Foresight on biopharmaceuticals: Designing foresight methods for Spanish biopharmaceuticals

This paper has as its starting point the analysis of the systemic failures in the Spanish Biopharmaceutical Innovation System grounded in the study carried out by the same authors for the OECD between 2002 and 2004. Based on the evidence that one of the main failures is the lack of sufficient linkages between the different actors involved in the dynamic of the system, this paper proposes third-generation foresight as an instrument of science and innovation policy for resolving the problem of systemic failures. Foresight exercises could become an important instrument for reorienting policy, building new networks and linkages among the different actors, bringing new stakeholders into the strategic debate, exploring future opportunities for investment in science and innovation activities, etc. The objective of this paper is the design of a foresight exercise on biopharmaceuticals with the aim of solving, or at least reducing, the failures of this Spanish sectoral system of innovation and in consequence making it stronger.     

硒与健康的关系及对运动的影响

硒是人体必需的微量元素之一，在人体内含量过低或过高都会对肌体健康产生不利影响。有关硒对运动能力的影响近年来引起人们尤其是运动医学界的广泛关注，文章在简要介绍硒元素生物学作用的基础上，重点阐述了其与几类相关疾病和运动的关系。     

投票信托与股东投票协议

为保护中小投资者的利益 ,建议在我国建立投票信托制度和股东投票协议制度。投票信托制度是指应当允许一个或多个股东设立一个投票信托组织 ,把股票转让给受托人 ,并授予受托人在一定期限内行使投票权或其它活动的权力。股东投票协议制度是指允许部分股东就特定的股东大会决议事项按照约定的方式行使表决权     

科学膳食助力运动提高国民身体素质

适度的、规律的运动与强大的免疫系统之间存在密切的关系,而运动作为一种特殊的体力活动又与日常膳食存在千丝万缕的关系。本文结合营养与运动的相关知识,对运动与免疫力的关系、运动中科学膳食的意义及如何实施运动中的科学膳食3个方面进行探究,切实助力国民身体素质、免疫力的提高。     

American options on assets with dividends near expiry

Explicit expressions valid near expiry are derived for the values and the optimal exercise boundaries of American put and call options on assets with dividends. The results depend sensitively on the ratio of the dividend yield rate D to the interest rate r . For D > r the put boundary near expiry tends parabolically to the value rK / D where K is the strike price, while for D ≤ r the boundary tends to K in the parabolic-logarithmic form found for the case D =0 by Barles et al. (1995) and by Kuske and Keller (1998) . For the call, these two behaviors are interchanged: parabolic and tending to rK / D for D < r , as was shown by Wilmott, Dewynne, and Howison (1993) , and parabolic-logarithmic and tending to K for D ≥ r . The results are derived twice: once by solving an integral equation, and again by constructing matched asymptotic expansions.     

高校体育教学中学生终身体育锻炼习惯的培养

高校体育是学校体育的最高阶段,是学生步入社会的最后一站,培养学生良好的体育意识和体育能力,养成终身锻炼身体的习惯,是学生能够健康工作的一个重要保证.     

An analysis on the emotional approach to segmentation: A study of yoga tourism

The purpose of this study is to empirically identify the pattern of tourists’ emotional responses to profile tourists and investigate their relationships with destination image and behavioral intentions in yoga tourism. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from 395 tourists visiting Rishikesh, India. Cluster analysis uncovers three distinct clusters based on the pattern of tourists’ emotions: ecstatic, passionate, and unemotional. Multiple discriminant analysis confirms the validity of three clusters solution. The three yoga tourist clusters differ by their perception of destination image and behavioral intentions. Findings offer important implications for scholars and marketers to better serve this niche market.     

体育运动对大学生体质与健康状况的影响

为了正确引导体育教师指导学生进行体育锻炼,增强学生的体质水平,运用文献资料法、数理统计法、实验对比法、逻辑分析法对周口师范学院不同年级大学生体质健康标准测试的数据进行简要分析,结果表明:学生体质的优秀率逐年降低,良好的比率相对增高,总的合格率有提高。因此,体育运动对学生体质健康的作用是积极的。     

An Evolutionary Psychology Perspective on Physical Exercise Motives: Implications for Social Marketing

This study uses the theoretical framework of evolutionary psychology to examine the motives driving physical exercise behavior, as evolutionary psychology is still under-explored in the social marketing literature. The study employs a survey that draws on a sample of 220 participants. Independent sample t-tests and analysis of variance are conducted, and findings show significant sex and marital status differences in terms of motivations to exercise. Research findings have original implications for social marketing interventions that seek to understand physical exercise motivations and to encourage increased levels of physical exercise. Further, findings contribute to the extant literature by establishing the importance of sex-based segmentation strategies and message appeals that resonate with specific segments’ innate physical exercise motives.     

高管权力、股权激励行权价格与市场反应

利用2006—2012年间公告股权激励预案的上市公司作为研究样本,分析高管权力对股票期权初始行权价格的影响及产生的市场反应。研究发现：高管权力过大会导致高管人员的自利性行为,高管权力越大则股权的初始行权价格制定得越低;股权激励预案宣告会产生显著为正的市场反应,且行权价格与市场反应显著正相关,即行权价格设定高的公司市场反应越积极,投资者能够通过股权激励方案识别高管的自利行为。