国内标准文献机构与国内外先进科技文献机构及资源共享联盟的对比分析

2007～2008年间，国家标准馆对公共图书馆、共建共享联盟、专业图书馆和国内领先的地方标准机构总共10家机构进行了调研，调研内容涉及9个领域。通过对比分析，看到了我们的差距，并提出了可行的改进建议。     

销售商品收入与增值税应税销售额的差异分析

从会计准则对企业销售商品收入的界定和税法对增值税应税销售额的界定的差异入手,通过比较几种销售商品方式下会计与税法的不同处理规定,分析销售商品收入与增值税应税销售额的差异.     

电能质量分析仪示值误差的测量不确定度评定

电能质量分析仪是采用虚拟仪器技术和软测量技术的设计思想而研制的,既可以作为发电企业对厂内电能质量检测的重要设备,也可作为供电部门对配电网用户进行电能质量检测的重要设备,以监测配电网用户对电网电能造成的污染情况。因此,它的应用领域十分广阔。文章对电能质量分析仪的测量结果的不确定度分析过程进行了介绍。     

建立科学的和谐示范矿区标准 全面引领油田矿区建设和发展

大庆油田矿区服务事业部通过建立和谐示范矿区基础设施标准、生态绿化标准、管理标准、服务标准、安全环保标准、文化建设标准,科学地指导大庆油田加快推进矿区设施完善、绿色生态、智能化建设、服务提升、文化引领等一系列工程建设,并运用评价标准,科学评价和谐示范矿区综合指数和系统和谐度,找准差距、探寻突破,使大庆油田和谐示范矿区建设实现全面协调、可持续发展。     

标准管理系统在普光采气厂的开发与应用

介绍了普光采气厂标准管理信息系统的建立、原理和内容,同时对应用效果进行了分析。该信息系统实现了标准的在线查询,解决了标准管理和生产中的实际问题,获得了较好的经济效益和社会效益。     

Application of spatial resource data to assist in farmland valuation

A land transaction is generally not a recurring action for most buyers and sellers, their experience and knowledge are limited, for this reason the services of property agents and valuers are sometimes used, just to get more information available. The condition of insufficient information and the inability to observe differences in land productivity gives rise to the undervaluation of good land and overvaluation of poor land. The advent of the Internet made access to comprehensive information sources easier for property agents and valuers whose critical time and resources can now be effectively managed through Geographic Information System (GIS) integrated workflow processes. This study aims to develop the blueprint for a farm valuation support system (FVSS) that assists valuers in their application of the comparable sales method by enabling them to do the following: (1) Rapid identification of the location of the subject property and transaction properties on an electronic map. (2) Comparison of the subject property with the transaction properties in terms of value contributing attributes that can be expressed in a spatial format, mainly (a) location and (b) land resource quality factors not considered in existing valuation systems that primarily focus on residential property. An algorithm, that generates an index value, was developed to allow easy comparison of the land of a subject property and that of transaction properties. This index value distinguishes the proposed FVSS from other existing property valuation systems and can therefore be used by valuers as a first approximation of a property's soil suitability, before doing further field work. The FVSS was successfully developed and tested, primarily using data obtained in the Western Cape, South Africa.     

The influence of valuation practices upon the price of vacant inner city land

Summary

Many earlier studies have provided useful statistical information on the extent of vacant land in British towns and cities, but few have attempted to relate land vacancy to the wider development process. This paper presents recent evidence from Inner Manchester which suggests that valuation practices operate to prevent inner city land prices from falling even in areas of apparent over‐supply. This creates a blockage in the development process. It is shown that asking prices for vacant sites currently on the market are often substantially in excess of the level of prices achieved in recent transactions. As the great waves of compulsory acquisition in Manchester are now over, the statutory rules of valuation do not account for this difference, although historic levels of value have been supported by recent local authority acquisitions by agreement. It is evident that the comparative method of valuation is unable to cope with few transactions or a declining economy, both of which characterize the inner city land market. As a result, inner city land prices appear to be revised downwards only slowly and reluctantly in response to lack of demand or excess supply.     

浅议我国行政主体范围的重新界定

行政主体概念是行政法上的基础性概念，其在认定行政行为、行政诉讼被告、行政复议的申请人和国家赔偿的义务主体方面具有至关重要的作用。当前，由于我国行政主体范围界定过窄，致使众多实际上行使行政权力的组织行为无法被归于行政行为，也使得权益受损方得不到应有的救济和保护。因此，今后应将实际上行使行政权力的组织即公法人纳入我国行政主体的范围。     

Valuing Changes in the Quality of Coral Reef Ecosystems: A Stated Preference Study of SCUBA Diving in the Bonaire National Marine Park

We estimated the economic value of changes in the quality of a coral reef ecosystem to SCUBA divers in the Caribbean using a stated preference mail survey. Our sampling frame was all divers with U.S. home addresses who purchased a tag required for diving in the Bonaire National Marine Park in 2001. Divers were asked how they might have altered their trip choice had the quality of the coral reef system been different from what they experienced. From these responses we inferred the value of three different levels of quality defined by visibility, species diversity, and percent coral cover. We used random utility theory and mixed logit to analyze the choice questions. Our sample size was 211, and our survey response rate was 75%. For modest changes in quality we estimated per person annual losses at $45. For larger losses the value was $192. Presented at the 3rd World Congress of Environmental and Resource Economists in Kyoto, Japan, July 2006.     

标准之辞源考

“标准”一词初见于东晋（327～376年），为道德标准，技术“标准”的用法见于北魏建昌四年（515年），唐朝时“标准”一词的使用已经十分普遍，南宋时期，“标准”一词的内容已经多样化，涉及人文、管理和技术领域。南宋朱熹提出了关于标准的完整定义，是“极”与“中”的结合。汉语词组“标准”的含义比ISOOEC定义更广泛。