我国稀土定价权的缺失与对策建议

稀土是现代工业的重要基础原料,我国是世界最大的稀土储藏国,同时也是最大的稀土生产国和出口国,但在稀土价格上的决定权却很小。供大于求、产业集中度过低等是我国稀土定价权缺失的重要原因,造成大量国际贸易利益的损失。近年来,我国采取了许多稀土产业政策,取得了一定的效果。在此基础上,文章对稀土定价权的夺回提出了适度调整出口调控的手段、积极推进稀土产业的整合、不断延伸稀土产业链、大幅度提高稀土生产成本等建议。     

Purchasing Power Parity under Regime Shifts: An Application to Asian Countries*

This paper re‐examines the long‐run purchasing power parity (PPP) relationship for nine Asian countries relative to the USA and Japan during a period containing significant structural breaks. The relevance of considering structural breaks in PPP tests is demonstrated by utilizing the Johansen et al. (2000) procedure that allows for up to two pre‐determined structural breaks. Using conventional tests without considering breaks, one is able to reject the null of no cointegration for only four countries. The Johansen et al. procedure clearly demonstrates the importance of allowing for structural breaks and provides strong support for long‐run PPP for all the countries, regardless of the base country, except in the case of the Philippines vis‐à‐vis Japan. The Hansen–Johansen parameter constancy test indicates stability for all the countries except the Philippines relative to the USA and Malaysia relative to Japan.     

我国对外开放战略的跨越式发展--从特区建设到“一带一路”

中国改革开放从特区建设到“一带一路”的实施推进,经历了设立经济特区、进一步开放沿海城市、沿江沿边和内陆省份开放、加入WTO和“一带一路”五个阶段,并表现出鲜明的特点。我国对外开放战略,具有渐进性、阶段性和互利性,对“一带一路”战略的有效实施有着重要的作用。     

产品市场势力能降低股票市场的异质信念吗——基于A股市场的实证研究

基于2001年至2009年A股市场的数据,本文检验了Peress(2010)提出的产品市场势力降低股票市场异质信念水平的推断,并分析了Miller(1977)提出的影响股票市场异质信念的因素。我们发现产品市场势力不仅不能降低反而可能会提高股票市场异质信念的水平。在将异质信念分解为异质先验导致的异质信念,渐进信息流动、有限注意导致的异质信念后,这种提高主要表现在对后者的提高上。该结果意味着产品市场势力可能因为提高了异质信念水平而促进了股票市场的交易,从而为交易异象的解释提供了新的思路。此外,实证结果显示上市公司的业务集中度、机构持股可以降低异质信念水平,而上市公司的已上市时间、市场中股票数量对于异质信念的影响与已有的理论分析并不完全一致。     

不确定性条件下风电并网成本分摊方式对风电供给函数的影响

根据风电间歇性特点,分析不同的并网成本分摊方式对风电供给函数的影响。基于并网成本是可再生能源投资的一个重要组成部分,研究风电生产商和电网运营商的成本分配责任界限,和不同的并网成本分摊方式对分配机制的影响。结果证明:若并网成本由电网运营商来承担,则会产生较低的生产者剩余并且致使电力消费者获得较少的转移成本。     

渠道权力的来源、使用与渠道绩效——关于我国汽车营销渠道的实证研究

产生渠道冲突的非常重要的原因是渠道成员所拥有的不同的渠道权力来源和使用方式。渠道权力是成员间依赖性的反映,它既来源干强制性权力,也来源于非强制性权力,使用不同的权力引起的后果不同。本文发现,生产商的权力无论来源于强制性权力还是非强制性权力,都对经销商拥有更大的权力,从而牢牢控制着渠道;无论强制性权力还是非强制性权力,都可以引发渠道冲突;生产商对经销商较大的权力和渠道冲突并无必然联系,但对渠道绩效却有显著的正面效应。     

Is implementing the IPSASs an appropriate reform?

The purpose of this paper is to argue that the implementation of the accrual-based IPSASs in European-influenced developing and transition economy countries is not an appropriate reform unless preceded or accompanied by other, essentially managerial, reforms. The nature and extent of these prior reforms depend upon the political and cultural context and, not least, upon the power relationships within and between public institutions. The advocates of the application of the IPSASs appear not to recognize that for the reform to be effective it cannot be treated as simply a technical accounting reform, yet this is what is occurring. The issues identified in this paper are based upon the author’s practical experiences of working in many of these countries.     

地方人大重大事项决定权工作机制探索

党的十八大对坚持和完善人民代表大会制度提出了新的更高要求,十八届三中全会作出的《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》,特别明确了人大重大事项决定权。鉴于目前地方人大及其常委会的决定权基本虚置的状况,本文探讨了地方人大重大事项决定权的涵义及工作机制,以期健全人大讨论、决定重大事项制度,推进人民代表大会制度理论和实践创新。     

The geometry of voting power: Weighted voting and hyper-ellipsoids

Suppose legislators represent districts of varying population, and their assembly's voting rule is intended to implement the principle of one person, one vote. How should legislators' voting weights appropriately reflect these population differences? An analysis requires an understanding of the relationship between voting weight and some measure of the influence that each legislator has over collective decisions. We provide three new characterizations of weighted voting that embody this relationship. Each is based on the intuition that winning coalitions should be close to one another. The locally minimal and tightly packed characterizations use a weighted Hamming metric. Ellipsoidal separability employs the Euclidean metric: a separating hyper-ellipsoid contains all winning coalitions, and omits losing ones. The ellipsoid's proportions, and the Hamming weights, reflect the ratio of voting weight to influence, measured as Penrose–Banzhaf voting power. In particular, the spherically separable rules are those for which voting powers can serve as voting weights.