Support for the Use of Deception Within the Work Environment: A Comparison of Israeli and United States Employee Attitudes

As businesses become more global, the opportunities for employees to work with individuals from different cultures increase. Research in cross-cultural interactions has increased in response to such changes. This research study considers employee attitudes and perceived organizational support for the use of deception within the work environment. In this study, two types of deception have been considered; deception for personal gain and deception for the organization's benefit. The reported likelihood for committing these two types of deception for United States and Israeli employees was gathered. The results indicate that United States employees are more likely to deceive others for personal gain than the Israeli employees. In addition, the results indicate that United States employees were more likely to perceive organizational support for the use of deception for personal gain than were the Israeli employees. No differences between the two samples were found for personal or organizational support for deception for the organization's benefit. Differences are explained using Hofstede's (1991) theory of international cultures.     

Wet Sneakers,Bottom Lines,and Other Obstacles to Spirituality

Measurement of the traditionalbottom line leaves room for socialresponsibility and a sense of spirituality ifwe include the theme of connection in thediscussion. Spirituality in the workplacesuggests the combination of profitability withconcern for the common good. Transfer of themodel of social return on investment (SROI)from the not-for-profit sector to thefor-profit sector can be accomplished with someconceptual reframing. An earlier version ofthis paper was presented as the luncheonaddress at the Seventh Annual InternationalConference Promoting Business Ethics, Sept. 21,2000 (NYC).     

企业员工工作场所欺负与职业倦怠关系的实证研究

近年来,工作场所中欺负问题逐渐成为工作和健康心理学研究的热点,受到西方很多研究者的关注,但我国对该问题的关注较晚。通过工作场所欺负对员工职业倦怠作用机制的实证分析,得出的主要研究结论有：工作场所欺负与职业倦怠、情感耗竭、人格解体以及个人成就感低显著正相关,工作场所欺负能够显著预测职业倦怠水平、情感耗竭水平、人格解体水平和个人成就感水平;工作满意度在工作场所欺负与职业倦怠之间存在着中介作用;人格主动性在工作场所欺负与职业倦怠之间并不存在调节作用。     

职场排斥与员工建言行为： 组织自尊的中介效应和主动性人格的调节效应

职场排斥对员工建言存在影响,其中组织自尊和主动性人格可能起到中介及调节作用。针对242份对上下级匹配问卷的研究表明：（1）职场排斥对员工建言行为具有显著的负向影响;（2）组织自尊在职场排斥与员工建言之间起完全中介作用;（3）主动性人格对职场排斥与员工建言之间的关系起调节作用。研究结果有利于拓展职场排斥与员工建言行为关系研究,为处理员工排斥问题提供实践指导。     

加班行为能提升员工工作幸福感吗?

从“主动/被动”和“愿意/不愿意”两个维度对加班行为进行分类,基于自我决定理论构建加班动机的自我决定模型,探索员工的加班行为通过感知任务完成度的中介效应和加班动机的调节作用影响工作幸福感的机制。结果表明：加班动机的自我决定水平越高,由加班造成的工作幸福感损失越少;当自我决定水平达到一定程度时,加班行为反而会增加工作幸福感。研究成果丰富了自我决定视角下的加班研究,为组织的管理实践提供了一定启示。     

Who is at Greatest Risk of Work-Related Discrimination—Women, Blacks, or Homosexuals?

This study was developed to examine whether bias against women, blacks, and homosexuals emerges in predictable patterns when raters are presented with hiring scenarios. We instructed the research sample to hire six of eight candidates for an accounting position. Eight candidates were necessary to offer the full range of gender, race, and sexual orientation combinations. Requiring the research sample to select six of the eight candidates meant that each respondent would have to discriminate by eliminating the two candidates they considered the least desirable. We found that a black, male homosexual is the most likely target of discrimination and the white, female heterosexual is the least likely to be discriminated against. If it develops that these findings hold across a wide range of work-related decisions and samples, such results would support the argument for maintaining affirmative action for blacks and extending civil-rights protection to gays and lesbians.     

The relationships between multifoci workplace aggression and work–family conflict

This study examined the relationships between multifoci workplace aggression by supervisors, coworkers, and customers and employees’ work–family conflict (ranked by spouses or closest family members). Furthermore, this study explored how employees’ problem-focused coping levels moderate the relationship between multifoci workplace aggression and employees’ negative affect, which subsequently influences their work–family conflicts. Data from a sample of 457 working adults and their spouses (or their closest family members) and results showed the direct effects of multifoci workplace aggression on employees’ work–family conflict. This research also found that problem-focused coping would weaken the relationship between supervisor/coworker aggression and employees’ negative affect. Moreover, the results revealed that the effects of multifoci workplace aggression spilled over into employees’ family domain through negative affect and influenced their work–family conflicts (ranked by spouses or closest family members). Finally, a moderated-mediation model used in this study supported the hypothesis that negative affect mediates the interactive effects of multifoci workplace aggression and problem-focused coping on employees’ work–family conflicts. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.     

Changing Behaviour: Successful Environmental Programmes in the Workplace

There is an increasing focus on improving the pro‐environmental attitudes, behaviour and habits of individuals, whether at home, in education, travelling, shopping or in the workplace. This article focuses on the workplace by conducting a multi‐disciplinary literature review of research that has examined the influence of organization‐based behaviour change initiatives. The review includes only research evidence that measured actual environmental performance (e.g. energy use) rather than solely using self‐reported methods (e.g. questionnaires). The authors develop an ‘employee pro‐environmental behaviour’ (e‐PEB) framework, which contains individual, group, organizational and contextual factors that have predictive relevance across different behaviours and organizations. The review shows that the strongest predictors are environmental awareness, performance feedback, financial incentives, environmental infrastructure, management support and training. A key finding from this review is that attitude change is not necessarily a pre‐requisite for behaviour change in the workplace. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

Work‐to‐Family Spillover Effects of Workplace Ostracism: The Role of Work‐Home Segmentation Preferences

This study considers workplace ostracism as a source of stress and examines its spillover effects on the family. By integrating the work‐family interface model with boundary theory, we investigate the impact of workplace ostracism as perceived by employees on their family satisfaction by examining the mediating role of work‐to‐family conflict and the moderating role of work‐home segmentation preferences. The results from a three‐wave field survey of 233 employees in China indicate that workplace ostracism is negatively related to family satisfaction; this relationship is also mediated by work‐to‐family conflict. In addition, work‐home segmentation preferences attenuate the mediating effect of work‐to‐family conflict on the relationship between workplace ostracism and family satisfaction. The theoretical and managerial implications of these findings are discussed.