探索采油企业水务管理的有效途径和方法

随着社会经济的快速发展,水资源短缺,水质恶化,人类将面临着严重的淡水资源危机。通过了解我国水资源情况,分析了油田水资源利用存在的问题,提出油田实施专业化管理的必要性和管理思路,从加强制度建设、完善基础设施、开展宣传教育等方面着手,为油田今后水务工作的开展,提出了建议,达到建设节水型油田的目的。     

Life cycle assessment in the food supply chain: a case study

This research aims at assessing the environmental impact of the poultry supply chain from cradle to grave using case study research and also life cycle assessment (LCA). While a limited number of generic poultry production LCA studies have been published, fewer yet assess the whole process of a specific organisation, none comparing the increased impact of further processing. Our results show that irrespectively of the impact assessment method utilised, the process of producing portions is considerably higher in total environmental impact due to the extra raw material required to produce the same mass into retail. Our research contributes to the growing number of LCA studies and could be used by practitioners for comparison against national and international averages. From a theoretical point of view, this research provides new insights into the relationship between vertically integrated supply chains and environmental performance which has not been examined in the past.     

现代农牧业纵横一体化综合效益及创新模式  ———以北方农牧交错带为例

该文基于农牧交错带的资源特点、产业特色、地理位置特殊与生态脆弱的区域特征,分析了该区域各种农牧业一体化经营模式的综合效益,以及一体化经营模式创新。结论显示:农牧业"横向一体化"是增加农户收入较优的经营模式,农牧业"纵横一体化"是增收型、资源节约型和生态保护型的现代农牧业经营模式,现代农牧业"纵横一体化"创新型模式为:"种养业农户+合作社+公司+专业市场+产业协会"经营模式。     

比较优势理论与农业区域专业化发展——以福建省为例

应用比较优势理论探讨农业区域专业化发展问题。理论推导得出,按照区域农产品生产优势来选建农业专业化部门能够实现农业增效,提高农业生产整体水平。以福建省为例,采用区位商和平均值法分析了主要农产品生产比较优势。结果表明,福建省多数县份的一种或几种农产品具有显著比较优势,农业生产的区域专业化已现端倪。但目前大多数县份主导产品不显著,专业化生产与农业资源禀赋不相协调。按照县域农产品的比较优势创建农业专业化部门,将是福建省解决"三农"问题和协调县域之间经济发展的有效途径。     

Vertical Restraints and Market Access

This paper analyzes vertical restraints in relation to market access issues. In Section II we briefly review the recent three major trade conflicts between Japan and the USA in light of vertical restraints. In Section III we review the major policy lessons of the economics literature of vertical restraints, and analyze whether we need a special treatment for vertical restraints abroad for a market access reason. In Section IV we evaluate the policy options towards foreign foreclosure and suggest that nondiscriminatory application of foreign or home competition policy should be the mechanism to address such concern instead of trade policy actions such as voluntary import expansions.     

产品内分工视角下服务贸易竞争力的影响因素及其启示

产品内分工影响服务贸易的基本途径是服务外包;基于11个OECD国家投入产出表的数据,实证分析了制造业消耗的生产性服务业中间投入和服务业消耗的生产性服务业中间投入、生产性服务业的劳动力成本和信息与通讯技术发展水平对服务贸易竞争力的影响,并给出了政策启示。     

行业同质性与事务所行业专门化战略——来自中国审计市场的经验证据

本文考察了在中国审计市场环境下行业特征对事务所行业专门化战略的影响。研究发现,行业同质性越高,事务所在该行业的市场份额和组合份额也越高。该结论表明,行业内客户经营越相似,事务所越容易将行业专门化投资获得的行业知识和行业审计程序在行业内不同客户的审计过程中快速有效地分享,因此,事务所越倾向于在该行业进行专门化投资以获得低成本的竞争优势。本文的研究结论可以为事务所行业专门化投资决策提供经验证据,并为事务所通过行业专门化战略实现做大做强提供有益的途径。     

土地垄断供给、纵向市场关系与房地产价格——兼论基于价值链分析的房地产市场竞争促进政策

地价与房价之间并不仅仅是一种成本联系.土地市场与房地产产品市场之间还存在着纵向市场关系,在两个市场均为寡头垄断的情况下,则会存在着双重垄断加成的现象.与上下游产业之间的市场交易关系相比,垂直一体化和垂直约束同样是组织住房生产的有效方式,并有助于增加消费者剩余.此外,促进房地产开发价值链上各环节的竞争,消除其垄断行为,将是降低房价和增进居民福利的重要选择.     

The impact of vertical integration on inventory turnover and operating performance

This paper investigates how vertical integration may influence inventory turnover and firm operating performance. A causal model is developed to investigate the effects of vertical integration on three types of inventory, namely raw materials inventory (RMI), work in progress inventory (WIPI) and finished goods inventory (FGI). The model tests the interactions between inventory types and the consequences of inventory turnover performance on various aspects of firm performance including costs and profitability. In particular, path analysis supports systematic differences with respect to how vertical integration affects RMI, WIPI and FGI. Vertical integration has a positive effect on RMI and FGI turnover but no significant effect on WIPI turnover. FGI contributes to a reduction in supporting processes costs which causes an improvement in return on sales (ROSs). Vertical integration impacts ROS directly.     

巧用竖式学习被动语态

被动语态是英语中一个重要的语法项目,而各个时态的被动语态却是学生学习中的一个难点。笔者利用了知识的正迁移,将数学中的竖式巧妙地应用于各个时态被动语态的学习之中,使学生能够轻松牢固地学习并掌握各个时态的被动语态。