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961.
Historically, measures of brand value have focused on brand awareness, customer brand equity and measured brand loyalty. While useful, these generally provide little visibility for the future of the brand. A new measure, brand sustainability, is proposed, described and illustrated. Drawing on over 1 million responses to online customer questionnaires, over a 10-year period, covering brands in 73 FMCG product categories, we create, illustrate and demonstrate a brand sustainability measure. That measure consists of brand share of preference, a calculation of their average annual growth rate. That is then compared to the consumer-stated no brand preference in that category. Net promoter scores are used to support those calculations. Findings show that manufacturer brands are challenged, not by private label, but by no brand preference in the category. Research suggestions are made on how to develop and use brand sustainability and the impact of that measure on future brand growth and development. 相似文献
962.
周艳 《湖南经济管理干部学院学报》2013,(4):58-62
1994年税制改革并实行分税财政体制后建立起了现行地方税体系。随着我国经济体制改革的深入和经济建设的迅速发展,地方税体系在税权划分、税种设置及税收征管方面存在的问题日益显露。针对这些问题,在总结国外地方税体系建设经验基础上,结合我国的实际情况,提出相应健全措施。 相似文献
963.
964.
营业税改征增值税是完善我国税制的一个重要举措,确定各个产业部门改征增值税后的税率是其中一个关键的环节。运用可计算一般均衡模型可以评估营业税改征增值税之后不同税率的选择对宏观经济和产业结构的影响。政策模拟的结果显示,目前正在实施的营业税改征增值税的试点方案权衡了对财政收入和经济增长以及经济结构的影响,是对经济运行影响较小的稳健选择。 相似文献
965.
监管博弈过程中不同参与主体的风险偏好影响其有效性,对不同经营效率的金融机构监管的有效性也有差异。监管机构宜引入审核和惩罚等机制,提高监管强度,提升金融监管有效性。对高效率金融机构,监管机构宜采取原则导向的监管,给予更多的自主权,激发其竞争力和活力;对低效率金融机构,应采取规则导向的监管。同时,监管行为可更具灵活性,根据不同的风险偏好采取不同对策。 相似文献
966.
We analyze the location choice of a multinational corporation (MNC) between two host countries with different market structures, i.e. the number of competing domestic firms in them. We consider the effects of import tariffs and lump-sum subsidies on the MNC's locational choice. Our findings include: (1) with lump-sum subsidy, the country with fewer firms always gets the MNC, (2) with tariffs, the country with more domestic firms gets the MNC when the export transportation cost is high and the domestic firms are sufficiently inefficient, while the country with fewer domestic firms wins the MNC when export transportation cost is low, and (3) the MNC location decision may crucially depend on which instrument is used to attract the MNC. 相似文献
967.
Continuing economic development in Jordan provides potential food marketing opportunities as a new group of prospective value-added food product consumers emerges. The growing demand for high-value foods such as organically produced items also provides a new potential value-added market for Jordanian farmers. No studies to our knowledge have examined consumer preferences toward organic food items within Jordan. This study provides an initial attempt to fill this knowledge gap by examining the market for organic food items from a demand perspective in order to increase the knowledge available to Jordanian farmers, food processors, and retailers. 相似文献
968.
李彦甫 《南京审计学院学报》2023,(4)
以2017—2020年证券分析师研报为依据,将分析师估值模型选择偏好与分析师目标价结合探讨,并率先提出目标价投资参考价值这一全新概念且对其评估方法进行设计。研究发现,分析师存在特定的估值模型类型偏好,并且在不同行业中偏好不同的估值模型。然而,分析师偏好的估值模型不一定能够生成质量良好的目标价。对于不同特征的企业,分析师存在迥然各异的估值模型选择偏好,该偏好对目标价具有显著影响。结论可帮助分析师优化估值模型选择,提高目标价质量。 相似文献
969.
Using a vertically differentiated product model, this paper examines welfare implications of various government policies in a situation where consumers are environmentally discerning. It studies ad valorem taxes/subsidies and emission taxes. The optimal policy depends on the magnitude of damage parameter associated with environmental externality. For a given distribution of tastes and preferences, as the damage parameter increases from a low to a high value, the optimal policy shifts from an ad valorem tax to an ad valorem subsidy. It also shows that for a sufficiently low damage parameter, an ad valorem tax dominates an emission tax. 相似文献
970.
Toyotaka Sakai 《Economic Theory》2008,37(2):347-356
Auction theory usually assumes the quasi-linearity of individual preferences. We drop this assumption and define an extension
of second price mechanisms that applies to general preferences. It turns out that the extended second price mechanisms are
the only rules satisfying efficiency, strategy-proofness, and a mild non-imposition property. Their definition is simple just as much as the definition of usual second price mechanisms:
everyone reports his maximum willingness to pay and the bidder whose reported value is highest buys the auctioned object for
the price equal to the second highest reported value. The characterization is valid if efficiency is replaced by envy-freeness.
I gratefully acknowledge an associate editor and two anonymous referees for their very helpful comments. Hiroki Saitoh and
Shigehiro Serizawa independently obtain a result that is closely related to my main result (see, Remark in Sect. 1). I thank
them for sending me the paper and communication, and Yuji Fujinaka for informing me about their work. I also thank the financial
support by KAKENHI (19310031). 相似文献