Unlocking the potential of advanced manufacturing technologies

This research examines whether investments in advanced manufacturing technologies (AMTs) such as flexible manufacturing systems (FMS), computer aided design (CAD), computer aided manufacturing (CAM), robotics, etc., are more likely to lead to improved performance if they are supported by improvements in the manufacturing infrastructure of the company. This question is evaluated using data gathered from 202 manufacturing plants chosen from industries generally considered to have relatively high investments in technology.Multiple item scales are developed and adapted from sources in the literature to measure investments in technology, infrastructure, and the performance of the plant. Evidence supporting the reliability and validity of these scales is provided. Hierarchical regression is used to analyze the relationship between technology, infrastructure, and performance. The results suggest that there is an important interaction between the adoption of advanced manufacturing technologies and investments in infrastructure. Firms that invest in both AMTs and infrastructure perform better than firms which only invest in one or the other. Separate analyses on sub-samples of firms with the highest and lowest investments in AMTs show that infrastructural investments have a stronger relationship with performance in the high investment group. Thus, the data indicate that infrastructural investments provide a key to unlocking the potential of advanced manufacturing technologies.     

高等数学分层教学研究

21世纪,高等教育终于走向大众化,这是人类文明的进步,我们也欣喜的看到这样的局面。然后,"英才"教育和"大众化"教育也一直在碰撞。"高等数学"分层次教学就是在这种时候提出来的。其目的是以人为本,根据学生的本质差异,按学生的实际学习能力而因材施教,对不同层次采取不同的教学方法、教学手段,构建新的课程体系,强调以最基本的数学知识为主千,由浅入深的螺旋上升的学习过程。     

先进制造模式下创新在提高生产效率中的作用分析——以某船厂为例

中国从世界制造大国发展成为世界制造强国必须实行先进制造模式。而在造船领域,总装化造船则是一种先进制造模式。本文以新增长理论为基础,从新制度经济学的角度论述了专业化分工协作的造船体制等制度创新因素对提高造船效率的影响;建立某船厂造船量增长模型,并分析了造船模式创新、技术创新、人力资本创新等因素在造船量增长中的贡献率。测算表明,作为一种先进制造模式,造船模式的创新对生产效率的提高起到了非常重要的作用。     

中医辨证配合化疗治疗晚期肺癌临床分析

目的探究中医辨证配合化疗对晚期肺癌患者的临床治疗效果。方法将我院2011年1月～2012年1月接诊的53例晚期肺癌患者作为研究对象,随机分为研究组与对照组。对照组患者单纯采用化疗治疗,研究组则在对照组的基础上配合中医辨证治疗。对两组病患的治疗效果进行总结与对比。结果研究组治疗前平均分为58.45分,治疗后为71.35分,对照组治疗前平均分为58.13分,治疗后为49.63分;研究组27例患者半年的生存率为81.48%,一年的生存率为48.15%,对照组26例患者半年生存率为46.15%,一年生存率为15.38%;治疗效果上,研究组总有效率为40.74%,对照组总有效率为15.38%。结论对于晚期肺癌患者而言,采用中医辨证配合西医化疗治疗,除了可以提高患者对化疗的耐受性之外,还能明显提高患者的生存质量,当属一种值得临床推广及应用的治疗方法。     

The search for the best deal: How hotel cancellation policies affect the search and booking decisions of deal-seeking customers

This study examined cancellation policies and their role in shaping travelers’ deal-seeking behavior, exploring the impact of cancellation fees and deadlines on three, mutually exclusive, customers’ hotel booking behavior categories: “Book”, “Book and Search”, and “Search”. 291 subjects, who participated in a week long online “booking game”, attempted to book a room in a virtual hotel and get the best deal. The results were tested using small sample t-test for comparing proportions between two independent populations, non-parametric multiple pairwise comparisons, and multinomial logit regression models. The findings indicate that the cancellation deadline affected participants’ behavior while the size of the cancellation fee had no statistically significant impact. In addition, there was no significant difference between lenient cancellation deadline and no cancellation policy.     

国家制造业创新中心设立能否助推先进制造业发展——基于湖北省的准自然实验

工信部在全国范围内部署国家制造业创新中心,是推动先进制造业创新发展的重要举措,由此引发对该政策效果的讨论。为评估国家制造业创新中心设立对相应领域的促进效应,以湖北为典型对象展开事件研究设计,基于2016—2019年季度省际面板数据,采用双重差分法识别国家制造业创新中心设立对湖北省先进制造业的推动效果。结果表明,国家制造业创新中心设立的确能显著推动所处领域的当地产业发展。进一步检验发现,通过创新投入扩张的中介机制,该政策对集成电路制造业产出的促进效应最大,其次是金属冶炼设备和金属切削加工业。基于创新载体功能定位,发现创新中心建设能有效激励创新活动,服务于区域内先进制造业核心产业集群发展。     

动态无效率产生的原因解析——对David Romer《高级宏观经济学》教科书观点的修正

美国经济学家David Romer通过一个特例说明有可能存在动态无效率的现象,而没有深究为什么会存在这种现象,这种做法在美国高级宏观经济学教科书中一脉相承。通过对拉姆齐模型和世代交叠模型的比较,本研究发现,动态无效率的现象源于世代交叠模型两期寿命的假定,导致实际利率的变化缺少了约束,会低于持平投资的增长率。本研究指出:动态无效率不是来源于资本动态学方程的特例,而是来源于模型的期限结构,内生于模型的结构。萨缪尔森世代交叠模型可以证明本研究的结论。     

论现代制造观的培养

针对上世纪末以来制造业在人类科技快速发展带动之下所产生的深刻变化,本文以机械制造及其自动化专业方向学生综合素质的提高为目标,在深入分析现代制造属性、特征的基础上,从深化学生主观认知的角度探讨了关于现代制造观的培养问题。     

发展我国预约定价安排制度的思考

作为解决关联企业转让定价问题的一种方法,预约定价出现较晚,人们对其了解也较少。本文在简单阐述预约定价安排制度的基础上,分析了预约定价的优缺点,并结合我国预约定价的实践,提出了进一步完善我国预约定价安排制度的若干建议。     

Changes in volatility of credit spread and market efficiency during rapid growth of credit-related securities

This paper investigates the changes in credit spread volatility during 1993–2001. We find that the credit spreads between junk-grade corporate bonds and Treasury bonds were significantly more volatile in the second half of this period when credit-related securities became popular. In contrast, investment-grade bonds exhibited no significant change in volatility. The junk bonds variance ratios changed from being less than one to greater than one. Using the GJR-Garch model, the conditional volatilities of junk bonds increased in the second half of the period and the mean reversion speeds slowed, suggesting a longer time for mean reversion to occur. Our analysis rules out treasury volatility, credit spread level, equity market return, T-bill rate, curvature of the Treasury curve, financial crisis, quantity of defaults and standard deviation of defaults as explanations for the increase in junk bond volatility. In contrast, volatility of equity returns provides a partial explanation of junk bond spread volatility in the later period.