灵芝菌合剂促进沙土鼠脑缺血再灌注后学习记忆及海马神经保护

目的：以沙土鼠脑缺血再灌注模型为研究对象,观察分析灵芝菌合剂对脑缺血记忆能力影响及海马神经的保护作用。方法：取健康成年清洁级蒙古沙土鼠70只,体重（65±10）g,雌雄不分,随机分为4组。（1）假手术组：10只,作颈总动脉分离手术,不做颈总动脉夹闭手术。（2）对照组：20只,脑缺血手术后分别给予同药物剂量的生理盐水,没有任何其它干预措施,于脑缺血再灌注术后3天及10天各处死10只沙土鼠。（3）预防组：20只,其中10只沙土鼠预防性应用灵芝菌合剂200ml·kg^-1·d^-1共10天,术后继续用药10天;另外10只照此剂量预防用药3天,术后继续用药3天,与对照组同一时间处死取材。（4）治疗组,20只,手术完毕当时按照以上同样剂量灌胃给药治疗3天10只,治疗10天10只,每天一次,与对照组同一时间处死取材。所有沙土鼠在脑缺血再灌注手术3天前、手术后进行跳台训练实验,进行记忆测量。其中5只沙土鼠的后脑部分制成石蜡切片,5只沙土鼠的后脑部分做成冰冻切片。结果：跳台实验显示预防组、治疗组与假手术组两两比较有显著性差异（P〈0．01）,尼氏小体染色显示海马CA1神经细胞凋亡有显著性差异。结论：灵芝菌合剂能改善脑缺血再灌注沙土鼠的记忆功能,对海马CA1区神经细胞有保护作用。     

政府公职人员经济人性边界界定与启示

政府公职人员是特殊经济人,并且从"经济人"角度、从历史性角度、从社会契约论角度、从初始社会分工及分工发展过程角度看,政府公职人员经济人性应有必要的边界。其经济人性发挥应符合作用空间的"非市场性"、经济人性范围的日趋"紧缩性"、经济人性目标满足渠道的"单一性"及较强的"社会性"这些内在规律。把握这些规律,可有效地建立针对政府公职人员的约束机制和非市场性的竞争机制,还可有效地促进民主发展,这对提升基本公共服务综合绩效及构建和谐社会都具有重要意义。     

Rethinking marketing: Peter Drucker’s challenge

Just as Peter Drucker pointed out the importance of assessing whether a company’s “theory of business” is relevant, marketers need to consider whether the current “theory of marketing” still fits in a world of rapid change. The author examines how Drucker challenged the theory of business at financial services firm Edward Jones, helping to identify new market opportunities. For example, he urged the company to move into metropolitan areas, which now account for 60 percent of the firm’s business. The article then considers how the field of marketing needs to reexamine its own mental models. Finally, the article considers how Drucker’s seminal insights on marketing, particularly his emphasis on an interdisciplinary approach, might point the way to new approaches.     

农业劳动日工价对农民收入水平影响的实证研究——基于协整和向量自回归模型

选取1978年-2008年全国农业劳动日工价和农民人均纯收入的时间序列数据,通过基于VAR模型的协整分析、脉冲响应分析和方差分解的有机结合进行研究,发现两序列间存在长期均衡。对标准化协整方程和误差校正模型的分析表明,抽样区间的农民人均纯收入增长对农业劳动日工价形成了长期的、稳定的依赖,且后者是前者的格兰杰原因。脉冲响应分析和方差分解均显示,来自劳动日工价在过去三十年内对农民人均纯收入产生了持续性的贡献。实证结果表明,农业劳动日工价与农民人均纯收入具有长期稳定的关系,需要逐步提高偏低的农业劳动日工价。     

货币政策地区效应——基于地区总供给曲线的理论与实证分析

本文着重检验了我国区域经济中的基于产出缺口的地区短期总供给曲线的存在性,进而分析地区短期总供给曲线对货币政策地区效应的影响。文章首先对地区短期总供给曲线存在的可能性进行了理论解释,应用卡尔曼滤波方法估算了我国各地区的产出缺口,然后运用ARMA模型说明预期通货膨胀率形成机制,最后以通货膨胀率与其预期之差、外部需求冲击等作为解释变量对产出缺口进行回归,结果发现,我国东部地区的短期总供给曲线较中西部地区的短期总供给曲线更平坦,因而东部地区货币政策效应要强于中西部地区。     

Disciplining: A question of ethics?

The importance of evaluating a discipline system from an ethical perspective is considered. Disciplinary practices in contemporary organizations are frequently characterized by managers having to choose from among alternative courses of corrective action. Since the selected alternative may have serious consequences for the individuals involved, its rightness or wrongness is of concern. The pattern of these choices reflects the overall disciplinary practice of the organization, and is an issue that warrants attention from an ethical perspective. Basic schools of thought that influence contemporary discipline practices are discussed and suggestions are made for conducting an evaluation of the ethical nature of a discipline system.     

武汉城市圈农民人均年纯收入差距研究

文章利用2000～2007年间武汉城市圈9城市历年统计年鉴的数据,对该城市圈各城市间农民人均年纯收入差距的演变,分别从绝对差距、相对差距、倒U型假说以及收敛性等角度,进行了全方位的详细分析。结果显示:绝对差距逐年扩大,而相对差距总体是缩小的,尽管期间扩大和缩小交替出现;库兹涅茨倒U型通过检验;δ-收敛和绝对β-收敛都通过了检验,证明了收敛性的存在;通过控制影响农民人均年纯收入差距的经济结构差异变量后,条件β-收敛显著存在,一产比重与收入的增长负相关,而二产比重则相反。     

论《全明散曲》所收散曲的体式及其特征

谢伯阳先生主编的<全明散曲>,展示了明代散曲的全貌,是目前收录明代散曲最全的集子.然而<全明散曲>中收录的明代散曲体式却鲜为人知,这里分三部分叙述:名称与分类;宫调与曲牌;用韵与语词,旨在揭示明代散曲体式的概貌.     

析探春“拣高枝儿飞”

大多数作品在分析探春时都认为,庶出的探春只拣高枝儿飞和王夫人、王熙凤等当权派站在一起,背弃她的生母赵姨娘.但通过分析可以看出,探春与赵姨娘由于文化品味以及理想追求不同,决定了母女二人不可能有真正的理˙解和沟通.但是二人并没有抛开母女亲情.从探春三次流泪即可说明探春只拣高枝儿飞的观点是不正确的.<红楼梦>真正为我们展现的是探春与赵姨娘之间的本质差异,及她们之间扯不断的母女亲情与矛盾冲突.     

Are property rights enough?Re‐evaluating a big‐bang claim1

We investigate the claim made by proponents of the big‐bang strategy that the establishment of property rights in an economy in transition creates its own demand for the enforcement of laws to protect those rights. Our model contains a government engaging in activities to accomplish objectives that depend on public support for the enforcement of the rule of law and agents who interpret the level of activities of the government as indications of the government's intent to enforce the rule of law. Agents, using the level of government activities as an input to their decisions, choose whether to support the government's objectives. We establish conditions under which the level of activities chosen by the government maximizes its benefits, and simultaneously induces the constituency to support enforcement of the rule of law. These conditions provide a basis for the argument for the implementation of the big‐bang policy. When these conditions do not hold, however, we show that the level of activities that maximizes the government's benefits may have only a minor impact on support for the enforcement of the rule of law. Two characteristics play an important role in these conditions: the initial level of crime and the types of activities the government chooses to undertake. We present examples showing that the initial level of crime has the more dramatic effect on subsequent support for the rule of law.