Assessment of OECD Better Life Index by incorporating public opinion

Well-being has a multidimensional nature as it depends on multifaceted factors such as material conditions and quality of life. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has developed the Better Life Index (BLI) as part of the OECD Better Life initiative to facilitate the better understanding of what drives well-being of people. The BLI is a three-level hierarchical composite indicator that covers several socio-economic aspects. In this paper, considering the entire hierarchical structure of the index, we introduce a bottom-up procedure for the aggregation of the components at each level. We formulate the assessment of BLI as a multiple objective programming (MOP) problem that facilitates the implementation of different concepts to derive different aggregation schemes. We incorporate the data from previous years into the normalization process of the indicators, to take into account the discrepancy on their observed values and smooth their deviations across the years. Also, we consider the public opinion about well-being that is captured from the worldwide responses in the web platform of OECD BLI. We incorporate the public opinion into the assessment models in the form of weight restrictions. In this way, we reduce the effect of compensation that might be imposed by the adopted modelling approach. We apply our methodology to the data of 38 countries (35 OECD and 3 non-OECD economies) for the year 2017. Our findings illustrate that the public opinion in the form of weight restrictions can effectively drive the optimization process and depict the collective preferences to the BLI scores.     

An integrated replenishment-recruitment policy in a sustainable retailing system for deteriorating products

Currently, retail facilities play a significant role both economically and socially for their contributions to job creation and to reducing unemployment. In this paper, economic, environmental, and social issues, including unemployment, job creation for the local workforce within their hometown, the immigration of an unemployed workforce, and the naturalization of non-natives are addressed for a retailer. We explore the class of deteriorating products from the viewpoint of its economic and environmental features. Then, a linear multi-objective mathematical model is developed to determine an integrated replenishment and recruitment policy for the retailer in the direction of sustainability. Using data from the flower industry, a numerical analysis is presented. The results indicate that if necessary facilities and infrastructures are provided to permanently settle qualified immigrants, both social and economic indicators will be improved. We also determine that by concentrating on strategies such as job creation for natives through retail facilities with no increase in production capacity and by applying careful policies for immigration and naturalization, social welfare can be improved.     

风险与收益权衡的期权组合策略

本文对Papahristodoulou的风险中性模型进行了推广,提出了在希腊字母上具有可控制风险界的线性规划模型来确定最佳期权组合策略。在此模型中,风险界可以由投资者根据自己的个性和对市场风险的接受能力选择,然后通过风险与收益的权衡来进行调整。最后,应用本文的模型对爱立信看涨权和看跌权的组合策略进行了分析计算。     

Operational planning of vehicles for rescue and relief operations considering the unavailability of the relocated vehicles

Rapid urbanization has led to increasing fire incidents and false alarms, increasing the response time of fire departments. When a call arrives, the current technology deploys and relocates the vehicles based on their immediate impact on the system's preparedness. However, the unavailability of the relocated vehicles is often ignored during the relocation, thus the system's preparedness is overestimated. This paper presents a novel mixed-integer programming (MIP) model developed for the relocation and deployment of emergency/fire vehicles. The proposed model incorporates the unavailability element, and estimates system preparedness for future incidents more accurately than current models. To confirm the efficiency of the proposed approach, the required simulations were conducted in Mashhad, Iran. The results demonstrated the ability of the proposed model to improve the performance of the fire department in several performance metrics. We also provide sensitivity analysis over the critical parameters to demonstrate the robustness of the model.     

International Involvement and Production Efficiency among Startup Firms

The economic theory of small firms often requires a reasoning process distinct from those typically used for large multinational enterprises (MNEs), since small firms typically do not possess the resources MNEs commonly employ to outperform similar domestic firms. In the current analysis, we argue that new small firms with international sales can better predict their revenue stream than can comparably aged firms with only domestic sales, and, as a result, international selling firms have higher levels of technical productive efficiency. We employ 7829 firm-year observations from the 2007 to 2011 years of the Kauffman Firm Survey microdata sample in our analysis. A stochastic frontier model empirically supports the result that technical productive efficiency is positively related to the foreign sales ratio. These results hold after controlling for multiple relevant owner and firm characteristics, as well as accounting for potential endogeneity concerns.     

A multiobjective decision support system for multiresource forest management

A multiobjective and/or multiperson decision support system for analyzing multiresource forest management problems is developed in this paper. The procedure includes formulating the problem in a multiobjective and group decision making framework, and solving it using two solution techniques which consist of a distance-based compromise programming (CP) and a cooperative game theoretic approach of the Nash equilibrium type. The problem consists of five forest resources management objective functions to be maximized. Solving the problem using the two solution techniques enables determining a satisfactory compromise solution of the five forest resource management objectives. Sensitivity analysis of the two techniques shows compromise programming to be more sensitive to changes in the weight and the p-parameter of the technique while the cooperative game theoretic approach is relatively robust with respect to changes in the worst utility set.     

C#和Lisp编程接口问题研究

C #语言是微软最新推出的 .NET框架的首选语言 ,具有面向对象、高性能、安全稳定等特点 ;而Lisp语言是人工智能领域的主要语言。文中研究了应用系统开发中的混合语言编程问题 ,列举了C #和Lisp这 2种不同的程序设计语言之间的接口编程方式。     

基于神经网络模型的智能产业板块股价探究

针对金融波动性和市场风险,基于A股市场上70余只智能板块的股票近10年的四因子数据,从神经网络模型入手实证分析,利用随机梯度算法对收盘价预测,比较预测值与实际值的模型误差及损失函数,进行因子选取、算法改进及指标择优。结果表明,神经网络模型参数在批次为2、迭代次数为4 150时,MSE(均方误差)、MAPE(平均绝对百分比误差)、MAE(平均绝对误差)分别为60.191 1、30.732 6、4.803 2,收盘价的拟合效果最佳,该参数下的神经网络模型可用于探究股票市场价格趋势,为投资者、金融机构提供一定参考依据。     

长江经济带能源基础设施建设对区域经济增长的影响分析

基于修正的柯布道格拉斯生产函数,利用2001—2018年长江经济带的面板数据探究能源基础设施与区域经济增长的内在关系,并使用随机前沿分析（SFA）评估长江经济带11个省市的电力消费效率。结果表明,能源基础设施的改善对长江经济带的经济增长产生了积极的促进作用,且存在显著的滞后效应。此外,各省市的能源消费效率介于0.61～0.98,区域间差异不断缩小,长江经济带各省市的能源利用效率得到了显著改善,促进了社会经济涌流。     

Spillovers in Exchange Rates and the Effects of Global Shocks on Emerging Market Currencies

This paper provides an investigation into the spillover effects of exchange rate returns and volatility for developed and emerging market currencies, using data from 1997 to 2011. The results suggest that spillovers in exchange rate returns have increased steadily over time, in moderate reaction to economic events. In contrast, spillovers in total observed volatility (measured by squared returns) react more strongly to economic events, and this transmission has remained at a relatively high level since the global financial crisis. Furthermore, over the course of time, global shocks would appear to account for a larger proportion of aggregate exchange rate volatility (and the relative importance of domestic shocks has declined). The paper also considers whether the increase in volatility spillover is due to sudden shocks, or whether it is due to changes in the stochastic trend of the underlying volatility process. The results suggests that in most cases, this increase is due to sudden shocks, however, in certain instances country‐specific events may perpetuate changes to the trend of the underlying volatility spillover.