山区高速公路施工成本控制——优化大临工程及设计方案节约施工成本

本文以承秦高速三标为背景,通过优化施工便道、临时电力、弃土场、拌和站、梁场等大临工程施工方案,优化隧道、桥梁设计方案,有效降低了施工成本,取得了较好的经济效益,对山区高速公路施工成本管理有一定的借鉴意义。     

Adoption of precision farming tools: A context-related analysis

This paper deals with precision farming tools (PFTs), a way of farming which relies on specialized equipment, software and information technologies services, whose importance is underlined in recent documents of the European Union. Precision farming is an integrated and sustainable farm management system making use of modern technologies to increase farm’s profitability, by reducing environmental impact. In this paper we explore the complex mechanisms that affect PFT’s adoption by Italian farmers. More precisely, we try to analyse the context-related factors affecting adoption of PFTs in the Italian farms.Little research has been carried out in Italy on this topic, therefore our paper tries to fill a gap in literature. In order to investigate the process of technology adoption related to precision agriculture, a questionnaire was submitted to a sample of Italian farms. The questionnaire has been structured in order to apply the AKAP (Awareness, Knowledge, Adoption, Product) sequence. Our analysis underlines that context-related factors are fundamental dimensions to be explored in order to specify uptake of PFTs. Therefore, the paper has relevant policy implications, within the context of a new participatory approach to agricultural innovation characterized by bottom-up processes boosted by farmers, which has informed the recent policies of agricultural innovation at the EU level.     

Earnings Instability and Tenure

We study the effect of tenure on earnings instability in Italy using the reforms of temporary employment contracts, which affected the average tenure of workers differentially across cohorts. We develop a model of earnings dynamics, and we exploit the variation of tenure and instability over time and across birth cohorts to estimate policy‐relevant parameters. Our results indicate that each year of tenure on the job reduces earnings instability by 11 percent; the drop is faster in the first three years of the match. Workers on a temporary contract have an earnings instability up to 100 percent higher than workers on a permanent contract.     

Consumer Preferences for Coffee: Hot and Wet,or Quality and Flavor?

An econometric model is developed and estimated for all brands of coffee sold at the retail level in four supermarkets in Columbus, Ohio. These brands are segmented into 24 categories, and the four stores are classified into two groups, inner-city and suburban, based on 2010 census tract data. Using estimated measures of price-sensitivity, these 24 categories are further segmented into four groups to help guide and clarify the discussion. Estimated results show different purchasing patterns and different levels of price-sensitivity for inner-city and suburban shoppers. Further, these purchasing patterns and levels of price-sensitivity suggest alternative marketing strategies for retailers. Private-label coffee brands are shown to be quite competitive with many national brands, and indeed private-label brands command a market share among inner-city shoppers that is more than double that for the nation (21.95% vs. 9%).     

浅谈施工现场临时用电安全防护措施

分析了在油气田建设工程施工阶段,临时用电存在的设备陈旧、安全管理不到位、保护接地线不按要求连接等安全隐患,提出了安全用电的具体防护措施。     

消费行为、产出变化与经常项目动态

国内吸收法认为,当国内需求没有完全吸收其产出时,就会通过净出口产生贸易顺差.中国持续的经常项目顺差似乎与消费需求不足有关.收入是决定居民消费需求的最基本因素之一.本文通过实证分析我国居民的消费与收入变化的关系来考察我国居民的消费需求,结合国内吸收法的思想来分析我国的经常项目动态.     

旅游形象认知的时间顺序对旅游目的地形象认知的影响研究--以银川沙湖与榆林红碱淖为例

旅游者对旅游目的地的形象认知是影响旅游活动的重要因素,对旅游目的地形象定位和市场营销策略的选择都具有重要的参考价值。许多因素对旅游目的地形象认知都产生影响,其中认知的时间特征对旅游目的地形象认知的影响是一个值得关注的新课题:旅游者对不同旅游目的地形象认知的先后顺序对旅游目的地形象认知是否产生影响以及这种影响的程度如何。文章以银川沙湖与榆林红碱淖为例,对旅游者对旅游目的地形象认知中的“先入为主”与“既成事实”效应进行了分析,初步证明旅游者对不同旅游目的地形象感知的先后顺序对旅游目的地形象认知产生影响,并针对案例景区的情况,强调了旅游形象定位与市场营销中的先发优势,提出了自己的观点。     

一种新型的适用于CDMA扩频系统的混沌序列

在各种混沌映射的基础上,为了改善混沌序列被截短带来的影响,提出了一种级联型的混沌映射。研究和仿真证明,该方法产生的混沌序列在伪随机性、相关性、平衡性、误码率方面的性能优良,很适合用于DS/CDMA扩频通信中。     

西方国家对劳动派遣放松规制的背景及其启示——兼评《中华人民共和国劳动合同法（草案）》相关条款

自20世纪90年代以来，西方国家和国际劳工组织对劳动派遣的政策已呈现出放松规制的迹象。西方国家是在严格规制的原有基础上和劳动力供给不足的市场环境中，在劳动派遣作为典型雇佣关系补充形式且以雇佣型劳动派遣为主的情形下，在严格控制派遣机构资格并有社会合作伙伴广泛参与监管的同时，对劳动派遣放松规制，这也是强化与放松并存的结构性规制。我国劳动派遣业的发展具有不同于西方国家的背景，虽然也应当强化规制与放松规制并举，但现阶段应当侧重强化规制；并且，应当基于我国国情，就从严规制和从宽规制的事项作出选择。     

社会资本对大学生就业的差序性影响

在中国传统社会的大背景下,充分继承马克·格兰诺维特＂弱连带＂理论和费孝通＂差序格局＂理论的基础上,将弱关系理论、社会资本理论以及＂差序格局＂理论相比照,分析中国大学生无论在职业选择还是就业倾向上都受家庭社会关系网所拥有的社会资本量的多少的影响,从而进一步分析社会资本（家庭背景）对大学生就业的差序性影响。