中国服务业发展悖论——基于“两波”发展模式的研究

本文借鉴最新文献对服务业发展规律的测度方法,用中国1952—2010年的地区面板数据对我国服务业比重变化的长期规律和阶段性特征进行了测度,结果认为:宏观国家层面上,我国服务业比重的变化确实有悖于世界经济整体服务化的趋势;但在地区层面上,我国服务业比重与人均GDP的关系基本符合"服务业比重随经济发展不断上升"的普遍规律,所谓经济服务化的"中国悖论"在地区层面上并不存在;对服务业发展的阶段性特征和地区差异进行分析发现,我国大部分地区仍然处于以传统服务业为主的第一波发展阶段,只有少数地区进入了以现代服务业发展为主导的第二波。文章最后对我国服务业发展规律的成因进行了一般分析和实证检验。     

浙江省科技型中小企业的产业发展特征与股权激励模式的选择

主要根据浙江省科技民营企业的产业发展特征，对实施企业股权激励机制的模式选择问题进行深入研究与探讨。首先，分析论述了企业产业发展特征对企业激励模式选择的影响；在此基础上，对浙江省科技民营企业实施股权激励机制几个理论问题进行分析与探讨。     

温州民营企业组织创新与空间布局演变研究

温州是我国民营经济和市场经济起步最早、发展最快的地区之一,文章从1980年代至今的温州民营企业发展历程中两次组织创新人手,分析了企业发展模式的特点和空间布局演变的过程,进而探讨了民营企业布局对城市发展的影响和启示。     

呼和浩特地区城镇体系工农业发展能力的异速生长分析

文章运用分形思想和系统科学理论对呼和浩特各旗县20余年工业总产值和农业总产值进行异速生长分析,发现各旗县之间在工业发展上存在较好的幂指数关系,而在农业发展上则存在明显的退化。通过系统结构的深入分析,揭示了呼和浩特市各旗县发展的基础和未来的发展潜力。在理论上为城镇体系异速生长的多指标分析建立了一个完整范例,在实践上则为正在进行的呼和浩特市城镇发展战略规划提供了科学依据。     

空中庭院与半围合式住宅感知密度的关联性研究——以广州万科峯境为例

在半围合式城市住宅中,感知密度是居住体验的重要环节。空中庭院能够缓解高密度环境中的拥挤感,优化其空间形态,是改善环境感知的建构基础。使用虚拟现实技术进行密度感知实验,能探讨与空中庭院形态相关的视觉因素——可视性和绿视率对环境感知密度的影响。将广州万科峯境作为原型建立15组以可视性与绿视率为变量的实验模型,通过采集受试者对不同环境感知密度的主观评价,反映实验样本的空间特征,进而分析主观评价与客观量化之间的关联机制。分析结果表明：半围合式城市住宅空中庭院的可视性与绿视率是影响居住环境感知密度的重要因素;呈线状分布的、具有视觉层次性的空中庭院更受大众青睐。     

Does economic growth and energy consumption drive environmental degradation in China’s 31 provinces? New evidence from a spatial econometric perspective

The panel data analysis points to economic and social factors contributing to NO_x, PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂, and VOCs in China’s 31 provinces. The spatial correlation analysis using Global and Local Moran’s I values indicates the existence of a significant and positive spatial autocorrelation with respect to environment, economy and energy, and the high spatial correlation is evident in the eastern region, covering the northern part of Yangtze River Delta, Huaihai Economic Zone, and the lower reaches of the Yellow River Economic Belt. The empirical estimation is performed through spatial lag and spatial Durbin models. All emitted air pollutants in 31 provinces have significant spatial dependence and strong spillover effects. There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between emitted air pollutants (NO_x, PM₁₀, VOCs, and PM_2.5) and per capita GDP, which follows the EKC hypothesis. The relationship between SO₂ and per capita GDP does not follow the EKC hypothesis. There is a positive relationship between pollutant emissions and coal consumption, which is consistent with current studies for various countries like Canada, Denmark, UK and US and regions like New York State. However, the effects of science and technology investment on air pollutants are mostly positive, which is not as policy expected.     

Mixed Equilibrium in a Downsian Model with a Favored Candidate

This paper examines competition in the standard one-dimensional Downsian model of two-candidate elections, but where one candidate (A) enjoys an advantage over the other candidate (D). Voters' preferences are Euclidean, but any voter will vote for candidate A over candidate D unless D is closer to her ideal point by some fixed distance δ. The location of the median voter's ideal point is uncertain, and its distribution is commonly known by both candidates. The candidates simultaneously choose locations to maximize the probability of victory. Pure strategy equilibria often fail to exist in this model, except under special conditions about δ and the distribution of the median ideal point. We solve for the essentially unique symmetric mixed equilibrium with no-gaps, show that candidate A adopts more moderate policies than candidate D, and obtain some comparative statics results about the probability of victory and the expected distance between the two candidates' policies. We find that both players' equilibrium strategies converge to the expected median voter as A's advantage shrinks to 0. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: C72, D72.     

Corruption in space: A closer look at the world's subnations

Corruption levels differ not only between but also within countries. In this paper we analyze spatial interdependencies in corruption levels for a large sample of 1232 subnational regions from 81 countries. Based on a spatial autoregressive model, which controls for country-fixed effects and corrects for spatial autocorrelation in the error term, we find that a subnational region's corruption level is positively correlated with neighboring subnational regions' corruption levels. Extending the core model and allowing for heterogeneous spatial effects, we find that most spillovers among subnational regions occur within national borders. Moreover, in particular high income subnational regions and subnational regions with relative low corruption levels tend to spill in space. This is due to their high degree of connectivity in terms of economic, sociocultural and political exchange with other subnational regions. Our estimation results underline the importance to consider not only a subnational region's own characteristics, but also spatial interdependencies when implementing efficient anti-corruption policies at the local level.     

省际边界区域发展的空间结构优化研究——以粤闽湘赣省际边界区域为例

从粤闽湘赣省际边界区域整体的角度,以构建多中心城市区域的理念,提出了粤闽湘赣省际边界区域空间结构优化的具体构想,即以韶关、赣州、郴州成长三角为整个省际边界区域的核心,以其它6个中心城市为市域的核心,以经济基础好或交通条件好的县(市)城区作为县域的中心,构建7条城镇发展聚合轴和拓展轴作为城镇、交通和产业的聚集和依托轴,以形成城市空间功能互补,集约紧凑发展,绿色空间穿插相融,高度协调、网络化的多中心城市区域,以整体的优势参与珠三角城市体系分工,并力争在区域分工中占有优势。     

基于交流外部性的行为主体城市聚集空间结构分析

因行为人寻求空间上交流的需求形成一种聚集的向心力,从而产生在一定区域内其分布状态表现出了单峰分布现状。但是在处于社会中的行为人是以城市为中心进行分布,使行为人聚集的空间结构产生了不同程度的变化。文章综述了行为主体（个人和企业）在交流情况下产生聚集的国内外研究现状,探讨了个人之间聚集社会外部性产生的前提条件,通过数学模型分析个人聚集得出了个人聚集分布的最优结论;通过对企业交流情况下聚集形成中央商务区的均衡分布状况,得出了企业在中央商务区为钟型分布,并且利用信息的传播界限可解释中央商务区的形成的结论,同时也说明了在信息传递条件下写字楼的高度随着距中央商务区距离远近而发生变化的结果。