The influence of colour on visual search times in cluttered environments

Fifty subjects participated in a series of visual search tasks where the aim was to explore the influence of colour on visual search times for targets situated in a series of cluttered distractor fields. The results supported previous findings regarding the effect of colour and showed that, even in cluttered environments, certain hues helped in the reduction of search times. The findings also indicated that there were interaction effects between the colour and positioning of the targets in the distractor fields.     

系统结构不稳定点对系统的影响

突变理论是以拓扑学为基础，研究系统在平衡状态下临界点的性态，描述由逐渐变化的力或运动而导致系统发生突变的现象。本文采用突变理论的方法，推导出了系统在平衡状态下临界点的方程。     

中国环保投资对经济增长贡献率实证分析

本文把环境保护投资从生产函数中的资本变量中分离,以求得环保投资增长对于经济增长的贡献率,并建立了AR(2)模型进行外推预测。结果表明环保投资短期内阻碍经济发展但长期内会推动经济增长,我国已处在由阻碍向推动的过度时期。针对样本容量不足的问题,本文采用样条函数差值的方法加以解决。     

Clustering at the Movies

Weekly box office revenues for approximately 100 successful motion pictures are analyzed by use of a finite mixture regression technique to determine if regular sales patterns emerge. Based on an exponential decay model applied to market share data, four clusters of movies, varying in opening strength and decay rate, are found. Characteristics of the clusters and implications for future research are discussed.     

Mean squared error of the empirical best linear unbiased predictor in an orthogonal finite discrete spectrum linear regression model

The mean squared error (MSE) of the empirical best linear unbiased predictor in an orthogonal finite discrete spectrum linear regression model is derived and a comparison with the MSE of the best linear unbiased predictor in this model is made. It is shown that under weak conditions these two mean square errors are asymptotically the same.     

一种基于有限元计算的半挂车强度分析

用有限元计算方法对某型半挂车车架的强度进行了分析计算。通过有限元仿真计算,提出在进行局部加强的同时,采用细而密的横梁结构的优化方案,解决了原来结构的应力集中现象,确保半挂车的结构强度。     

Cigarette pack and advertising displays at point of purchase: community demand for restrictions

Tobacco promotion influences tobacco consumption. Traditional forms of tobacco promotion have been heavily restricted in response to the harmful effects of tobacco. Tobacco displays at the point of purchase are increasingly important as a means of communicating brand imagery for the tobacco industry, especially when advertising is restricted at these points. Previous research has demonstrated that children exposed to tobacco advertising at the point of purchase have inflated perceptions of availability, use and popularity of tobacco. Internationally, laws are being debated and implemented to prohibit or restrict the display of tobacco at the point of purchase or put tobacco out of sight. Such measures would reduce tobacco product exposure and, hence, tobacco marketing among youth and the community. In South Australia, a ban on all cigarette advertising at the point of purchase was introduced in 2005. This study was designed to assess community support for restrictions on cigarette displays and advertising at the point of purchase. A telephone survey was conducted with a random sample of 2026 South Australian adults (aged 18 years and over) in July 2005. Overall, 63% of the community approved of a hypothetical total ban on cigarette displays at the point of purchase, with over three‐quarters believing this should happen in the next 12 months. A further 24% believed that cigarette displays should be restricted and 82% would approve of a ban on displays in stores that sell confectionary. Only 7% of adult smokers reported making their decision about the brand of cigarettes to buy at the point of purchase and 90% made their decision before they even entered the shop. The results strengthen arguments that cigarette displays are not necessary to maintain brand loyalty or to encourage brand switching of established smokers. Instead, the results make arguments more credible that cigarette displays normalize and promote smoking among young people and may also promote unplanned purchase or increased consumption among less frequent smokers or former smokers. Placing cigarettes out of sight would be unlikely to impact on brand choice for most smokers, who have already made up their mind before they enter the store.     

Recent Ph.D. Theses in the Netherlands

Statistica Neerlandica encourages the reporting on theses in probability, statistics, biometrics, econometrics, and operations research, submitted to Dutch universities. The main purpose of this section is to inform the reader briefly of the nature, the practical and theoretical importance, the methods used, and the results presented in recent theses.
Notes (not exceeding 300 words) should be sent to the column editor, preferably in LATEX by electronic mail.     

Characteristic properties of multivariate survival functions in terms of residual life distributions

This paper discusses the relationships among some characteristic properties of the multivariate survival function based on the residual life distribution, and provides the conditions for their equivalence. In the meanwhile, the corrected version of Ma (1996, Theorem 1 (ii) and (iii)) is given.     

视点:影响语篇翻译中连贯重构的重要因素

语篇视点四分法将语篇视点分为时空视点、观念视点,叙述视点和知觉视点。对视点的正确分析和准确再现影响着语篇翻译中语义连贯和人际连贯的实现。