论邓小平对我国经济增长速度问题的独特认识

在如何科学认识经济发展规律,正确把握经济的增长速度方面,我们党有着十分丰富的经验和教训。邓小平在总结这些经验教训的基础上,对我国经济增长速度与社会文明进步、国家稳定发展和深化改革开放、经济快速发展与改善人民生活等许多重大问题,形成了非常深刻与独到的认识。     

试论农民合作经济组织的法人地位

农民合作经济组织是在中国市场经济环境中发育起来的一种独立的经济组织形式。它是小农家庭进入市场的桥梁和纽带;是提高农民社会经济地位的主要途径。但这些组织存在法人地位不明确问题,该问题严重制约了农民合作经济组织的发展。因此,中国应尽快确立农民合作经济组织的法人地位。     

解释经济波动现象的两种理论比较

真实经济周期理论从微观出发研究宏观经济,认为经济周期的产生原因来自于经济体系之外的真实冲击,其对宏观经济波动的解释与传统凯恩斯主义波动理论观点迥异,从而对后者在宏观经济研究中的统治地位提出了挑战,并为经济研究开拓了新的思路。比较了两种理论在经济波动的原因、性质、传播机制、研究方法、模型以及政策含义等方面的差异,并评价了两种理论各自的优劣之处。     

马克思"资本主义再生产周期"与西方"经济长周期论"比较研究

马克思的再生产理论表明,社会生产的两大部类及两大部类之间必须保持一定的比例关系,社会总资本再生产才能顺利进行。但是,由于资本主义制度固有的内在矛盾———生产的社会化与生产资料的私人占有这一基本矛盾,使社会再生产所要求的比例关系往往不能保持,导致经济危机的爆发。在马克思之后,资本主义经济危机爆发日趋严重,一些马克思主义经济学家和西方资产阶级经济学家对这一现象进行了研究,“西方经济长周期理论”就是其突出成果之一。但是,由于西方资产阶级经济学家阶级的局限性以及在此立场上所形成的社会观、历史观和方法论,都制约和妨碍了他们对经济长周期理论的深入研究和本质分析,这也是他们得不出科学理论的根本原因。     

Shrinking Cities,Shrinking Households,or Both?

Household size decline accounts for a substantial portion of population loss in shrinking cities, yet little research has focused on it. Much of the literature presents a simple growth/decline binary that is largely determined via population figures. In this paper, we highlight the importance and assess the impact of household size changes on population decline, and determine what types of household size declines are more acute in shrinking cities than other locales. We find that elderly households and households with school-aged children are under-represented in shrinking cities, while households with pre-school-aged children are over-represented. More tellingly, we find the biggest source of household-related loss in shrinking cities to be the growth of single-person households now living in houses that were once home to entire families. These findings puncture the binary on which much of the shrinking cities discourse is based. The population dynamics of most cities are subtler than either practitioners or critical scholars assert. We argue that plans and development strategies for shrinking cities should reflect a range of demographic changes, including outmigration and internal household restructuring.     

小城镇经济辐射区研究--以重庆为例

本文以重庆为例,分析了小城镇经济辐射区范围的形成受行政范围、自然条件、人口规模、城镇用地规模、经济结构、经济规模、交通和市场等八个主要因素的影响,指出小城镇经济辐射能力弱、辐射范围小是欠发达地区普遍存在的现实问题,并在此基础上提出了相关建议.     

江苏和甘肃经济发展与大气环境保护状况比较分析

江苏是我国东部经济发达地区省份 ,甘肃是西部欠发达省份 ,两省具有不同的经济增长和环境保护特征 ,对其进行比较研究 ,可发现东部与西部地区各自的比较优势 ,为双方的协作互补和相互借鉴探索切合点。本文对两省工业废气排放总量、单位GDP工业废气排放量、工业SO2、工业烟尘和工业粉尘的排放量与去除量、工业废气污染治理投资、工业废气排放重点行业等指标进行了重点定量比较分析 ,得出了相应结论 ,提出了相应措施     

Looking into the black box of boosting: the case of Germany

This article looks into the ‘fine print’ of boosting for economic forecasting. By using German industrial production for the period from 1996 to 2014 and a data set consisting of 175 monthly indicators, we evaluate which indicators get selected by the boosting algorithm over time and four different forecasting horizons. It turns out that a number of hard indicators like turnovers, as well as a small number of survey results, get selected frequently by the algorithm and are therefore important to forecasting the performance of the German economy. However, there are indicators such as money supply that never get chosen by the boosting approach at all.     

Mobilizing moral boundaries: the politics of derivatives reform in the US

This paper explains the reform of derivatives markets in the US by stressing the influence of moral distinctions on financial market regulation. The results show that business and consumer groups outside finance activate boundaries between legitimate risk management and illegitimate speculative practices. This categorical distinction delegitimised certain practices within the financial industry and affected both the relative power of interest groups and the political agenda. First, the mobilisation of moral boundaries strengthened the position of legitimate groups and weakened that of the financial industry in negotiations. This forced the latter to alter its lobbying strategies. Second, by highlighting inappropriate speculative practices, groups outside the financial sector changed policy-makers’ perception of problems. Policy-makers adopted a position which is congruent with broader moral understandings. The study is based on data from Congressional hearings, interviews, media articles, letters and interest group publications. The process tracing analysis advances our understanding of the social mechanisms linking moral perceptions and institutional change in financial markets.     

From goulash communism to goulash populism: the unwanted legacy of Hungarian reform socialism

The systemic change of 1989/1990 is usually identified as the critical juncture in the modern economic history of post-communist economies. While the change itself was indeed a remarkable moment in time, a branching point from which a multitude of new paths originated in most of the countries in Central and Eastern Europe, this was only partially true in the case of Hungary. If a critical juncture is sought for Hungary, it is more likely to be 1968, the year the New Economic Mechanism was launched. By applying the conceptual framework of historical institutionalism, the article argues that what made Hungary unique during the communist era and what rendered its position as a (one-time) frontrunner proved to be a serious constraint after the systemic change. The legacy of a pre-born welfare state, the constant need for compensating potential losers of any economic reform, along with short-sighted decision-making, have together generated specific path dependencies in the Hungarian trajectory of economic development.