth self‐efficacy mediates between HPWS and employee proactivity, but flexible role orientation does not mediate this relationship.     

安徽城市群的发展定位探讨

城市群的发展深刻影响着一个国家或区域的竞争力,对经济持续稳定发展具有重大意义,但其发展规模和方向是有规律可循的,并需要一个成长的渐进过程。安徽城市群在发展和规划过程中,由于自身定位不清和地方利益的驱动,部分城市、城市群之间不顾现实发展基础和城市群发展的客观规律,盲目贪快求大,严重影响了城市群的正常形成进程。为此,安徽在城市群的发展过程中,需要更为审慎的态度,在明确发展什么样的城市群,谁来主导发展以及如何发展这样一个准确定位分析的基础上,通过运用培育优势产业集群、提升中心城市极化功能、完善城市等级结构、建立跨行政区域的协调组织和多元化城市群治理机制等方法和措施,来推进安徽城市群在符合内在发展规律的基础上逐步形成与发展。     

External cooperation and entrepreneurial orientation in industrial clusters

ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between external cooperation and entrepreneurial orientation (EO). This relationship is explored in cluster environment, wherein entrepreneurial organizations compete and cooperate simultaneously to pursue opportunities. The following hypothesis is tested: External cooperation is positively correlated with entrepreneurial orientation. The hypothesis is tested with a correlation analysis on a sample of 77 small-sized enterprises operating in the Malopolska region in Poland, wherein several clusters are active. Additionally, the regression analysis is conducted to examine the associations between inter-organizational cooperation and EO dimensions. The findings confirm that external cooperation is positively correlated with EO. This observation is confronted with a pro-competitive approach that is a constitutional element of the entrepreneurship concept. Moreover, the findings show that the correlation between external cooperation and a firm’s performance is stronger than between some other EO dimensions and performance. Additionally, the findings show the important role of relationships between organizations and their clients. In the paper, several remarks for development of the theory are discussed, including the need for incorporating inter-organizational cooperation into a set of entrepreneurial traits and reflecting it in entrepreneurial orientation scales. The findings confirm the importance of that direction of theory development that focuses on inter-organizational collaboration in the context of entrepreneurship.     

创业导向、外部知识获取与创业机会识别

创业活动是创新、就业和经济增长的重要来源。企业家通过持续探索创造新业务,促进社会和经济的发展和繁荣。本文基于资源基础理论和知识基础理论,以大众创业浪潮为研究背景,深入揭示创业导向、外部知识获取与创业机会识别之间的关系,并以中国246份创业新企业为样本进行了实证研究。研究结果表明：创业导向对新企业的机会识别和外部知识获取均具有积极影响;外部知识获取在创业导向和新企业的机会识别之间起到部分中介作用;此外,市场知识获取比技术知识获取对创业机会识别的影响更为突出。     

对提高高职院校科研定位和价值取向的分析

文章针对高职院校科研的社会定位和价值取向这一问题,围绕高职人才培养目标,高职院校自我发展的内在动力,明确了现阶段高职科研工作的定位,对促进高职院校科研工作向高效优质方向发展,强化高职院校的科研管理,提高高职院校科研水平进行了探讨。