社会工作理念与方法在工会中的价值应用

我国的工会工作在价值理念、工作方法、具体技术的挑战以及服务内容等方面需要不断地发展和创新。本文主要就对社会工作的理念和方法在工会当中的价值应用进行了分析。     

On the causes of increasing world poverty and inequality,or why the Matthew effect prevails

The purpose of this article is to analyse one of the very first European-level instances of trade union and social movement interaction in defence of the public sector, namely, the Coalition for Green and Social Procurement, an alliance of European trade unions and green and social non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and its campaign for an amendment of the new public procurement directives from 2000 to 2003. It will be examined to what extent this campaign was able to change the directives and counter neoliberal restructuring effectively as well as what the possibilities but also limits of trade union and social movement cooperation are as exemplified in this particular case study.     

The Primacy of Space in Politics: Bargaining Rights,Freedom and Power in an İstanbul Neighborhood

This article explores and theorizes the ways in which urban space and political contestations are mapped onto each other. The ethnography illustrates the multifaceted transformations in a notoriously secularist neighborhood of ?stanbul, Te?vikiye, as it first turns into a high‐consumption locality in the post‐1980s, then into a high‐conflict urban space in the new millennium on the arrival of Muslim high‐spenders, particularly headscarved women. Aiming to fill the gap left by the absence of spatial analysis from political science and political sociology, I argue that the urban neighborhood becomes central for political contestation when both government and opposition fail to protect and secure liberties and rights. Now that devout Muslims are integrated into highly contested urban sites and share bourgeois lifestyles, ordinary people act in defense of their ‘sphere’ of freedom and privacy. This new territoriality is largely symptomatic of increasing fears of losing freedom, privacy and social status. This spatial defensiveness is reinforced by people's decreasing trust in, and increasing demands from, the state for the protection and security of their rights and liberties. My overarching argument is that exclusive attention to the bipolar clash between devout Muslims and secularists under the rubric of ‘neighborhood wars’ obscures multipolar conflicts around the discontents stemming from authoritarianism and democratization.     

关于我系如何培养高素质团总支、学生会学生干部的思考

系团总支、学生会中的学生干部是系学生中的突出群体,在服务同学、协助学校管理、构建和谐校园的各项工作中具有十分重要的作用,是系人才培养和各项建设的重要部分。加强团总支、学生会学生干部队伍的素质培养,是系精神文明建设、系风学风建设和学生思想政治教育工作的重要环节。本文结合作者实际工作体会,分析了系团总支、学生会学生干部的特点,指出存在的问题,探索了培养高素质团总支、学生会学生干部的方式方法,对系学生干部的培养和校园文化建设具有积极的现实意义。     

Emerging Consensus on Labour Market Institutions and Implications for Developing Countries: From the Debates in India

Abstract

This paper makes a critical intervention to on-going theoretical and policy debates in the economic analysis of labour market institutions (LMIs) in the context of recent debates in India. It focuses on the internal inconsistency of mainstream economic analyses of LMIs, in particular those based on the new institutional economics (NIE) approach, and what appears to be an emerging policy consensus on LMIs within the World Bank and the International Labour Organization (ILO). The paper draws out the possible ideological parallels in these two developments, despite different intellectual origins and intentions of those engaged in these debates. A corresponding modification in policy debates in India is observed in the shifting perspectives from the Second National Commission on Labour (SNCL) to the National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganised Sector (NCEUS). The apparent emerging consensus in both the theoretical literature and policy debates reveals the tendency for researchers to focus on labour market outcomes and phenomenal forms of LMIs rather than the structures, processes, agencies and relations that underpin them. While this can be seen as an advancement from the traditional distortionist-institutionalist dichotomy, the tendency of this consensus to explain the persistence of seemingly inefficient institutions within the micro-level choice theoretic framework and its appeal to policy agendas on good governance, social capital, trust and civil society, render it vulnerable to appropriation by the mainstream. The paper argues that the emerging consensus on LMIs is an inadequate framework to inform effective policy propositions, and highlights the scope and opportunity for a political economy alternative.     

