中国省域全面发展竞争力评价研究

文章在简要文献回顾基础上,提出了经济发展、环境发展、社会发展三位一体的全面发展竞争力概念与模型.通过指标体系及权重的设计,以全国31个省城为对象进行了比较评价与分析.     

依托乡镇企业集群推进社会主义新农村建设

乡镇企业集群在新农村建设中有着极其重要的地位和作用,因此乡镇企业集群必须坚持立足"三农",走有农村特色的产业发展之路,加快新农村建设步伐。同时,政府必须要加强和完善社会服务体系建设,为乡镇企业集群参与新农村建设提供有力保障。     

统筹城乡居民最低生活保障制度建设

城乡居民最低生活保障制度是具有中国特色的社会救助制度,被认为是我国社会保障制度的"最后一张安全网"。统筹城乡低保制度建设有利于构建社会主义和谐社会;有利于社会主义新农村建设;有利于中国特色社会主义现代化建设;有利于促进社会公平。改革开放30年来取得的巨大经济成就,城乡低保制度在实施过程中积累的成功经验为统筹城乡低保制度建设创造了历史条件。统筹城乡低保制度建设必须坚持满足农村居民最低生活需要的原则、城乡平等的原则和量力而行的原则。统筹城乡低保制度建设要做到城乡低保认识上的统一、城乡低保资金筹集的统一、城乡低保标准调整机制的统一和城乡低保管理制度的统一。     

和谐语境下农村弱势群体的法律保护问题研究

农村弱势群体属于我国弱势群体中的一类,农村弱势群体除了包括老年人群体、残疾人群体、未成年群体、疾病弱势群体,还包括因自然条件限制而处于贫困状况的农民.关注农村弱势群体是社会公正、共同发展和协调发展的和谐理念需要,防止市场经济"马太效应"的加剧和社会问题"水桶效应"的发生应从农村弱势群体的法律保护开始.忽视农村弱势群体将会出现"千里之堤,溃于蚁穴"的社会惨剧.     

深化市场改革是解决“三农”问题的根本途径

两千多年小农经济的传统观念,几十年来计划经济的制度框架和家庭承包责任制的现实因素,综合导致了我国目前农村市场经济制度环境的严重缺失和市场主体的发育不足,要从根本上解决"三农"问题必须深化市场改革,这种改革仅依靠农民自身的力量是难以实现的,必须在理论的指导下,走以强制性变迁入手再与诱致性变迁相结合的路子,有计划、有步骤的推进农村经济的市场化进程.我国农村经济是一个人造的社会系统,要实现其结构优化,只能通过社会实践和人工选择的途径,不可能由系统的自我进化来完成.     

Corporate social responsibility and Eurozone corporate bonds: The moderating role of country sustainability

In this paper, we empirically examine whether superior performance in corporate social responsibility (CSR) results in lower credit risk, measured by credit ratings and zero-volatility spreads (z-spreads). We are especially interested in how the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) related performance of the corresponding countries moderates this relationship. We find only weak evidence that superior corporate social performance (CSP) results in systematically reduced credit risk. However, we do find strong support for our hypothesis that a country’s ESG performance moderates the CSP–credit risk relationship. Superior CSP is regarded as risk-reducing and rewarded with better ratings and lower z-spreads only if it is recognized by the environment. In addition, we find a reduction of corporate bonds’ z-spreads by approx. 9.64 basis points if the CSP of a company mirrors the ESG performance of the country it is located in.     

Conceptualizing businesses as social actors: A framework for understanding sustainability actions in small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises

Small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) can play a crucial role in advancing environmental and social well‐being. Yet various—often conflicting—explanations have been offered to clarify why SMEs pursue sustainability. Some arguments foreground possibilities of profit maximization, whereas others emphasize individual values and convictions. Research supporting such contradicting explanations is often biased towards large enterprises or small, innovative frontrunners. In this article, we examine the underlying drivers of social and environmental interventions of SMEs by exploring empirical data from a survey of over 1,600 Canadian SMEs and complementary in‐depth interviews. We argue that sustainability actions of SMEs can be understood by viewing these firms as social actors—organizations that are shaped by individual values, internal and external interpersonal relationships, and are embedded in a social environment. This conceptualization directs attention to the full range of factors that shape sustainability engagement of SMEs and highlights frequently overlooked forms of sustainability‐oriented actions.     

Valuation effects of corporate social responsibility

This paper develops a valuation model of the firm that provides for the expenditure of corporate resources in support of community, social or environmental causes. We show that under certain circumstances CSR expenditures create value for the firm. We also test our model by simulations and confirm that, at least under some conditions, CSR does pay off in the form of value creation.     

When profession trumps potential: The moderating role of professional identification in employees’ reactions to talent management

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the role that a professionalized context plays in shaping employee reactions to talent management decisions. We examined the mediating role of felt obligation in the relationship between talent ratings and organizational citizenship behavior. Further, the study tested whether professional identification moderates the relationship between talent ratings and felt obligation towards the organization. Five hundred and ninety-eight teachers that had recently received ratings of their talent status responded to a survey questionnaire. Felt obligation mediated the relationship between talent ratings and organizational citizenship behavior. Furthermore, professional identification moderated the relationship between ratings of potential and felt obligation in such a way that the relationship was strongest for the teachers expressing the lowest professional identification. At high levels of professional identification, the relationship was not significant. These results indicate that conventional talent management might be less effective for increasing favorable attitudes and behaviors among employees in highly professionalized contexts, such as the education sector.     

Tourism at Costalegre,Mexico: An ecosystem services-based exploration of current challenges and alternative futures

Tourism, as all human activities, is dependent on the natural environment and its respective ecosystem services (ES). Different user groups manage and consume these touristic ES differently, resulting in discrepancies and potential conflicts. Despite the urgency to find inclusive local approaches for sustainable development, tourism studies still analyze socio-economic and ecological impacts separately and lack integrated social–ecological approaches to improve foresight in tourism planning. Based on a growing concern regarding the future of Costalegre on the Jalisco coast of Western Mexico, we analyze through interviews, surveys, and participant observation the dependence of tourism on specific ecosystem services and conduct a scenario analysis which shows present and future implications for the social–ecological system. Furthermore, this analysis shows in detail how different scenarios change ES provision and people's livelihoods. Key findings include identifying freshwater provision and cultural ES as the most important touristic ES. At a regional scale, peasants in ejidos are the main ES stewards, whereas high-class tourism facilities constitute important local stewards. Benefits, mainly access to freshwater and the beach, are unequally distributed, provoking conflicts among different ES user groups that may escalate in the near future. Improved communication between all user groups and strengthening of key political actors seem to be the most immediate recommendations to ensure the long term sustainability of this particular region. This work may contribute to improved planning and decision-making as our ES based scenarios are a first step to integrate social–ecological knowledge into improved decision-making. At a local scale, the study reveals the most likely future development options and their social and ecological consequences. It could also serve as a baseline for informed policy making.