技术创新劳动在价值创造中的独特作用

先进技术具有比社会平均技术更高的生产率，用于生产时可以代替更多的人类劳动，因此，利用它所生产的个别价值低于社会价值，使较少的劳动创造较多的社会价值。但先进技术是技术创新劳动的产物，因此它的上述作用体现着技术创新劳动独特的贡献。技术创新劳动的特点说明它是某种倍加的复杂劳动。     

Technological leadership and sectorial employment growth: A spatial econometric analysis for U.S. counties

This paper studies the determinants of technological catch‐up considering spatial and sectoral aggregation of industries. We investigate how geographical and technological proximity to the technology leader impact regional employment growth. We model technological progress by means of a hierarchical process of catch‐up to the technology leader. We also incorporate measures for knowledge spillover effects to test the roles of competition, specialisation, and diversity at the industry level. Empirical results using data at the county level for different economic sectors (2‐dig NAICS) for the United States indicate that human capital plays a crucial role in promoting sectoral employment growth. The association between technological/geographical distance to the technology leader and employment growth varies across sectors.     

企业年金投资的风险及其规避

投资运营是企业年金保值增值的关键环节,而有投资必有风险。本文从规避企业年金投资风险的角度,将企业年金投资风险分为三个层次：宏观经济变动引起的风险;企业年金在市场运营中产生的风险;企业年金投资运作主体引起的风险。引起投资风险的因素不同,则控制风险的措施不同。在风险识别的基础上,以创新理论为基础,从制度创新与技术创新两方面探讨了规避年金投资风险,获取较高、稳定收益的措施。     

数据包络分析方法在我国区域技术创新能力研究中的应用

本文利用DEA理论与方法,在计算机的支持下,通过理论分析、实证研究和比较分析,提出了基于数据包络分析的区域技术创新能力评价模型和评价指标体系;并利用相关数据,分析研究了我国区域技术创新的现状,并提出了我国各大区域的发展策略。     

战略性新兴产业技术创新路径的共生模式研究

培育和发展战略性新兴产业是我国近期提出的国家重点发展战略。战略性新兴产业是新兴产业与新兴技术深度融合的产业,因此,技术创新对战略性新兴产业的发展显得尤为重要。基于战略性新兴产业技术创新路径的视角,通过对战略性新兴产业技术创新制约因素的分析,提出技术创新路径的共生模式。该模式能够把自组织创新、集合原生创新、次生模仿创新整合到最佳技术创新状态,从而推动战略性新兴产业又好又快成长。     

刍议经济决策信息的分拣管理

经济决策信息是信息中人类社会信息的一种，它包括丰富的内容，且有诸多划分方法，信息时代的计算机网络系统的应用能够更有效地分拣经济决策信息。在应用物化手段的同时，笔不忘思考并探讨经济决策信息的筛选原则，对于经济决策来说，要把握正确的信息利用的思维方式和支配方法。     

企业技术创新的系统观与全面观

企业要获得持续的竞争优势,必须坚持全面和系统的技术创新。技术创新的系统观要求企业内外创新要素的系统集成,全面观则要求企业内不同创新形式的有机协同。基于创新管理理论的最新进展,文章分析了企业技术创新系统现与全面观的基本内涵。     

中小微企业技术创新公共服务平台的建设与发展———基于小榄专业镇的案例分析简

以小榄专业镇的技术创新公共服务平台为案例研究对象,采用单一案例研究方法,通过对案例数据进行详细分析,建立了小榄专业镇技术创新公共服务平台的结构,归纳了其运行机制,并进一步梳理了其演化过程的3个阶段及其特征.最后提出加快推进中小微企业技术创新公共服务平台建设的政策建议.     

How Fast are Semiconductor Prices Falling?

The Producer Price Index (PPI) for the U.S. suggests that semiconductor prices have barely been falling in recent years, a dramatic contrast to the rapid declines reported from the mid‐1980s to the early 2000s. This slowdown in the rate of decline is puzzling in light of evidence that the performance of microprocessor units (MPUs) has continued to improve at a rapid pace. Over the course of the 2000s, the MPU prices posted by Intel, the dominant producer of MPUs, became much stickier over the chips' life cycle. As a result of this change, we argue that the matched‐model methodology used in the PPI for MPUs likely started to be biased after the early 2000s and that hedonic indexes can provide a more accurate measure of price change since then. MPU prices fell rapidly through 2004 on every price measure we present, with the PPI declining at an even quicker pace than the hedonic indexes. However, from 2004 to 2009, our preferred hedonic index fell faster than the PPI, and from 2009 to 2013 the gap widened further, with our preferred index falling at an average annual rate of 42 percent, while the PPI declined at only a 6 percent rate. Given that MPUs currently represent about half of U.S. shipments of semiconductors, this difference has important implications for gauging the rate of innovation in the semiconductor sector.     

The benefits of the reciprocal grantback clause in patent licensing

This paper shows that a reciprocal grantback clause could potentially be a better licensing provision than a one-way type. There are two benefits associated with the use of a reciprocal grantback clause. First, it improves efficiency by reducing the (minimum) contract compatible royalty rate to zero. As a result, the production becomes efficient because both the licensor and the licensee produce at the same marginal cost. Second, a reciprocal grantback clause is a more effective provision than a one-way grantback clause to guarantee the transfer of superior technology, hence it promotes better technology diffusion.