浅谈知识经济社会的高等职业教育特点

本文分析了知识经济社会的主要特点及其知识经济社会的教育内涵 ;并且结合德国“双元制”教学模式及其对我国高职教育的借鉴和启示 ,重点论述了知识经济社会的高等职业教育的特点和途径。     

Impact of domestic and foreign knowledge mechanisms on the innovation performance of Indian firms

Research on emerging market firms (EMFs) has acknowledged the role of innovation in catching-up with advanced economies. Although we know that EMFs’ innovation increasingly depends on collaborations and cross-border knowledge flows, less has been said about the effectiveness of foreign and domestic knowledge mechanisms adopted to improve EMFs’ innovation performance. We hypothesize that foreign mechanisms rely on diverse knowledge and foster explorative innovation (i.e. innovation that extends the existing local competencies), while domestic mechanisms are more likely to be associated with the exploitation of the local existing competencies. Additionally, we claim that the breadth of EMFs’ absorptive capacity strengthens the impact of foreign knowledge mechanisms on explorative innovation, while depth increases the impact of domestic knowledge mechanisms on EMFs’ exploitative innovation, thus highlighting that the interplay of knowledge resources internal and external to the firm involve different levels of recombination. Our empirical analyses conducted on a sample of 161 Indian bio-pharmaceutical firms observed from 1997 to 2018 confirm our hypotheses, thus contributing to the literature on EMFs’ catching up via internationalization and innovation.     

研发过程模型优化——研发过程任意阶段知识运作模型研究

本文拟通过对三个现有研发过程模型的评述,结合其他相关文献的回顾以及当前企业界所能够提供的技术服务,对研发过程模型予以优化,并尝试提出了‘研发过程任意阶段知识运作模型”来探讨“知识在研发过程中究竟是如何运作的”的问题,以期能够为当前的企业界和学术界的研发过程运作模式的完善提供有益参考。     

《科技进步与对策》1984—2014年刊文综述与知识图谱分析

透析了《科技进步与对策》1984—2014年关注的学术热点,廓清了研究内容的知识脉络、结构、动态变化过程及近年来最新研究趋势等。基于文献计量学视角,以《科技进步与对策》创刊30余年来刊文为研究对象,借助Ucinet、CiteSpace、VOSviewer等工具进行了高被引文献分析,以及合作团队、单位、关键词热点变迁等知识图谱的可视化研究。     

Volatility in the knowledge economy

Summary. We seek to explain the economic volatility of the last 6 years, in particular the rapid expansion and contraction of the knowledge sectors. Our hypothesis is that these sectors amplify the business cycle due to their increasing returns to scale, growing faster than others in an upswing and contracting faster in a downswing. To test this hypothesis we postulate a general equilibrium model with two sectors: one with increasing returns that are external to the firm and endogenously determined - the knowledge sector - and the other with constant returns to scale. We introduce a new measure of volatility of output, a real beta, and derive a resolving equation, from which we prove that the increasing return sectors exhibit more volatility then other sectors. We validate the main results on US macro economic data of real GDP by industry (2-3 digits SIC codes) of the 1977-2001 period, and provide policy conclusions.Received: 18 March 2002, Revised: 16 February 2004, JEL Classification Numbers: D5, D58, E10, L50, L52, O38, O51.Correspondence to: Graciela Chichilnisky     

创业行为与产业集群发展:考虑知识溢出效应的多案例研究

采用规范性多案例研究方法,选取上海市商务智能(BI)产业集群内5家创业企业作为典型案例,探索性分析产业集群内的创业优势、创业行为对产业集群发展的影响及它们之间的知识溢出效应。研究结果表明:政策扶持、行业氛围、基础设施、知识与信息共享以及产业互补是集群内的创业优势;创业行为对产业集群发展的积极影响主要是通过示范效应、倒逼效应、网络效应、迸发效应、链锁效应、扩散效应等知识溢出效应实现的。     

企业价值评价与知识增值的研究

价值分析是经济学中经常使用的一种方法,但在企业经营管理分析中却常被忽略。该研究将企业价值创造要素归结为劳动、知识和资本3种,通过对国内9个行业的实证研究及对四川托普软件股份有限公司的案例研究,建立起上述3种要素尤其是知识要素的测量方法,按照知识和资本维度对不同行业进行了分类,并归纳出企业的知识价值增值曲线。通过研究知识在企业价值创造过程中的作用,希望通过探讨知识的价值增值以促进企业分配制度的完善。     

Technological knowledge as an essential facility

The economics of regulation has articulated the notions of essential facility and mandated interconnection. Their application to the governance of technological knowledge can be fruitful especially when implemented by the adoption of a compensatory liability rule and the parallel reduction in the exclusivity of patents. Because knowledge is at the same time an output and an input in the production of new knowledge, exclusivity, traditionally associated to patents, is the cause of actual knowledge rationing with major drawbacks in terms of both static and dynamic efficiency. This institutional innovation can improve the governance of technological knowledge and increase both its rates of dissemination and generation.

互联网能力与知识能力交互效应对知识创造绩效的传导机制:一个被中介的调节效应模型

整合资源基础观、知识基础观和动态能力理论,探讨互联网背景下互联网能力、知识能力两种企业内部因素交互作用对知识创造绩效的影响过程,尤其关注了具有前瞻性与反应性特征的战略柔性在这一过程中的重要作用,从而构建了一个被中介的调节效应模型。基于我国399家企业调研数据发现,互联网能力、知识能力均对战略柔性有显著正向影响;互联网能力与知识能力的交互作用通过战略柔性的中介机制促进企业知识创造绩效提升,即存在被中介的调节效应。在理论上,丰富了资源基础观和知识基础观在组织竞争优势构建方面的前因研究,在实践上,为处于互联网背景下的企业有效提升知识创造绩效提供了实践参考。     

Does different NPD project’s characteristics lead to the establishment of different NPD networks? A knowledge perspective

In today’s highly competitive and globalised marketplace, firms need more and more to develop new knowledge and capabilities to leave behind their competitors, thus gaining market share. Knowledge is fundamental for success because a firm that knows more, often develops more sustainable competitive advantage. Networks, like those oriented to New Product Development, seem to be valuable means of learning, as firms could not achieve alone the same results, or at least not as quickly. Through this integrative systematic review, we are interested in understanding whether different New Product Development projects correspond to different New Product Development networks in terms of knowledge exchanged among the partners involved. Our results highlight the presence of four types of New Product Development networks deriving from the combination of the degree of innovation characterising the project and its mode of development. Implications and future research are also proposed.