Organizational governance and TMT pay level adjustment

This paper analyzes how the characteristics of boards and structure of ownership moderate a firm's capacity to adjust top management team (TMT) pay levels in the face of changes in its economic and complexity conditions. Using panel data from Spanish listed companies between 2003 and 2007, the results indicate that, over time, characteristics of corporate governance system contribute to give a fundamental importance to boards and ownership structure in the determination and adjustment of TMT pay. These associations appear to be even stronger than those that in other Western European and North American countries. Both the Spanish cross-holding and concentrated firms' ownership structure, and socially intervened boards play a major role in the high levels of pay received by the TMT, which, in turn, reflect a moderate adjustment of compensation practices to variations of surrounded environment factors.     

契约执行效率与垂直化结构

本文在LuigiPascali分析框架的基础上构建了一个两部门垄断竞争模型,考察不完全契约与垂直化结构的关系,并利用中国分地区分行业数据进行了检验。分析结果表明：契约执行效率的提高有利于垂直专业化分工;在契约要素密集度和物质资产专用性高的行业,契约执行效率与垂直一体化存在着明显的负向关系,在控制其他变量以及内生性问题后,这一结果仍然稳健;契约执行效率对人力资产专用性行业的治理结构影响不大。     

企业边界与产业组织的动态演化——基于企业边界二元分析范式的综合解释

对企业边界的主流研究存在着运用交易费用理论和企业能力理论的两大范式,但均有其局限性,即停留在短期的静态分析和局限于企业层面。本文在这两大范式的基础上,把短期、静态分析推进到长期、动态分析,并着力从产业层面揭示企业边界的动态演进机制,试图实现企业边界二元范式的新综合。二元范式的综合解释说明,交易费用与企业能力,企业边界与产业边界之间是一种共同演化关系。     

我国各行业国际产品内贸易发展水平——基于垂直专业化指数法的测算

当前国际产品内贸易发展水平的测度主要包括联合国广义分类法(BEC)、加工贸易替代法以及垂直专业化指数法(VSS)。以VSS方法计算的结果表明,近年来,我国初级产品部门和资源密集型行业国际产品内贸易水平都呈下降趋势;高技术部门和劳动密集型行业的产品内贸易水平提升较快;服务贸易内各行业的国际垂直分工也有大幅度提升。     

产品内分工对中国外贸顺差的影响分析

产品内分工是中国外贸从1994年开始连续16年保持顺差的重要因素之一,产品内分工所引起的世界经济活动的新变化为中国充分发挥自己的比较优势和后发优势,吸引外商直接投资、承接国际产业转移和大力发展加工贸易提供了难得的机遇,从而扩大了中国商品出口的范围和数量,产生大量的贸易顺差。实证分析结果也表明,参与产品内分工程度的衡量指标,即垂直专业化比率对中国外贸顺差产生较大的正向促进作用。     

产业内贸易理论演进

本文结合产业内贸易的实践与内涵,对产业内贸易理论的发展脉络进行了梳理。本文认为,传统的产业内贸易理论的研究对象是基于各国,特别是发达国家与发展中国家的要素比较优势所生产的最终产品。而随着20世纪90年代国际直接投资的深入发展,产业内贸易理论的研究对象深化为中间产品,跨国公司实现了其主导下的全球资源在各生产阶段或生产工序中的最优配置,其中中国以加工贸易的模式参与了全球竞争,中国在国际贸易中的获利发生了根本变化。     

Willingness to pay for brands: a cross‐region,cross‐category analysis

Using survey data collected in multiple locations (California and Texas in the United States and Revohot in Israel), we quantify category‐ and location‐specific variations of consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for brand products after controlling for consumer characteristics. We find that consumers have a similar qualitative assessment of brand value in different product categories across different locations. That is, consumers have a stronger preference and higher WTP for brands in consumer electronics, followed by clothing and then processed food, and the lowest in fresh produce. Furthermore, we simulate price premiums and market shares of brands relative to generic products in different categories. Simulation results suggest that brands in fresh produce have the highest price premium but lowest market share. Despite the similarities, the magnitude of WTP for brands as well as the simulated price premium and the corresponding market share in the same product category are location variant. The similarities and dissimilarities suggest validity of having global brand strategies adapted to local conditions, that is, the so‐called “thinking globally and acting locally” strategy.     

基于纵向一体化的矿业探采一体化研究

矿业探采一体化本身是探矿主体或采矿企业纵向一体化的过程.探采一体化具有提高资源的利用效率、节约交易费用、降低市场风险、扩大规模效应、提升企业国际竞争力、促进矿业可持续发展的六大优势.受制于我国传统地勘体制和矿业市场环境的限制,我国矿业发展面临着地勘行业严重萎缩,探矿业滞后采矿业,探采不平衡,探采一体化推进缓慢等诸多问题.有效解决这些问题,需要通过明晰政府角色定位、创新机制和体系、优化市场环境,加快推进矿业探采一体化.     

税收分成规则变化的效应研究

纵向税收竞争理论认为,在分税制下,除非中央政府能够采取有效的矫正措施(corrective policies),否则其集中财政收入的过程可能导致实际的均衡税率过高。2001年底国务院确定的所得税分成规则对中央和地方的财政关系造成了很大的影响。本文从中央与地方收入关系和均衡税率的角度对规则变化的效应进行了分析,并指出:为使规则变化后的均衡税率尽量向帕累托有效状态靠拢,则必须尽快完善相关的财政体制以克服规则变化对地方政府造成的负外部性。