痰热清注射液不同给药途径治疗慢性支气管炎的疗效

目的观察痰热清注射液不同给药途径治疗慢性支气管炎的临床疗效。方法将94例患者随机分为三组，各组均予基础治疗，雾化组另予痰热清注射液雾化吸入，注射组给予痰热清注射液静滴，比较三组的治疗效果。结果雾化组、注射组及对照组的总有效率分别为94.29%、83.33%及75.86%。组间比较差异有显著性（P＜0.05）。结论痰热清注射液雾化吸入治疗慢性支气管炎疗效满意，安全性好，值得临床推广使用。     

吸入用布地奈德混悬液雾化相关特性与细胞转运的评价

目的 评价国内外已上市的不同生产厂家的吸入用布地奈德混悬液的雾化特性、理化特性及细胞转运、摄取情况.方法 通过测定3个厂家吸入用布地奈德混悬液的递送速率、递送总量、空气动力学粒径分布、物理粒度、Calu-3细胞药物累积转运量等指标参数,对产品质量的共性进行评价.结果 3种吸入用布地奈德混悬液在初始1 min的递送速率和...     

吸入用布地奈德混悬液雾化联合盐酸丙卡特罗治疗喘息性支气管炎患儿的疗效

目的探讨吸入用布地奈德混悬液雾化联合盐酸丙卡特罗治疗喘息性支气管炎患儿的临床效果。方法选取2018年7月至2020年12月辽宁省健康产业集团阜新矿总医院收治的喘息性支气管炎患儿96例作为研究对象,依据治疗方案不同分为观察组与对照组,各48例。对照组接受吸入用布地奈德混悬液雾化治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用盐酸丙卡特罗治疗,比较两组疗效、症状(三凹征、肺部哮鸣音、喘息、咳嗽)消退时间及治疗前、治疗7d、14d肺功能[潮气呼气中期流速(ME)/潮气吸气中期流速(MI)、潮气呼气峰流速(PTEF)]、血清炎症介质[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)]、氧化应激指标[总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)]水平。结果观察组治疗有效率为95.83%高于对照组81.25%(P<0.05);观察组三凹征消退时间、肺部哮鸣音消退时间、喘息消退时间、咳嗽消退时间短于对照组(P<0.05);治疗7 d、14 d观察组ME/MI、PTEF低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗7 d、14 d观察组血清TNF-α、IL-6水平低于对照组(P&...     

Budget impact model of tobramycin inhalation solution for treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis patients

Abstract

Background:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is the most common airway pathogen in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The objective of this analysis was to determine the costs of managing PA infection in CF patients with a chronic regimen of tobramycin inhalation solution (TIS).

Methods:

A budget impact model of CF patients was developed to evaluate the costs of TIS from a US managed-care organization (MCO) perspective. The Microsoft Excel model compared TIS treatment plus standard care with standard care alone over a 4-year time horizon and included the cost of drugs, medical care, and annual probabilities of hospitalization and IV anti-pseudomonal (anti-PA) antibiotics administration.

Results:

For an MCO with 5,000,000 members, 389 members 6 years of age or older were estimated to have CF, and 218 (56%) had PA infection. Assuming that use of TIS increased from 20% to 25%, the 1-year budget increased $231,251 or from $0.049 to $0.053 per member per month (PMPM). The net drug budget increase was $243,919, while medical costs associated with exacerbation management decreased $12,669 over the first year. Increasing utilization of TIS, from 20% to 40% over 4 years resulted in an incremental overall budget increase of $925,002, a 3% decrease in hospitalizations, and a 4% decrease in administrations of IV anti-PA antibiotics. These reductions translated to a medical care cost saving of $50,676 over 4 years. Limitations of this study include that the clinical data for the model are from clinical trials conducted in 1996 and the estimation of TIS use for CF patients with chronic PA infections can be impacted by TIS adherence.

Conclusion:

Model results suggest that increasing the use of TIS decreases medical care costs due to decreased hospital admissions and the use of IV anti-PA antibiotics at the expense of higher drug costs.     

Determination of active travel speed for minimum air pollution inhalation

A higher active travel speed has offsetting impacts on air pollution inhalation dose through higher breathing rate but shorter exposure duration. The net effect of speed choice on inhalation dose for pedestrians and bicyclists has not been established. This paper derives equations for pedestrian and bicycle steady-state minimum-dose speed (MDS). Parameter distributions from the literature are applied to a synthetic population of travelers to calculate individual MDS. Results strongly support the existence of a definable MDS, which is near observed travel speeds for urban pedestrians and bicyclists. For a wide range of travelers, the MDS is 2–6 km/h while walking and 12–20 km/h while bicycling, decreasing with road grade at a rate similar to observed speeds. On level ground, pedestrian and bicycle MDS corresponds to a moderate-intensity physical activity level (3–6 MET). Small deviations from the MDS have little effect, but large deviations (by more than 10 km/h for bicycling) can more than double inhalation dose over a fixed distance. It appears that pedestrians and bicyclists choose travel speeds that approximately minimize pollution inhalation dose, although pollution is unlikely a primary motivation.     

雾化吸入布地奈德混悬液治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期的效果观察

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)患者选择雾化吸入布地奈德混悬液治疗后的临床效果。方法选取我院2011年1月至2013年6月AECOPD患者150例。通过随机数表法将其分为A1组(观察组75例)与A2组(对照组75例)。A2组患者选择常规治疗+甲泼尼松龙治疗;A1组患者选择常规治疗+布地奈德混悬液(雾化吸入)治疗;比较两组患者治疗7 d后在相关指标方面表现的差异性。结果两组AECOPD患者完成7 d治疗后,与治疗前比较,在动脉血氧分压(Pa O2)以及动脉血二氧化碳分压(Pa CO2)等指标差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针对AECOPD患者选择雾化吸入布地奈德混悬液治疗,表现出较高的有效性及安全性。     

异丙托溴铵联合布地奈德混悬液雾化吸入治疗上呼吸感染后慢性咳嗽的临床疗效

目的探讨异丙托溴铵联合布地奈德混悬液雾化吸入治疗上呼吸感染后慢性咳嗽的临床疗效。方法将我院就诊的162例上呼吸感染后慢性咳嗽患者进行随机分组,对照组患者雾化吸入盐酸氨溴索注射液治疗,试验组患者采用复方异丙托溴铵联合布地奈德混悬液治疗,对两组患者的疗效进行评价。结果试验组患者总有效率和显效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论异丙托溴铵联合布地奈德混悬液雾化吸入治疗上呼吸感染后慢性咳嗽疗效确切,具有较好的安全性和可靠性。     

吸入给药的文献计量学及可视化分析

为分析吸入给药的研究热点、前沿动态和发展趋势,通过CiteSpace软件对Web of Science数据库中2011—2020年吸入给药的相关文献进行研究,根据国家、机构之间的合作网络,关键词共现网络以及文献、期刊之间的共被引网络研究分析结果,共检索到相关文献2580篇.结果显示:1)近10年来吸入给药领域相关文献的...