Mobilizing consent: paternalism and cellular manufacturing

In this paper we explore the dynamics of the introduction of New Systems and Structures of Work Organization (NSSWO) in the context of the forces impacting upon organizational change in the unionized sector of manufacturing industry throughout the Thatcher period. This we do by way of a detailed case study of a major UK auto-components manufacturer. We explore a number of changes in work organization, including the introduction of a cellular-based system of manufacturing, from its initial strategic conception through to its implementation; the delegation of responsibility for quality to shop-floor operators and the use of more flexible working practices. In doing so, we reconsider the context of change, the detailed processes of change and the pattern of accommodation between labour and management. Drawing upon our previous work on the nature of paternalism (Ackers,and Black, 1991), we explore its significance in terms of management’s constant drive for more economic work practices and patterns of organization. Specifically we explore the significance of paternalism as a relevant concept in interpreting the case, and hence, also, as a relevant concept in understanding HRM. The case challenges the prevailing ideology that the ‘successful’

economic organization requires (a) a de-regulated labour market and (b)

a trade union free environment, or, failing this, that management needs to

develop an individualistic approach towards the work-force, moving from the

more pluralist‘industrial relations’approach towards an essentially ‘unitarist framework, as found in certain interpretations of ‘uman resource management’(Guest, 1987)

The paper is thus a contribution to the continuing analysis of those ‘tensions and struggles through which the open ended potential of labour power have been managed, through shifting patterns of coercion, accommodation and compliance into profitable forms of production’(Elger and Smith, 1994: 12; Thompson, 1990). By means of this case we attempt to explore this issue with respect to three interconnected

themes:

The place of paternalism as a relevant concept in the age of HRM.

The extent to which organizations may be better advised to look towards ways

to build upon their existing organization culture, rather than seeking solutions

from overseas models.

Linking with previous work on the ‘Joint Process’in the US (Black and Ackers, 1994), the paper raises issues concerning the ‘strategic issue . . . which managers have to face . . . the balance between joint regulation and joint consultation’(Storey and Sissons, 1993: 221), and hence the role of trades unions in organizational change programmes.     

探索企业“党工共建”有效途径

“党工共建”对于构建和谐企业,促进安全生产和经济效益双赢有着重要的作用。文章从党建带工建,共建促双赢,“党建带工建”是搞好工会组织建设的关键,“工建促党建”是企业党组织和工会建设需要等方面,对广西桂冠大化水力发电总厂“党工共建”工作进行阐述,并从强化领导,从责任上落实“党工共建”;加深认识,在思想和行动上实现“党工共建”;加强制度建设,从制度规范上保证“党工共建”;理顺劳动关系,从劳动关系上构造工建服务党建;强化人文环境,彰显“党工共建”互动发展等5个途径进行探索。     

关于发挥工会优势创建学习型企业的思考

工会是党联系职工群众的桥梁和纽带,它不仅具有促进职工提高道德素质和科学文化素质的职能,而且起到维护职工合法权益的作用。为了更好地发挥工会的自身优势,必须加强工会的内部构筑,向学习型企业的方向迈进,最终“成为广受社会信赖和尊敬的行业”。文章从思想、执行、企业3个方面入手,结合“创先争优”和企业文化的联系性,由局部到整体,对发挥工会优势,创建学习型企业进行了思考。     

当代西方公共服务社会化的民主政治理据探析

公共服务社会化是当代西方国家公共管理改革的重要目标模式。推动公共服务社会化发展的民主政治理据既包括多元民主理论,又包括参与民主理论。与两种民主政治理据分别对应的公共服务社会化其实具有不同的内涵。与多元民主相对应的是公共服务的市民社会化,这种模式中的人是利己的原子化个体,对公共服务的参与被视为保持自私自利的工具;与参与民主对应的是公共服务的公民社会化,这种模式中的人是具有合群天性的"政治人",对公共服务的参与则被视为提升公民美德的教育训练。     

论中国经济可持续发展的原始动力——基于构建和谐稳定劳动关系的视角

在社会主义市场经济条件下,劳资两大基本生产要素之间和谐稳定的关系不仅有助于我国社会结构的稳定,也是经济可持续发展的原始动力。当前,劳动关系失衡,劳动者的合法权益得不到有效保障,这些制约着经济的可持续发展和经济增长方式的转变。在中国国情制度框架内的工会合作博弈行为,是维护劳动者权益的有效手段,是实现劳动关系平衡的理想路径。工会的合作博弈有助于劳动和资本有效良性的结合,从而推动经济的可持续发展和经济增长方式的转变。