Shanghai Expo in Promotion

As an important part of the prep- aration work of World Expo Shanghai 2010,the organizers have launched a series of suc- cessful promotion campaigns in China, participating countries,BIE members' countries,etc.,as for developing aware- ness and conveying the concept of the worldwide grand events.Various methods are used in the promotion work,such as dedicating a 5.28-square-meter area at the core of the city to exhibitions,events and forums,and building a powerful and last- ing pilot example of sustainable and har- monious urban living.     

The emergence of Italy as a fashion country: Nation branding and collective meaning creation at Florence’s fashion shows (1951–1965)

Abstract

We analyse the emergence of Italy as a fashion country with a reconstruction of the history and impact of the collective fashion shows that Giovanni Battista Giorgini organised in Florence in 1951–1965. Our cultural analysis highlights the role events play in the mobilisation of local actors and the creation of nation brands, which we conceive as ongoing narrations built on a country’s material and symbolic resources that differentiate its image in valuable ways for export markets. Despite their decline, the Florentine shows created an intangible asset that facilitated the ascent of Milan as Italy’s fashion capital in the 1970s.     

加拿大矿业管理制度及给我们的启示

文章介绍了加拿大联邦政府和各省政府矿业立法的历史沿革、五个方面的立法宗旨、六个方面的矿业管理制度。并提出了在我国明确中央和地方的权利责任、设计低门槛的优惠矿业投资政策、走可持续矿业发展道路的对策建议。     

体育用品企业的价值链分析及发展战略探讨

在价值链理论分析的基础上,从价值链管理的角度分析了价值链管理对体育用品企业核心能力提升的优越性,并分析了体育用品企业的价值链结构,进而提出了体育用品企业利用价值链管理提升核心能力的战略方法。     

Residents’ changed perceptions of sport event impacts: the case of the 2012 Tour de Taiwan

The study explores subgroups within host residents based on perceptions of the impacts of the 2012 Tour de Taiwan before and after the event. Theoretical perspectives of event impact studies considering Confucian traditions, social exchange theory and a sense of ‘feel-good’ or ‘communitas’ help to provide fresh insights. Data were collected from host residents in three competition stages, before and after the event. Twenty-two impact items divided into four factors generated subgroups of ‘neutral’ and ‘moderately positive’ (pre-event), and ‘neutral’ and ‘positive’ (post-event). The results show significant differences among the subgroups at the pre- and post-event stages in terms of gender, income, engagement in cycling exercises, levels of support and interest in the event, television watching, and event attendance. General benefits, negative impacts, the level of interest in the event and attendance were significant predictors of event support. The findings suggest that event feel-good can help the intangible characteristics of sporting events (do not entail construction and maintenance of permanent structures) to lever tangible and direct benefits for host communities.     

Clubs and Hallmark Events

ABSTRACT

In Australia, clubs have long been viewed by some sections of the hospitality industry as the “poor cousins” of the more glamorous end of the market, such as four- and five-star hotels and resorts. Despite this perception, clubs are continuing to experience growth both in terms of membership and revenues collected and many play significant roles within the communities in which they operate. With regard to special events, much of the economic and social impact work published to date has focused upon the impact of such events in terms of accommodation and restaurant use, as well as visitor numbers and economic multipliers. The club industry in Australia, and in New South Wales (NSW) in particular, is a vibrant and thriving industry, but little work has been carried out to quantify the impact upon clubs of “outside” or external special events. Using in-depth interviews and discussions with marketing staff within two clubs in NSW (one rural and one metropolitan), this article examines their relationships to hallmark events that were conducted within each club's region. Analysis is made of the clubs' involvement with these events and the extent to which they were aggressively proactive in acquiring linkages to the event in question.     

Landraces as an adaptation strategy to climate change for smallholders in Santa Catarina,Southern Brazil

Adapting to climate change has become a pressing and urgent issue given the alarming rapidity with which climate changes is taking place. Agriculture is strongly conditioned by climatic factors, but subsistence agriculture is particularly vulnerable because smallholders do not have adequate financial resources to adapt to climate change. Agrobiodiversity provides one option for smallholders to adapt to climate change. Landraces developed in the western region of Santa Catarina State, Brazil, are part of a deliberate strategy by smallholders to achieve a state of food sovereignty and independence from commercial sources of hybrid seed. The ability of smallholders to collectively conserve climate-adapted landraces indicates the depth of local knowledge and capability within local communities that can be drawn on to meet the future challenges of climate change.     

Budget traveler accommodation satisfaction: The case of Yogwans during the 2002 FIFA World Cup Korea/Japan

The preference attributes of budget-conscious travelers have been researched in detail, since the budget segment is important to the hotel industry. Special events, where budget-conscious travelers are major patrons and a huge volume of rooms is needed for a specific period, require accommodation alternatives. Yogwans, Korean-style hotels, have historically been utilized as such an accommodation alternative during special events in Korea. This study of the 2002 World Cup found that budget-conscious travelers were generally not highly satisfied with yogwans. Using a factor analysis technique, this study also identified five factors that were considered important for choosing to stay at yogwans. Finally, multiple regression analysis was then applied to examine the relative importance of each of these factors in influencing the overall satisfaction level of yogwan use. In order of importance, room quality, external quality, value, staff service quality, and accessibility were significant factors in determining the overall satisfaction level of yogwans. This study recommends that accommodation alternatives for budget-conscious travelers should match the needs of specific customers during special events by considering the unique attributes of the event and classifying attributes into fixed and variable categories.     

Short-term disability in solid tumor patients with bone metastases and skeletal-related events

Abstract

Objective:

The skeleton is a common site of metastasis in patients with solid tumors. These patients often experience pain and reduced quality-of-life. This analysis evaluated the time and costs associated with short-term disability use among solid tumor patients with bone metastases (BM) and skeletal-related events (SREs).

Methods:

Data from patients 18–64 years old with solid tumors and BM, eligible for short-term disability benefits between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2010, were extracted from MarketScan Research Databases. Short-term disability hours and costs associated with BM and SREs were evaluated.

Results:

Overall, 1098 patients met the criteria. For all patients with BM, the monthly mean short-term disability hours were 17.7?h pre-BM diagnosis and increased to 60.2?h post-BM diagnosis (p?<?0.001). The corresponding mean monthly short-term disability costs were $277 and $963 in the pre- and post-BM diagnosis periods, respectively (p?<?0.001). Monthly mean short-term disability hours were higher for the cohort of patients with SREs (21.2?h pre-SRE diagnosis and 67.4?h post-SRE diagnosis) than for those without an SRE (8.6?h pre-SRE diagnosis and 14.4?h post-SRE diagnosis) (p?<?0.001). Similarly, the corresponding monthly mean short-term disability costs were higher for patients with SREs ($625 and $1259 pre- and post-SRE diagnosis, respectively) than for patients without an SRE ($452 and $612 pre- and post-SRE diagnosis, respectively) (p?<?0.001). Results of a multivariate analysis indicated that SREs were associated with an additional 39.4 short-term disability hours and $613 in short-term disability costs per month (p?<?0.001).

>Conclusion:

Short-term disability hours and costs increased significantly when patients with solid tumors developed BM and SRE.     

Extreme dependence of multivariate catastrophic losses

Natural catastrophes cause insurance losses in several different lines of business. An approach to modelling the dependence in loss severities is to assume that they are related to the intensity of the natural disaster. In this paper we introduce a factor model and investigate the extreme dependence. We derive a specific extreme dependence structure when considering an heavy-tailed intensity. Estimation procedures are presented and their moderate sample properties are compared in a simulation study. We also motivate our approach by an illustrative example from storm insurance.