Gender Effect in Explaining Mobility Patterns in the Labor Market: A Case Study of Turkey

This paper examines the importance of gender for different job mobility patterns using an extensive household survey data from İzmir, the third largest city in Turkey. The determinants of job‐to‐job and job‐to‐nonemployment transitions are analyzed with the help of a multinomial logit estimation method. The results indicate that there is a distinction regarding the probability of job mobility patterns based on gender. It is more likely for women to be engaged in job‐to‐nonemployment transition, whereas men tend to change jobs more often. Although gender plays a significant role in job mobility patterns, traditionally imposed social constraints associated with childcare and household duties provide us with mixed results considering the behavior of women in the job market. On the other hand, having highly paid and secure jobs decreases the probability of both patterns of job mobility.     

Agency through Development: Hausa Women's NGOs and CBOs in Kano,Nigeria

ABSTRACT

Analyzing the participation of Hausa women in religiously influenced nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) devoted to development work provides critical insights into the complex intersection of gender, religion, class, culture, and politics and economics. Based on interviews with leaders and employees of various NGOs, including community-based organizations (CBOs), in Kano, Nigeria, in 2010–11, this in-depth case study provides important examples of how various types of NGOs navigate political pressures when it comes to funding; it recognizes the understudied importance of women's labor contributions in the context of the development apparatus in Africa; it highlights the role of women as progenitors rather than benefactors of economic development; and it illustrates the unique role that faith-based organizations (FBOs) can and do play in terms of reaching certain marginalized segments of the population.     

基于改进GA的滑行道路径冲突解脱研究

为解决多航空器在飞行区场面活动时存在的冲突问题,以优化后的滑行路径距离作为目标代价函数,提出一种滑动时间窗与GA相融合的冲突解脱模型。首先在滑行规则、安全间隔与滑行道实际条件等约束条件下构建场面滑行路径模型;其次提出基于滑动时间窗与GA融合的求解算法;最后选取成都双流机场为例进行仿真,并与传统GA算法进行对比分析,证明基于改进GA的算法模型在飞行区冲突解脱上更具有鲁棒性与自适应性。     

经济增长视角下的中国劳动力数量与结构变化

我国劳动年龄人口（15-59岁）已经在2012年呈现负增长,劳动力（20-59岁）数量也将从2016年开始下降,2022年开始,我国劳动力数量则会快速下降。目前劳动供给紧平衡,农村向城镇转移劳动力速度放缓,工资快速上涨,求人倍率连续三年大于1。伴随我国劳动力数量下降,劳动市场将供小于求,影响我国经济增长。文章建议,一方面要提高劳动参与率,降低经济对劳动力数量的依赖,另一方面要提高劳动效率,采取有效措施促进农村就业人口向城镇转移,减少结构性就业矛盾。     

新型高效杆件运送装置及方法

设计了一种圆形杆件的运送装置,该装置主要由一个特殊材料制造的圆锥体状导向器和内力紧固系统构成,利用普通机械传动力拖拽,可使之在地面滑行。圆锥体状导向器遇到地面障碍时能自动滑过,杆件也随之绕行。该装置不受地形影响,能过沟、坎、河流,综合效率可提高30倍以上,有效解决了交通困难地区大型杆件的运输问题。     

喀什地区城市(镇)经济区空间组织研究

本研究基于喀什实例,结合喀什地区的社会经济基础及发展潜力,运用SPSS软件分析并在城市中心性和场强模型基础上,指出在现有人口-产业集聚区基础上构建多层次、高效运转的城镇经济区空间组织体系是增强喀什地区竞争能力的关键.     

浅谈无卤素环保PCB的制作

无卤素环保PCB将随着绿色电子的推行而越来越受客户和消费者的青睐，但因其材料的特沫性，无卤素板较普通板在制作上增加了难度，主要是与机械力有关的制程，加工效率大大降低，品质也很难达到要求。本文就针对无卤素板的制作难点进行分析，并提出改善方案。     

Forces exerted by jumping children: a pilot study

Abstract

This article reports on a pilot study of the loads exerted vertically by children when jumping. The subjects of the study were 17 children, aged from two to twelve years. Measurements were made using video recordings and a force-plate. The influence of the stiffness of the base and of jumping with and without shoes was investigated. Knee flexion, push-off force (thrust) and the ratio between push-off force and body weight (relative thrust) were analyzed. Measurements of the knee flexion showed a certain consistency for each child. The angle of knee flexion during push-off follows a bimodal distribution with maxima at 60^° and 90^°. The results for relative thrust suggest a close relationship between push-off force and body weight.     

公众力量在城市社区可持续更新中的作用

政府及开发商通过权力与资本结盟的方式来推动城市社区的更新,公众参与和合作的作用往往被完全忽视.田子坊城市社区更新的事例充分证明,在单纯公众主事的城市社区更新中需要一个多方参与的、开放的更新模式,这种公众力量参与其中的城市社区更新模式是一种可持续的模式,对于今后的城市社区更新具有广泛的启示意义和示范价值.     

Dilemmas of Social Reform (Poverty and Community Action in the United States)

During the last thirty years, one of the most remarkable trends in Western Europe and North America has been the increase in women’s labor force participation rates. However, there has been considerable variation among countries; rates in Southern European countries are markedly lower than in other regions. Standard welfare state regime typology is unable to explain this outcome. This paper tackles the issue by examining the institutional determinants of employment decisions in Spain. Family policies and tax policies greatly influence the labor force participation of women by either promoting or discouraging the employment of mothers. However, these policies do not affect women in the same way. Of particular importance is whether women can claim benefits on the basis of their citizenship, or whether their status as wives or mothers is the link to benefits. By pursuing this line of analysis, the paper explains the low female labor force participation in Spain, providing an important contribution to the welfare state regime literature.